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- DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF BACKEND APPLICATIONS
FOR BANKING ONLINE SYSTEMS USING JAVA SPRING
BOOT
SVTH: Tăng Bá Minh, Nguyễn Thị Thùy Dương,
An Thị Phương, Trần Thị Ngọc Anh, Dương Hoàng Nam
GVHD: ThS Nguyễn Đình Trần Long
Tóm tắt - Ngày nay, các ngân hàng dường như đang nhảy vào cuộc đua ngân hàng qua
Internet. Ngân hàng trực tuyến hoặc ngân hàng điện tử cho phép khách hàng của tổ chức tài chính sử
dụng dịch vụ, thực hiện các giao dịch tài chính trên một trang web bảo mật. Mục đích của nghiên cứu
này là tìm hiểu về việc sử dụng Spring Boot để xây dựng và phát triển hệ thống ngân hàng trực
tuyến.Một số nội dung chính được đề cập trong nghiên cứu này là định nghĩa về Spring Boot, lý do sử
dụng Spring Boot, việc sử dụng Spring Boot trong phát triển hệ thống ngân hàng điện tử, kết quả và
đánh giá.
Abstract - Today, banks seem to be jumping on the bandwagon of Internet banking. Internet
banking or electronic banking allows a customer of a financial institution to use services, to conduct
financial transactions on a secured website. The purpose of this research is to learn about using
Spring Boot to build and develop an online banking system.Some main contents mentioned in this
research are the definition of Spring Boot, the reason for using Spring Boot, the use of Spring Boot in
development the e-banking system, the result and evaluation.
Keyswords: internet banking, financial transactions, Spring Boot
A. INTRODUCTION
With the development of information technology and the internet, a series of online
banks were born to serve online customers. Online banking services have gradually replaced
traditional methods. To build online banking systems with complex structures with many
different types of services and utilities, developers and programmers need the support of
technology framework. Spring Boot provides a good platform for java developers to get
started with an auto cconfigurable production- Spring application. With it, developers can get
started quickly without losing time on preparing and configuring their Spring application.
B. MAIN CONTENT
I. Definition of Java Spring Boot
Spring Boot is a module of Spring Framework, provides RAD feature (Rapid
Application Development). It is an open source Java-based framework used to create a micro
Service. Spring Boot is developed by Pivotal Team and is used to build stand-alone and
production ready spring applications. Spring Boot helps developers to start coding right away
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- without wasting time on preparing and configuring the environment. Micro Service is an
architecture that allows the developers to develop and deploy services independently. Each
service running has its own process and this achieves the lightweight model to support
business applications. With Spring Framework, it provides a comprehensive infrastructure to
support Java application development programmers. It packs some special features like
Dependency Injection and modules like: Spring JDBC, Spring MVC, Spring Security, Spring
AOP, Spring ORM, Spring Test. These modules can help programmers greatly reduce
application development time. Spring framework also has a limitation that the configuration
steps are complex and take time for the application to run. However, with Spring Boot, it
overcomes these limitations, provides an easier and faster way to set up, configure, and run
both simple and web-based applications.
In short, Spring Boot is the combination of Spring Framework and Embedded Servers.
In Spring Boot, there is no requirement for XML configuration (deployment descriptor). It
uses convention over configuration software design paradigm that means it decreases the
effort of the developer. The main goals of Spring Boot is to reduce development, unit test, and
integration test time: provides Opinionated Development approach, avoids defining more
Annotation Configuration, avoids writing lots of import statements, avoids XML
Configuration. The features of Spring Boot are : web development, spring application,
application events and listeners, admin features, externalized configuration, properties files,
type-safe configuration, logging, security. Spring Boot automatically configures application
based on the dependencies that have added to the project by using
@EnableAutoConfiguration annotation. The entry point of the spring boot application is the
class contains @SpringBootApplication annotation and the main method. Spring Boot
automatically scans all the components included in the project by using @ComponentScan
annotation.
II. Reasons for using Spring Boot Framework
First, it is based on Java, which is one of the world’s most popular programming
languages. Besides that, Spring Boot can help you to quickly build any applications without
having to worry about their safe and correct configuration.
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- Second, Spring Boot has many advantages:
• It inherits the Spring framework’s features
• It creates stand-alone Spring applications that can be started using Java -jar.
• It tests web applications easily with the help of different Embedded HTTP servers
such as Tomcat, Jetty, etc. We don't need to deploy WAR files.
• It provides opinionated 'starter' POMs to simplify our Maven configuration.
• It provides production-ready features such as metrics, health checks, and externalized
configuration.
• There is no requirement for XML configuration.
• It offers a CLI tool for developing and testing the Spring Boot application.
• It offers the number of plug-ins.
• It also minimizes writing multiple boilerplate codes (the code that has to be included
in many places with little or no alteration), XML configuration, and annotations.
• It increases productivity and reduces development time.
III. Java Spring Boot in action: Banking System project summary
The project “Banking system” is a web application for solving financial applications of
a customer in banking environment in order to nurture the needs of an end banking user that
provides the customers of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a
public space without the need for a human clerk or bank taller (manpower). Also, it is more
convenient for the admin of the system to manage accounts of customers and also their
transactions.
