GSM Switching, Services and Protocols P13

GSM Switching, Services andProtocols: SecondEdition.Jorg Eberspacher, Hans-Jorg Vogel and Christian Bettstetter Copyright q 2001 John Wiley & Sons Ltd GSM Print ISBN 0-471-49903-X Online ISBN 0-470-84174-5 Switching, Services and Protocols Second Edition GSM Switching, Services and Protocols Second Edition Jorg EberspaÈcher Technische Universitat MuÈnchen, Germany Hans-Jorg Vogel The Fantastic Corporation, Switzerland and Christian Bettstetter Technische Universitat MuÈnchen, Germany JOHN WILEY & SONS, LTD Chichester . New York . Weinheim . Brisbane . Singapore . Toronto Originally published in the German language by B. G. Teubner GmbH as ``Jorg Eberspacher/Hans-Jorg Vogel/Christian Bettstetter: GSM Global System for Mobile Communication. 3. Au¯age (3rd edition)``. q B. G. 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GSM Switching, Services andProtocols: SecondEdition.Jorg Eberspacher, Hans-Jorg Vogel and Christian Bettstetter Copyright q 2001 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Print ISBN 0-471-49903-X Online ISBN 0-470-84174-5 Contents Preface for Second Edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Digital, Mobile, Global: Evolution of Networks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Classi®cation of Mobile Communication Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 Some GSM Historyand Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.4 Overview of the Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2 The Mobile Radio Channel and the Cellular Principle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.1 Characteristics of the Mobile Radio Channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2 Separation of Directions and Duplex Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.1 FrequencyDivision Duplex 1FDD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.2.2 Time Division Duplex 1TDD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.3 Multiple Access Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.3.1 FrequencyDivision Multiple Access 1FDMA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.3.2 Time Division Multiple Access 1TDMA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.3.3 Code Division Multiple Access 1CDMA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.3.3.1 Direct Sequence CDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.3.3.2 FrequencyHopping CDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.3.4 Space Division Multiple Access 1SDMA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.4 Cellular Technology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.4.1 Fundamental De®nitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.4.2 Signal-to-Noise Ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.4.3 Formation of Clusters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.4.4 Traf®c Capacityand Traf®c Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3 SystemArchitecture and Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 3.1 General Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 3.2 Addresses and Identi®ers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.2.1 International Mobile Station Equipment Identity1IMEI). . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.2.2 International Mobile Subscriber Identity1IMSI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.2.3 Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number 1MSISDN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.2.4 Mobile Station Roaming Number 1MSRN). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.2.5 Location Area Identity1LAI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.2.6 TemporaryMobile Subscriber Identity1TMSI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.2.7 Local Mobile Subscriber Identity1LMSI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.2.8 Cell Identi®er 1CI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.2.9 Base Transceiver Station IdentityCode 1BSIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.2.10 Identi®cation of MSCs and Location Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 vi Contents 3.3 System Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.3.1 Mobile Station 1MS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.3.2 Radio Network ± Base Station Subsystem 1BSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.3.3 Mobile Switching Network 1MSS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.3.3.1 Mobile Switching Center 1MSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.3.3.2 Home and Visitor Registers 1HLR and VLR) . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.3.4 Operation and Maintenance 1OMSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3.3.4.1 Network Monitoring and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3.3.4.2 User Authentication and Equipment Registration . . . . . . . . . . 40 3.4 Subscriber Data in GSM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 3.5 PLMN Con®gurations and Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.5.1 Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3.5.2 Con®gurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 4 Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 4.1 Bearer Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 4.2 Teleservices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 4.2.1 Voice 50 4.2.2 Fax Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 4.2.3 Short Message Service 1SMS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4.3 SupplementaryServices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4.3.1 SupplementaryServices of Phase 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 4.3.2 SupplementaryServices of Phase 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 4.4 GSM Services of Phase 2+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5 Air Interface ± Physical Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5.1 Logical Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5.1.1 Traf®c Channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5.1.2 Signaling Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 5.1.3 Example: Connection Setup for Incoming Call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 5.1.4 Bit Rates, Block Lengths, and Block Distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 5.1.5 Combinations of Logical Channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 5.2 Physical Channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5.2.1 Modulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5.2.2 Multiple Access, Duplexing, and Bursts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 5.2.3 Optional FrequencyHopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 5.2.4 Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 5.3 Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 5.3.1 Frequencyand Clock Synchronization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 5.3.2 Adaptive Frame Synchronization 74 5.4 Mapping of Logical Channels onto Physical Channels 75 5.4.1 26-Frame Multiframe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.4.2 51-Frame Multiframe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.5 Radio Subsystem Link Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 5.5.1 Channel Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 5.5.1.1 Channel Measurement during Idle Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 5.5.1.2 Channel Measurement during a Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 5.5.2 Transmission Power Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 5.5.3 Disconnection due to Radio Channel Failure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 5.5.4 Cell Selection and Operation in Power Conservation Mode . . . . . . . . . 90 5.5.4.1 Cell Selection and Cell Reselection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 5.5.4.2 Discontinuous Reception. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 5.6 Power-up Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 ... - tailieumienphi.vn