Some experts started working on, or maybe we should say dreaming about, third generation mobile communications in the mid-1980s, even before second generation mobile communications took shape in GSM. UMTS was invented then. It was initially just a vague concept, something which had to one day take over from GSM and therefore had to be superior to GSM. There was also a view that the capacity of GSM would be exhausted just after a few years and that UMTS should thus follow very quickly. This was n