Chapter 3: Representing Knowledge in Computer

Chapter 3 Representing Knowledge in Computer K216 C: Studies on Intelligence School of Knowledge Science JAIST TuBao Ho 1 Outline of chapter 3 1. Introduction  Representing knowledge  Metrics for assessing knowledge representation schemes 2. Logic representation 3. Inference rules 4. Semantics networks 5. Frames and Scripts 6. Decision trees 2 Introduction  declarative knowledge is knowledge about things  location of JAIST, its transport links  “JAIST is in Tatsunokuchi”, “Hokuriku Railroad Ishikawa line goes from Nomachi to Tsurugi”  procedural knowledge is knowledge about how to do things  how to get to JAIST  “Take the Hokuriku Railroad, Ishikawa line to go to Tsurugi”, “Get on the JAIST shuttle” 3 Introduction  domain-specific knowledge: specific knowledge on a particular subject Example: “JAIST shuttle goes from Tsurugi to JAIST”  domain-independent knowledge: general knowledge that applies throughout our experience Example: “shuttle bus is a means of transport”  Common sense: common knowledge about that is possessed by every schoolchild. It is human but not for machine the world evident for Example: “Bird can fly” 4 Introduction  In order to make use of knowledge in AI and intelligent systems we need to get it from the source (knowledge acquisition) and represent it in a form usable by the machine  Human knowledge is usually expressed through language, which cannot be accurately understood by machine  The representation of knowledge in computer must therefore be both appropriate for the computer to use and allow easy and accurate encoding from the source 5 ... - tailieumienphi.vn