The web application was built by using Java Spring Boot, JSP and Bootstrap, however,
with the big help of Java Spring Boot, the speed of our implementation is faster. Actually it is
an excellent platform for Java developers like us to develop a stand-alone and production-
grade spring application that we can just run.
To access the web application, we access http://localhost:8080/
Figure 1: CodersBank Homepage
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- The backend was designed based on the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern with a
few modifications:
● Model: represents the shape of the data. A class in Java is used to describe a model.
Model objects store data retrieved from the database.
● View: The JSP and JSTL syntax provides a simple, clean and lightweight way to
render HTML content based on your view.
● Controller: It is used for request handling. In our project, we divide into 2 layers:
Controller and Service Layers.
The Spring Web model-view-controller (MVC) is designed around a DispatcherServlet
that dispatches requests to handlers, with configurable handler mappings, view resolution,
locale and theme resolution as well as support for uploading files. The default handler is
based on the @Controller and @RequestMapping annotations, offering a wide range of
flexible handling methods. With the introduction of Spring 3.0, the @Controller mechanism
also allows you to create RESTful Web sites and applications, through the @PathVariable
annotation and other features
IV. Development of Banking System
Banking Sytem is a Java web applications have been developed using Java Server Pages
with Servlet by using Java Spring Boot Framework. The development process was divided
into phases: Analysis, design, implementation, and testing. Three first phases are done with
Waterfall. Implementation and Testing are done at the same time and in several sprints using
Agile. Due to the length of this paper, only the most important and outstanding diagrams and
processes will be attached and discussed; more information can be found in the project’s
repository [Appendix 1].
Analysis:
In this application, we have 12 domains as shown in the below ERD.
Figure 2: Banking System’s Entity-Relationship Diagram
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- Design
To develop our project, we decided to use Three-tier Architecture – a client-server
architecture.
Figure 3: Three-tier architecture
This figure describes how MVC (the design pattern that will be specified in detail in the
next section) is implemented in a 3-tier architecture which we use in developing this project.
Backend design and Class Diagram
To easily implement the project, the UML Class Diagram is defined in the Design
phase. The Class Diagram shows how objects will be implemented as well as their
relationships. According to the MVC design pattern and 3-tier architecture we decide to
organize our code by module or feature, because it is more scalable, as your application grows
it will be a lot easier to maintain and navigate through the code if the code is organized
around the module concept. Hence, our Class Diagram will be divided into 4 detail packages:
base package, config package, domains package and Controller package.
Frontend design
The web application is developed using Bootstrap framework version 4. Boostrap is
used for building client applications in HTML, CSS that compiles JavaScript in an JSP (Java
Server Pages) view. JSP is a server-side programming technology that enables the creation of
dynamic, platform-independent methods for the web application and JSTL syntax provides a
simple, clean and lightweight way to render HTML content based on your view.
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- Implementation
Implementation is carried out at the same time for front-end and backend. The front-end
server was developed and tested in Postman with mock API. The backend server was
developed in the same way as to how a normal Java Spring Boot web application is created.
V. Banking System – work results
Within required time working with this project, the project team has released the first
major version of the web application. This release contains a dashboard for each user of the
system along with the functionality to log in, register and manage customers, customer’s
accounts, transactions for administrator and manage accounts, transactions, e-wallets for
customers.
Typical pages:
View All Customers
Create a new Customer
The details of the project can be found in the project’s repository [Appendix 1].
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- VI. Evaluation
Advantages
- The backend of our system is developed with Java Spring Framework which is the
most popular application development framework of Java.
- The frontend is implemented by Bootstrap which is the most popular front-end open
source toolkit.
- This application is designed with reusable JSP UI components that make it clearly,
friendly and easy-to-use.
- We have implemented all the core functions of the typical banking system: Create new
Customers, create new Account, create 3 types of transactions including Transfer to another
account, Charge money from an E-wallet by customer or directly by administrator, or
Withdraw money to their E-wallet.
Limitations
- Our web application cannot provide a strong authentication which is actually
important to a banking system.
- This project requires a long period of time, our team had to spend much time to
research how a banking works and the banking terminology as no one in our team has the
experience in this field.
VII. Conclusion
In recent years, web application development is an area of the Information Technology
industry that constantly evolves, along with the advancement of technologies and tools. Our
product, which is applied a trend of using framework – Java Spring Boot to increase
productivity and save time of configuration. We also use Three-Tier Architecture to our
Banking Management System, which can be improved scalability, enhanced re-usage,
improved data integrity, enhanced security, reduced distribution and also it can hide database
structure. Besides, with MVC design pattern, we employed the Spring Web model-view-
controller (MVC) to build our application.
The resulting web application – Coders Bank is not a perfect version of a banking
system, this website cannot serve a larger number of users at the same time, the functions are
not completed enough but it still satisfied the basic requirements for a typical banking system
in real life. In the future, our team will improve its features and bring out more advancement
in order to enhance the performance and usability of this web application.
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- REFERENCES
[1] Spring Boot, 2021 VMware, Inc. or its affiliates, referenced from
https://spring.io/projects/spring-boot
[1] dzone.com. 2017. What Is N-Tier Architecture? - Dzone Devops. [online] Available
at: [Accessed 6 May 2020].
APPENDIX
[1] Project repository: https://github.com/2021FIT-SE2/banking-system.git
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