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- 25
'CH·UONG 3·
.( :""1·,c."
'1 '1 .,. ,
fW :. ~
, ,LY
NHUNO.VANDE.CQBANCUA
, '"
'rWHUYET,MA.S:AT'11RONO·MA Y
cd vi ma sat
;.1. NhU'ng d)nh lu,t bcin :
1.t>Oinh ,lu.t1 "
~t1~t' cua ma sat ngoai bc}ng t6ng cUa nh~t sinh
ra vacac'nang 111~g-(fi1~' th~ (chu y~u db kim ~Q
hAp
A=Q+AE .
':~1·biO;gl(f05l1g cUama sat ngoal:b~n 'hoan toan
thanh nh~t, n~n :
a
- 26
T = T1 + T2 + T3 + ... + T10.
T1 : Ma sat ~n trong cae Idp thuy khf dQng.
T2 : Ma Sfit WiJ [tht:iY\
- 27
tr~n cOng ella Ilfe ma sat ~y trong roan th~ tfeh bi b~n
d~ng cOglci tr! ct!e t~u':'~ .. ,
f l1E~A.) = m in
;.. f A.
BiflW'nh'f~'frin cho phep pht.h'tich qu~ trinhjna
,i' ~~-: t>J
binh thLtang.Trong m~
satpli06 tilpwvaCfi"ra'm~n
ii~ti~ng Wta sat t5kinthanh ·rrl1~fca.'fci"d(f ta
16(oouMttl&unaMKh'm6f'cadf'h~u qua cae ," qua trinh'ma
.. - 'J
sat ••••• ~t dltQC kha nang chOng mon, Unh chOng'rna
Wia lsat' mongmuOn. '
Qf\fIt ~
L l~' '
- 27
tr~n c6ng cua IlfC ma sat ~y trong roan th~ tfch bi b~n
d~ng cOgici tr! ct!c t~tf:·~
J l1E~A.) = m in
:.. f
A
;i'~'-;6jBiflW!nhl~'f"tt!tl cho phep pht.htJChqut:i trinh_'ma
s:it,pfi06 tilpv~l vaCfi-ra'tn~nbinh thLtdng.Trong mi6n '
r:~u~n~ ~a sat fjkinthanh 'rth~t ca. "fC{dtf ta
!c\(~JfliuQaMKH'm~f'caCtr'h~u qua cacqua trin~ ma
sat •••• daJi (fltc;JC kha nang chOng man, tinh chong'lna
Wiii tScit· mongmuOn ..
Qf\GII ~
L '
- 28
2-1. Life ma acit :
~e trlJng Cd ban cUa ma sat Ia tI!e ma sat, n6 Ia
Ille can tro chuy~n d!ch tlJong dOl gllta cae ~f th~ Mp
,,)(~C? ~h~,~, N~l '(~1tfl~ ~a nh~u":§"'~\flJ1lbtic phUe
..
~:)~'plro.r,lg ,~9tA~~ trinh; C
- .. 29
sau d~y d~ bi6u' ,diin.·quan ~c;1Jiqall!c ma sat va tai
'
..
~
'.: ,i ~"',
1,i"F=.KN,t-rO
Cl1';"~
t16i>f Uf'>'
.i
h1 i;!~ :.K- th), S' ;
nSlr!: ;;.' ;; j~rl Yrii'-I\.
;i" ;)('.) L6L.k
.
.ttIM 00.
f?r!'
;" i
30
- 30
, Quan ~ nay cO 3 vung,d~ctrll'ng: f so use i
Vung I : d~e trllng eho m¢t ehuy~n tkip '*'«10 .
ll'ng va cae tr! s6 p nhe; trong do khOng cO di~u ~n
i6binh thllClng h6a hoc;ur tb8nqua trfnh ma'sat. cae gici tI1
QfIi\J suAt ay khOn~rdu d~tam b6n va ~o dat tdl h~rt)lit
tlngcita ~t ~.
nhang ditU~n cAn chotinhth{ch
Trong wng chu~n OOpcae Ilfe cO 1k\tY quanJ"cifsl,l'dfch
6f.t(~8t eat;_n1 b& m~t ctenm~t khoang'+ aich being
IchoIing aidl ..giOa cae :ngu~n'tu-i &i dongval't~fGhu
ptJiiuttutllj ~~'ntnAl{o:;tnafsa.t. ·TY a6='QtE/A tI6n
gi8 tri ClIct~u. ,;-,' '060
••
••••• NII.'If" Ia;VfIrtgchungnhat;va~fflttqhg nhAt·
J."
