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CE COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
CHAPTER 2
INSTRUCTIONS: LANGUAGE OF THE COMPUTER
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CE Instructions: Language of the Computer
1. Introduction
2. Operations of the Computer Hardware
3. Operands of the Computer Hardware
4. Signed and Unsigned number
5. Representing Instructions in the Computer
6. Logical Operations
7. Instructions for Making Decisions
8. Supporting Procedures in Computer Hardware
9. Communicating with People
10. MIPS Addressing for 32-Bit Immediates and Addresses
11. Translating and Starting a Program
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CE Instructions: Language of the Computer
3
CE Instructions: Language of the Computer
1. Introduction
2. Operations of the Computer Hardware
3. Operands of the Computer Hardware
4. Signed and Unsigned number
5. Representing Instructions in the Computer
6. Logical Operations
7. Instructions for Making Decisions
8. Supporting Procedures in Computer Hardware
9. Communicating with People
10. MIPS Addressing for 32-Bit Immediates and Addresses
11. Translating and Starting a Program
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CE Introduction
To command a computer’s hardware, you must speak its language. The words of a computer`s language are called instructions, and its vocabulary is called an instruction set
instruction set: The vocabulary of commands understood by a given architecture
With instruction set, once you learn one, it is easy to pick up others.
This similarity occurs because all computers are constructed from hardware technologies based on similar underlying principles and because there are a few basic operations that all computers must provide
The chosen instruction set in this chapter is MIPS, which is an elegant example of the instruction sets designed since the 1980s.
Two other popular instruction sets:
• ARM is quite similar to MIPS, and more than three billion ARM processors were shipped in embedded devices in 2008
• The Intel x86, is inside almost all of the 330 million PCs made in 2008
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