Network Access and Synchronization Overview As we have described in Chapters 3 and 6, the SS/CDMA uses orthogonal CDMA in both uplink and downlink. The orthogonal CDMA can reject the interference between the user traffic channels and thus maximize the system capacity. However, the use of orthogonal CDMA in the uplink requires a network-wide synchronization of all satellite receptions (global synchronization). The accuracy of the synchronization at steadystate and the speed at which synchronization