RepoRt CaRd on Food-MaRketing poliCies - A- an analysis oF Food and enteRtainMent CoMpany poliCies RegaRding Food and BeveRage MaRketing to ChildRen

RepoRt CaRd on Food-MaRketing poliCies an analysis oF Food and enteRtainMent CoMpany poliCies RegaRding Food and BeveRage MaRketing to ChildRen This study on corporate policies on the marketing of food to children was conducted, and the report written, by Margo G. Wootan, DSc, Ameena Batada, DrPH, and Ona Balkus. Additional help with data collection and analysis was provided by Arianne Corbett, RD, Lauren McLarney, Seth Coburn, Lindsey Vickroy, and Annalisse Leekley. CSPI and the Nutrition Policy Project The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) is a nonprofit organization based in Washington, D.C. Since 1971, CSPI has been working to improve the public’s health through its work on nutrition, food safety, and alcohol issues. CSPI is supported primarily by the 850,000 subscribers to its Nutrition Action Healthletter and philanthropic foundations. CSPI’s Nutrition Policy Project works with concerned citizens, health professionals, government officials and other nonprofit organizations to strengthen national, state, and local policies and programs to promote healthy eating and reduce obesity. Our goals are to help reduce the illnesses, disabilities, and deaths caused by diet- and obesity-related diseases and conditions, such as heart disease, cancer, high blood pressure, and diabetes. For more information on CSPI’s projects and other policies to promote healthy eating and reduce obesity, visit www.cspinet.org/nutritionpolicy. © MARCH 2010 For more information, model policies, and other materials, contact: MARGO G. WOOTAN, DSc CENTER FOR SCIENCE IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST (CSPI) PHONE: 202 777 8352 FAX: 202 265 4954 EMAIL: NUTRITIONPOLICY@CSPINET.ORG Report Card on Food-Marketing Policies: An Analysis of Food and Entertainment Company Policies Regarding Food and Beverage Marketing to Children is available on-line, free of charge at www.cspinet.org/marketingreportcard. Acknowledgements The Center for Science in the Public Interest deeply appreciates the financial support provided for this report by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Healthy Eating Research project and CSPI members. We thank the members of the Food Marketing Report Card advisory committee for their advice in determining which companies to include in the study, evaluating our assessment/grading criteria, and reviewing the report: angelaCampbell,Jd,llM Georgetown University sanaChehimi,Mph Prevention Institute lisaCraypo,Mph,Rd Samuels & Associates, Inc. loridorfman,drph Berkeley Media Studies Group RobertaFriedman,scM Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity, Yale University Marvingoldberg,phd Penn State University Joshgolin,Ma Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood JeffMcintyre,Ma Children NOW suzenMoeller,phd American Medical Association ellenWartella,phd University of California, Riverside laurieWhitsel,phd American Heart Association Makanithemba-nixon Praxis Project Food-MaRketing poliCy RepoRt CaRd1 gRade CoMpanies — Mars, Inc. QUBO Venture, LLC; Procter & Gamble Company (Pringles) Nestlé USA; Kraft Foods Global, Inc.; Cadbury Adams USA, LLC; Hershey Company; Dunkin’ Brands; General Mills, Inc. Post Foods, LLC; PepsiCo Inc.; Public Broadcasting Service (PBS); Coca-Cola Company Walt Disney Company (including ABC, Funschool, and Pixar); Burger King Corporation; Campbell Soup Company; Sesame Workshop; Hostess Brands, Inc.; Kellogg Company; ConAgra Foods, Inc. (Chef Boyardee, Kid Cuisine, Peter Pan) gRade CoMpanies Unilever (Popsicle, Skippy); Highlights for Children, Inc.; Dannon Company; McDonald’s USA, LLC; H.J. Heinz Company (Bagel Bites); Viacom International Inc. (Nickelodeon) Sunny Delight Beverages Co.; Krispy Kreme Doughnut Corporation; Cartoon Network; Ruby Tuesday, Inc. Doctor’s Associates Inc. (Subway); Yum! Brands, Inc. (KFC, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell); CEC Entertainment Concepts, L.P. (Chuck E. Cheese’s) — Bob Evans Farms, Inc.; CBS