~"'''''''lf.4i'lHU'dI1g. .' '.' .;,h;;.!;:; lHlN
,- ' ~.', ,.h 4-,~'"
~ ••••••••••••••• '" " ••• ' " -
tee_-jtrirmchu~ d6f va;" ~
, '11
,..t .,
lme lit nhe nhcit. Ty 50: ~g d6i ••
AE/A
nno ••• :11'
L.l _ •... ~i.. be ;~? ..~~
."" "
- ~
'i...
ti.II.~gidUC;SC dBl vi
qSrtq hap phyAE
d\Hig.~
~t hda CIic kip ~ m~t kim ~i. T~ng thai ~
cUs cae lcip h~t hoa d~t dll
- 31
KA.t qua ~.c:U"''g ch!~ d~ ma sat khOng binh
ta
thUdngv2n~tf1hlthollg M m
- 32
~~inbtrj cSn
Vung ~. Unl'dJgdA;ctrttng bCl gia
dinh cUa,h~~ ~ SjiitwiJtao,moo cho1phepdU'QC'quytit
. 4!l1h .QCl gia ..rt nhq nht\t ·cUa ,ltIp b;6n: d~ng, cleo .va slf
t
hinh.~~nh '~qS44tt'\icthU' aiP. ,"
gilla h~ .sOma ·sat V(ij"cac thOng 56
OuEin;M
~ ~g.ngh •. ch6~o chung,
.~:y1dl/-Jlh«~~,~tl~u
.~chithll'dc..~~pJapghep, ~u va 'lihh.chcit cUa ch~t
bOi tr~~ .. I"Q~g.·'Wng h~.Qja oacth6ng.,s6 6yiSirtam
~
thay deli ca~ ham s6 chu ytiu IJ.. f(p) va IJ.. t(V).Anh
= =
JljJy ~u~ qtly6tdibh!M~ph9P,Qio,thOng 50
_.c~~
~f~ng qu&t J.indt1~biitJ diin pang t~n tt't "
':l\v,~
IJ.. A{p;v;ef Ham nay chi cO y nghf8rkbLchAdt):n1a.&at
=
(n
£.utJinh.·;Ul_Q1;" : f.
- .3. CAe d,ng ma sAt
3.1 . Ma sAt khOng eO ehlt bOl tran :
Thl)'c t~ khOng cO nhOng be mat tuy~t d6i ~ch.
NhOng~ mat Iy tu6ng ~y chi cOthe ~ ra 6 cac phOng
thf nghi~m v~t Iy ti~u chulln. B~ mal chi t~t tuy khOng
bOi traQb6ng dllu mo nhung bao gio tr~n n6 cung cO
nhOng Idp mang Mp phl,Jgr,m hoi nuoc, khr... L~i ma
sat nay xlly ra;Jtoac b
- 34
-.);
....•.
,[ . ro.
'l
.• ~ I'
,
..
fJ.'giAmxu6ng'~n;gia·ttj
, - BantllukhiQtArig~n;
nhtft.din,~clJa'~, .sau'd6 ~ tari~:Q'WJi~ iff ktll\ t1;Jc
fan ttll fJ.tahgf&n r6-r~_
- ?'
+ ~(mVs)
. J.:lso
Jls= .,~
1 + (rnVJ
Trong
- each n6.
Trong d6:
a : Cuong de)trung blnh c~ th$nh ph~n
, ph~n tv cUitl\lc .mas4t,
/, S~: Di~n tr,C~'
~>~~',tt)\Jc,~. ,
b : H~ 56 d~ trun~,Fho th,anh'ph~n co
," hQCcua IV~ 111ft ~( .
N-':Apt'l,IcphAp tuY'n.
Nhuv&,y:
tb
= (a.SJ{N
fl.
