Department of Defense Energy Manager’s Handbook phần 1

Department of Defense Energy Manager’s Handbook Prepared for the Office of Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (ODUSD) Installations and Environment (I&E) Washington, D.C. In support of Western Power Grid Peak Demand and Energy Reduction Program Prepared by Intuitive Research & Technology Corporation Huntsville, AL 35806 August 25, 2005 Table of Contents Table of Contents................................................................................................................ii Executive Summary...........................................................................................................vi Acknowledgements...........................................................................................................vii Part I Organizing For Energy Management........................................................................ 1 1. Introduction to DoD Energy Management ................................................................... 1 1.1. Key Points............................................................................................................ 1 1.2. Energy Management Challenges......................................................................... 1 1.3. Develop Integrated Conservation Program.......................................................... 1 1.4. Benefits of Energy Conservation......................................................................... 7 2. DoD Energy Programs, Policies, and Goals................................................................. 9 2.1. Key Points............................................................................................................ 9 2.2. Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD)........................................................... 9 2.3. Overview of DoD Energy Policies .................................................................... 10 2.4. DoD Energy Consumption Reduction Goals..................................................... 11 Part II Starting an Energy Management Program............................................................. 17 3. DoD Installation Energy Management Team............................................................. 17 3.1. Key Points.......................................................................................................... 17 3.2. Team Concept.................................................................................................... 17 3.3. Installation Energy Manager.............................................................................. 17 3.4. Installation Commander..................................................................................... 19 3.5. Installation Energy Management Team/Steering Group/Board ........................ 20 3.6. Informal Working Relationships With Key Individuals.................................... 22 3.7. Additional Help From Other Organizations ...................................................... 25 3.8. Resource Efficiency Manager............................................................................. 27 4. Energy Conservation Program Planning..................................................................... 29 4.1. Key Points.......................................................................................................... 29 4.2. Planning............................................................................................................. 29 4.3. Establishing Energy and Water Savings Targets............................................... 30 4.4. Programming, Designing, and Constructing...................................................... 31 4.5. Managing to Achieve DoD Energy Goals......................................................... 32 4.6. Developing Conservation Projects..................................................................... 32 4.7. Energy Security/Flexibility................................................................................ 34 5. Energy Awareness ..................................................................................................... 35 5.1. Key Points......................................................................................................... 35 5.2. Program Purpose................................................................................................ 35 25 Aug 05 ii 5.3. Awareness Basics............................................................................................... 36 5.4. Program Design ................................................................................................. 37 5.5. Action-Oriented Messages................................................................................. 38 5.6. Publicity Tools and Techniques......................................................................... 39 5.7. Evaluating Program Effectiveness..................................................................... 41 6. Energy Accounting and Management Reporting........................................................ 42 6.1. Key Points.......................................................................................................... 42 6.2. Defense Utility Energy Reporting System........................................................ 42 6.3. Army DUERS Data Energy System (RADDS)................................................. 43 6.4. Navy Data Management ................................................................................... 43 6.5. Air Force DUERS............................................................................................. 44 6.6. Facility Energy Program Reporting Requirements............................................ 44 7. Energy and the Environment ..................................................................................... 46 7.1. Key Points.......................................................................................................... 46 7.2. The Energy and Environmental Connection...................................................... 46 7.3. Waste-to-Energy Technology............................................................................ 51 Part III Energy and Water Conservation........................................................................... 59 8. Energy Conservation in New Construction............................................................... 59 8.1. Key Points.......................................................................................................... 59 8.2. Federal Energy Codes for New Construction.................................................... 59 8.3. DOE Code Compliance Materials ..................................................................... 60 8.4. Sustainable Building Design.............................................................................. 60 8.5. Design, Installation, and Commissioning of Building....................................... 61 9. Energy Auditing.......................................................................................................... 63 9.1. Key Points.......................................................................................................... 63 9.2. Purpose of the Energy Audit.............................................................................. 63 9.3. Types of Energy Audits..................................................................................... 65 9.4. Energy Audit Strategies..................................................................................... 67 9.5. Preparing for an Energy Audit........................................................................... 69 9.6. Organizing the Audit Team ............................................................................... 69 9.7. Performing the Audit......................................................................................... 70 9.8. Energy Audit Tools............................................................................................ 71 9.9. The Audit Report............................................................................................... 73 10. Metering...................................................................................................................... 75 10.1. Key Points .........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 10.2. Utility Metering at Federal Facilities ................Error! Bookmark not defined. 10.3. Policy Guidelines ..............................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 10.4. Traditional Metering..........................