Corporation; American Dairy Queen Corporation; Discovery Communications, LLP; Mattel, Inc.; NBC Universal, Inc.; Univision Communications Inc.; Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. (New Line Cinemas) 20th Century Fox Activision (Sierra Studios, video games) Alloy Media and Marketing (Channel One) AMC Entertainment American Girl Magazine American Greetings Corporations Arby’s Restaurant Group, Inc. Blizzard Entertainment (video games) Blue Sky Studios (Ice Age, Robots) Boys’ Life Magazine Brinker International (Chili’s Grill & Bar) Buffalo Wild Wings Grill & Bar Cajun Operating Company (Church’s Chicken) Carmike Cinemas, Inc. Cheesecake Factory Assets Co. LLC Chick-fil-A, Inc. Cinemark USA, Inc. Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. CKE Restaurants, Inc. (Carl’s Jr., Hardee’s) Darden Concepts, Inc. (Red Lobster, Olive Garden, Longhorn Steakhouse) Denny’s, Inc. DineEquity, Inc. (Applebee’s, IHOP) Domino’s Pizza E.W. Scripps Company (Peanuts Comic) Electronic Arts, Inc. (video games) Golden Corral Girls’ Life Acquisition Co. (magazine) Hansen Beverage Company Hasbro, Inc. HIT Entertainment Limited (Barney, Bob the Builder, Thomas the Train) Hollywood Theaters, Inc. HP Hood LLC Jack in the Box Inc. Kerasotes ShowPlace Theatre Kids Discover (magazine) Klutz (crafts and games) LFP Publishing, LLC (Tips & Tricks Magazine) Little Caesar Enterprises, Inc. Lucasfilm Ltd. Major League Soccer, L.L.C. Marcus Corporation (movie theater) Marvel Characters, Inc. McKee Foods Corporation (Little Debbie snack cakes) MGA Entertainment, Inc. (Bratz) Microsoft Corporation (XBox) MLB Advanced Media, L.P. (Major League Baseball) National Amusements Inc. (movie theater) National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, Inc. (NASCAR) National Geographic Society (National Geographic Kids) National Hockey League National Wildlife Federation (Wild Animal Baby Magazine,Your Big Backyard Magazine, Ranger Rick) NBA Properties, Inc. NFL Enterprises LLC Nintendo of America, Inc. OSI Restaurant Partners, LLC (Outback Steakhouse) Panda Restaurant Group, Inc. (Panda Express) Panera Bread Papa John’s International, Inc. Pearson Education, Inc. (Fun Brain) Perfetti Van Melle S.p.A. (Airheads) Perkins & Marie Callender’s Inc. Pilgrim’s Pride Corporation Pinnacle Foods Group LLC (Aunt Jemima, Lender’s, Duncan Hines) Pokémon Company Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen (AFC Enterprises, Inc.) QIP Holder LLC (Quiznos) Rave Motion Pictures, LLC Red Robin International, Inc. Regal Entertainment Group Romano’s Macaroni Grill Ryan’s Restaurant Group, Inc. (Hometown Buffet/Old Country Buffet) Sara Lee Corporation Scholastic Inc. Schwan’s Home Service, Inc. Sizzler Restaurants SONIC Corp. Sony Corporation of America (Play Station, Sony Motion Pictures) Sunkist Growers, Inc. T.G.I. Friday’s Inc. Texas Roadhouse, Inc. Time Inc. (Sports Illustrated for Kids, Time for Kids) Topps Company, Inc. (Bazooka, Ring Pop, Baby Bottle Pop) Waffle House, Inc. Wendy’s International Inc. Whataburger Restaurants LP World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. Zoobooks 1 Within each grade, companies are listed from highest to lower scores. RepoRt CaRd on Food-MaRketing poliCies Summary The National Academies’ Institute of Medicine (IOM) concluded that television food advertising affects children’s food choices, food purchase requests, diets, and health. Yet,companiesspendapproximately$2billionayearonmarketingfoodsandbeverages to children, mostly for foods high in calories, fats, sugars, and sodium, and low in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and key nutrients. In 2008, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) recommended that “all companies that marketfoodorbeverageproductstochildren[should]adoptandadheretomeaningful nutrition-based standards for marketing their products” and that marketing include all advertising and promotional techniques. In the past few years, a number of food and entertainment companies have announced policies on food marketing to children independently or through the CouncilofBetterBusinessBureaus’(CBBB)Children’sFoodandBeverageAdvertising