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- E-GOVERNMENT
IMPLEMENTATION
STRATEGIES
Salvator NIYIBIZI
DIRECTOR EGOV
RITA
- CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION
• SITUATION ANALYSIS
• CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS AND
CAUSE OF FAILURE
• LOGICAL FRAMEWORK AND E-GOV
PROJECTS
• CONCLUSION
- 1.INTRODUCTION(Con’d)
Broadly defined, Electronic Government (e-Government) is the use of ICT:
- to promote more efficient and effective government’s activities,
- to facilitate accessibility to government services,
- to allow greater public access to information, and
- to make government more accountable to citizens.
e-Government involves delivering services via the Internet, telephone,
electronic media, community centers (self-service
or facilitated by others), wireless devices or other communications systems
- 1.INTRODUCTION(Con’d)
e-Government as a driver of growth and
development can help in the realization of
the PRSP within Vision 2020 .
Particularly, e-Government will inter alia:
– improve services and convenience to citizens;
– improve the productivity (and efficiency) of government agencies;
– create a more accountable government;
– increase transparency and fight corruption;
- 2.SITUATION ANALYSIS
2.1 Strength
2.2 Weaknesses
2.3 Opportunities
2.4 Threats
- 2.1. Strengths
-There is a political will in support of ICT
-The national ICT Policy:NICI II
-There are some legislative and regulatory framework
-There is supportive tax on ICT equipments
-Mobile tele-density and internet usage is improving at impressive/high rate
-ICT in schools,universities and other institutions is improving
- 2.2. Weaknesses
• Difficulties in attracting, recruiting and retaining skilled ICT personnel
• Inadequate budgetary allocations and poor prioritization.
• Erratic and unstable power supply. Most of rural communities do not have
electricity.
• Most of the offices are not networked and interconnected through
LAN/WAN
• Insufficient number of ICT equipments including computers. Some
Ministries do not have PABXs
- 2.2. Weaknesses(con’d)
• Most used computers are mainly utilized. They are mainly used
as word processors
• Limited usage of Internet and email facilities, with only few
computers connected.
• ICT implementation in key functional areas such as health,
banking, procurement, education, commerce, etc are still minimal
or lacking.
• Connectivity is concentrated in the capital city and a few major
towns
• Limited and expensive bandwidth.
- 2.2. Weaknesses(con’d)
• There is duplication of efforts in some ICT projects
• Illiteracy and language barriers for most rural communities.
• Lack of local content that is readily available and relevant to the needs of
the majority of Rwandans
• Lack of awareness about ICT and the benefits of e-government in both
urban and rural areas
• Lack of supportive legal framework such as for the protection of
intellectual property rights, database protection, informational privacy and
electronic transactions.
- 2.2. Weaknesses(end)
• The mainly static web sites available in government
ministries are seldom updated.
• There are inadequate standards and guidelines for ICT
in general including training, career development,
information security and devices.
- 2.3.Opportunities
• Visible leadership/political willing from the top leaders
to local ones
• Rwanda should optimally utilize the regional initiative
on e-Government under the auspices of the EAC
• Utilization of backbone projects such as East African
Marine cable. EAC digital transmission and Comtel (for
COMESA)
- 2.4.THREATS
• Cyber crime and cyber terrorism.
• Undefined cross-border jurisdiction for cyber litigation.
• Reliance on imported hardware and software.
• Reliance on foreign funding.
• Reliance/trust on foreign expertise to undertake studies and
implement strategies.
• Fast changing technology
- CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
• Political will or e-leadership is a prerequisite for any and all e-government
objectives. E-leaders should build political support across government,
push for change and resources, publicly take “ownership” of the projects
and commit their time on a sustained basis. Without ongoing, active
political leadership, the financial resources, inter-agency coordination,
policy changes and human effort required to plan and implement e-
government will not be sustained.
• The government’s willingness to share information with the public and
across government agencies/departments and at different levels within
them, as well as to address the gender issues associated with
information sharing strategy. Smooth, rapid information-sharing enables
government to take a more functional approach to services, as opposed
to the usual department-by-department approach. A government’s
information policies are a key readiness consideration.
- CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS(con’d)
• Telecommunications infrastructure: The level of telecommunications
infrastructure needed will depend on the e-government projects pursued.
Significant investment in national ICT infrastructure in a coordinated
approach will be needed to realize e-government applications.
• Promotion of connectivity and ICT usage by government. ICT
infrastructure within Government agencies should be overhauled.
• Human capital within government: Sufficient numbers of skilled, ICT
literate personnel (including managers with experience in procuring,
evaluating and implementing ICT solutions) are essential. Not everything
can or should be outsourced to the private sector.
• Funding for the e-government pilot projects such as e-Government
kiosks, inter-ministerial network and setting up the e-Government
infrastructure (in particular the metadata and portal models)
- CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS(con’d)
• Promulgation of relevant laws and regulations. Establishing
protections and legal reforms will be needed to ensure, among
other things, the privacy, security and legal recognition of
electronic interactions and electronic signatures.
• Expansion of national electricity grid and promotion of alternative
energy sources.
• Change management issues must also be addressed as new
work practices are introduced. The level of resistance to change
and level of involvement by officials in setting policies and
practices will greatly impact how fast or smooth the
implementation of e-government will be.
- CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR (con’d)
• Establishment of a communication strategies to ensure
that people understand the vision, the changes that will
occur and the tangible benefits for them from e-
Government. e-Government budgets must therefore
include funds to promote and publicize projects through
various media channels (e.g. radio, posters, public
meetings, newspapers). Without promotion, the target
audience may not learn about the project or use it. And
without a large number of people benefiting from the
project, the benefits will not be sufficient to justify the
costs
- CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS(end)
• Development of a strong public-private partnership (PPP) and
outsourcing guidelines for government agencies
- CAUSES OF FAILURE
• POOR PROJECT PLANNING
• POOR STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVMENT
• IMPOSSIBLE PROJECT MISSION (BAD
CONSULTANCY)
• RESISTANCE TO CHANGE
• IT PROJECT ORIENTATION
• INDIVIDUALIZATION OF PROJECT
• PROCEDURAL LOOPS
• PLANNED FUTURE INTEGRATION
• Etc.
- 4. LOGICAL FRAMEWORK AND E-
GOV PROJECT
(Updated August 2007)
SEE ANNEX 1
- REALIZATION AND MAIN ON
GOING E-GOV PROJECTS
• GOVNET PROJECT
• NATIONAL ID PROJECT
• SMARTGOV PROJECT
• VIDEOCONFERENCING PROJECT
• HRMS PROJECT
• TELEMEDECINE
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