The Permanent Nucleus in the CEPT Environment Bernard Mallinder 1 ´ During late 1985 the CEPT Groupe Special Mobile (GSM) decided that in the interest of maintaining speed and quality in the development of the technical recommendations, a central support function was required. The mandate for this unit was agreed in early 1986 and the ‘‘Permanent Nucleus’’ (PN) of the GSM was created. The approach and mandate of the unit built on the successful experience that the CEPT had had in the rapid devel