Initiative (CFBAI). This report examines whether companies that market food to children have adopted a policy on marketing to children, and if so, the adequacy of that policy. The report does not assess whether companies complied with their policies in practice. Duringthesummerof2009,CSPIstaffconductedtelephoneinterviewsandsearched company Web sites, articles in the Nexis news service, and used Google keyword searches to collect company policies on marketing to children. We evaluated food andbeveragemanufacturers,chainrestaurants,andentertainmentcompaniesthat marketfoodtochildren.Weassessedpoliciesformarketingtochildrenundertheage of 12 years old and for marketing in elementary and secondary schools. Although some children in middle schools and all children in high an analysis oF Food and enteRtainMent CoMpany poliCies RegaRding Food and BeveRage MaRketing to ChildRen schools are not under 12, schools are a unique space that should be free of the marketing of low-nutrition foods. We evaluated the strength of the companies’ nutrition standards, scope of media covered by their policies, and their definitions for “child-directed” media. Of the 128 companies analyzed, two-thirds (68%) did not have a policy for food marketingtochildren.Amuch largerproportionoffoodandbeveragemanufacturers (64%)hadmarketingpoliciesthandidrestaurants(24%) orentertainmentcompanies(22%). No company received an A for its policy. The company “All companies that market food or beverage products to children [should] adopt and adhere to meaningful nutrition-based standards for marketing their products” and that marketing should include all advertising and promotional techniques. –Federal Trade Commission, 2008 with the strongest policy was Mars, which received a B+. The Mars policy did not allow for its products to be marketedtochildrenunder12yearsoldandcoveredmost ofthekeymediaapproachesused to reach children (with the exception of on-package marketing and most marketing in high schools). Food and Beverage Manufacturers (n) Chain Restaurants (n) Entertainment Companies (n) Companies with marketing policies Of companies with policies, % with nutrition standards or did not allow marketing of any foods 64% (18) 94% (17) 24% (10) 50% (5) 22% (13) 46% (6) The only entertainment company to get a B was Qubo Venture (which has a television channel, Web site, and broadcasts its programming on NBC Saturday mornings, ION Television, and Telemundo). Qubo had a comprehensive policy, applying reasonably good nutrition standards to its full range of marketing. One food company received a B, six got a B-, 17 got a C, and 7 a D. Ninety-five companies received an F; of those, eight had very weak marketing policies and 87 did not have a policy. Foodmanufacturersandrestaurantsweremorelikelytohavepoliciesfortelevision,radio, print, the company’s own Web site, advertising on third-party Internet sites, product placement, and use of licensed characters in advertising. The companies were less likely to have policies or policies were weaker for digital marketing,on-package promotions,andmarketingprogramsinschools. Eight in ten entertainment companies (45 companies) did not have a food marketing policy. When they did, those policies were generally more limited in scopethanwerethepoliciesoffoodandbeverage manufacturers.Ifentertainmentcompanies had a marketing policy, itmostlikelyaddressedtheuseoflicensedcharacters.Policiesgenerally were weaker or did not exist for television, radio, print,company Websites,otherdigitalmedia,andproductplacement.Forexample, the Cartoon Network applied nutrition standards to the licensing of its characters, but not to its television advertising or Web site, which are the primary means by which it markets to children. Of the companies with policies for marketing to children, almost all (94%) of the food and beverage manufacturers surveyed had nutrition standards or had policies not to market any of their products to children under12yearsofage.Fiftypercentofrestaurantsand46%ofentertainment companies with marketing policies had nutrition standards. ... - tailieumienphi.vn