3~2.Ma sM khic~~iJrO'".g!6:i,tI.n;
c
~--- i~~ :. -,' . "Vt
-':""~L" ~ ;~_" ~"
- · ~ ~
So d~ tru¢ cUBv$t rAn khi bOitron giai h~n
~ BOitron b~ m~ Iy tuong
~ Tifp XUC CUBb~ m~t thl,rc
A : Do~n truy~n tai trc;mg
8 : Do~n tifp xuc thl,rc
38
- 38
Nho ,c6, ~~, Unn,4011geua, cac phan tv c~t bOi
frori sd 'flip tht,lxay ra \lai t6c de) 'an tr~n ~ mat me ~t,
- J7
p=131KJLm
C •• ng
-
___ Croat '.
=1~.2.4
V1
'.5 1.1,& 2, 2,S ~ 1.5 ""'-
vio·t8i trQng
S"phttthuOoJ! aU,"
=I~
•.
u
I•
.•.•.• m .af 5. 112K~
N
C6 biAu di~n nhu db thi tr~n qua thl,le nghi~m
maymaiSAt'cbriIAn. ~e e6~ tMyiSl) thay dbi
trfm
tn86 v$IHruQtWt lSi trt;tng :
cUa '
J.1
~ fir' .', ,) "" t,
'.'
'. 1.M1iLlaw2
I., 1135
•• 771
.2
'.1
.uI,5
.."" v·· ....
_
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'.2 1,4 '.'1.81,' 1,4 1, •••
•
1,2
Ngoai ra n6 cOn ph •.•thuOc vao dQ b6ng. ~ mat:
40
- 1.-·---
1
13
121 " .:<
11 '.' t. ~,
1.
S!
I
'l,
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,1,1.,21,3 "~"'7"" .:
1,4 8,5
__ _~-'9'
~ ~.-. f·
'j ,
.:t~ ~j '.•. !. f" -
s6cOng thtk ma cac h%c
C6 thegl6i ~m6t gia
qua thl,lC nghi~ \18 gtai ~C b8i to~n"lYth~t de x~C
dinh J.1 (nhOng GOngthuc nlty cO the thay dbi trong ~
truong tlQp lam vi(tc Cl.J
the) nhu c6ng thu€: Misarin, h%c
gia nguai Nga :
r'
'.-'. I
.~. ft.,
EXtnhqt dc)ng.P9C cU8-,dilu[Gst]" :. ,"
\?o :
Vs va Vw : V~n t6c ID-fotNa3~.~ [fJll.4J.
Ngu xet anh huang cUa Mn kfl'lh cong, cO the
thuc tr~ 4uoi~g :
v~t GOng
~
--,------
Hay cbng tb4cchfnh xac hancU8 ~ietrjsjevioz :
41
- 41
'.J .- H~"L .. ~',\.,)~ . ~.
>-- -.",'
", '}'J,.P~ ,,' I,. :''''[t~~, 2a",)'lrl(V~ ~,)]
',' 'Rfn
/
- 42
cac philn ill dilu a xa sa giam di. Cac lap cach ~ m~t
o ,5J..UTl sa chuyen d()ng tl) do vOi nhau, Ll)c ma sat phI,.!
thu()c d(>nh~ cua dilu va bang tOng Il)c can truQt cua
cac fop dilu theo chiau day mang ma sat
n~y voi h~ s6 ma sat nh618 t6i uu d6i voi k~t a1u ma sat
v, phuong dittn ~t m~i nAng luc;:mg, ~ ~n mon vad
tuOi thQ. Trong bOit~9n lf6t, Il)c ma s~ kilong"phl,.!thu()c
ban chatwa ....~ ~~.I _'''''
m~f~p:ghep. ',' ,
.,\ r"',
HI~n tUQng rita sat khi boi tron u6t phuc t~p hon
so voi :t " 7 \I' ,,\:
r /,0/ '/ vUnO
,\.
U Ji,"'V, rOi
----------
---------
_, ._~' ....._ ,-:- -.. -
, ,... _ 3 . pong dlu chiy tlng.
7.- ,-.1-'· •••.•••
• -+i~ -'.~. jt_~· ' .
f ••••
..
.•
, - - r-. '; -~- ~
Ma sat trong bOi tran u6t khOng chi tOn ~ giiia cae be
~t truqt. khi Ian ho(lc Ian co truqt giiia c~ ~ t:n;lcva noi
chung JAcac~tCoDg, -cMt lOng bot iron d1f
- 43
lap cMt
h,(}iva hlnh h9C ~~);se:pbanchia~~t. b~g
> '~i + Ra.
b6i tran ma sat uOt :. h
long. D~ ~
LOp clAuphAn cach bai b~ ~t IBm v~ co t8c
nguon tai.lieu . vn