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 10.5. Advanced Metering...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 10.6. Funding Resources............................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 10.7. Other Publications.............................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 25 Aug 05 iii 11. Energy Conservation in Existing Systems.................................................................. 83 11.1. Key Points ........................................................................................................ 83 11.2. Reducing Energy Use and Cost........................................................................ 83 11.3. Utilities............................................................................................................. 84 11.4. Energy Conservation Measures....................................................................... 85 11.5. Energy System Maintenance.......................................................................... 109 11.6. Electrical Load Reduction.............................................................................. 122 11.7. References....................................................................................................... 123 12. Alternative, Renewable, and Clean Energy............................................................. 124 12.1. Key Points ..................................................................................................... 124 12.2. Background ................................................................................................... 124 12.3. Solar Energy................................................................................................... 126 12.4. Geothermal Energy......................................................................................... 129 12.5. Wind Energy................................................................................................... 132 12.6 Biomass.......................................................................................................... 133 12.7 Distributed Energy Generation....................................................................... 134 12.8. DOE’s FEMP Renewable Energy Program ................................................... 135 13. Water Conservation ................................................................................................. 136 13.1. Key Points ...................................................................................................... 136 13.2. DoD Water Situation...................................................................................... 136 13.3. Water Management ........................................................................................ 138 13.4. Water Conservation Methods......................................................................... 139 14. Funding Energy and Water Conservation Projects................................................... 151 14.1. Key Points ...................................................................................................... 151 14.2. Sources of Funding......................................................................................... 151 14.3. Government Funding Sources........................................................................ 151 14.4. Utility Funding Sources.................................................................................. 154 14.5. Energy Savings Performance Contracting ..................................................... 157 Part IV Analyzing Energy Projects................................................................................. 163 15. Life-Cycle Costing.................................................................................................... 163 15.1. Key Points ...................................................................................................... 163 15.2. Background .................................................................................................... 163 15.3. LCC Terminology and Concepts.................................................................... 164 15.4. Making Decisions With LCC Analysis.......................................................... 169 15.5. Life-Cycle Cost Summary for Funding Requests........................................... 171 15.6. Resources to Support Energy LCC Analyses................................................. 171 16. Using Software Tools ............................................................................................... 175 16.1. Key Points ...................................................................................................... 175 16.2. Federal Software............................................................................................. 175 16.3. Commercial Software..................................................................................... 184 25 Aug 05 iv Part V Service Energy Programs .................................................................................... 185 17. Army Energy Programs ............................................................................................ 185 17.1. Army Energy Program.................................................................................... 185 17.2. Department of the Army Energy Management Organization......................... 185 17.3. Army Energy Goals........................................................................................ 187 17.4. Army Energy Management Support............................................................... 187 17.5. Energy Retrofit Support ................................................................................. 188 17.6. Army Energy Research & Development Plan................................................ 189 17.7. Energy Security (Contingency) Program........................................................ 190 18. Department of Navy Energy Programs..................................................................... 191 18.1. Navy Energy Management Offices ................................................................ 191 19. Air Force Energy Programs...................................................................................... 194 19.1. Air Force Energy Management Offices.......................................................... 194 19.2. Air Force Energy Policies/Goals.................................................................... 196 19.3. Air Force Facilities Energy Program............................................................. 197 20. Defense Energy Support Center (DESC).................................................................. 204 20.1. Defense Energy Support Center Mission....................................................... 204 20.2. History............................................................................................................ 204 20.3. DESC Organizations....................................................................................... 205 20.4. Worldwide Energy Conference ...................................................................... 207 20.5. DoD’s Centralized Natural Gas Program....................................................... 207 20.6. Contact Information........................................................................................ 208 21. Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP)....................................................... 209 21.1. Federal Energy Management Program Mission............................................. 209 21.2. Services........................................................................................................... 209 21.3. Program Areas................................................................................................ 210 21.4. Additional Resources...................................................................................... 212 Appendix A: Glossary..................................................................................................... 214 Appendix B: Frequently-Asked Questions..................................................................... 220 Appendix C: Energy-Related Organizations .................................................................. 223 Appendix D: Energy Audit Guidelines/Checklists......................................................... 233 Appendix E: Suggested Professional Library and Resource Guide................................ 241 Appendix F: References.................................................................................................. 242 25 Aug 05 v ... - tailieumienphi.vn