The operational amplifier (Op Amp) is one of the versatile electronic circuits. It can be used to perform the basic mathematical operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They can also be used to do integration and differentiation. There are several electronic circuits that use an op amp as an integral element. Some of these circuits are amplifiers, filters, oscillators, and flip-flops. In this chapter, the basic properties of op amps will be discussed. The non-ideal chara