VoIP IN THE PUBLIC NETWORKS1 VoIP technology is currently mature enough to be implemented in public networks (PSTN, cable TV [CATV], etc.), at least for long-distance telecommunications services to both residential and corporate customers. Either a private IP-based network (an Intranet) or an IP-based VPN can be used to guarantee the required QoS (call acceptance/drop rate, voice quality, etc.). In order to launch VoIP in the access loop, IP-based local access over digital subscriber line (DSL)