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ASTRONOMY FOR AMATEURS
BY
CAMILLE FLAMMARION AUTHOR OF POPULAR ASTRONOMY
AUTHORIZED TRANSLATION BY FRANCES A. WELBY
ILLUSTRATED
NEW YORK AND LONDON
D. APPLETON AND COMPANY 1910
Copyright, 1904, by
D. APPLETON AND COMPANY
Published October, 1904
TO
Madame C.R. CAVARÉ
ORIGINAL MEMBER OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF FRANCE
CHÂTEAU DE MAUPERTHUIS
Madame: I have dedicated none of my works, save Stella—offered to the liberal-minded, the free and generous friend of progress, and patron of the sciences, James Gordon Bennett, editor of the New York Herald. In this volume, Madame, I make another exception, and ask your permission to offer it to the first woman who consented to be enrolled in the list of members of the Astronomical Society of France, as foundress of this splendid work, from the very beginning of our vast association (1887); and who also desired to take part in the permanent organization of the Observatory at Juvisy, a task of private enterprise, emancipated from administrative routine. An Astronomy for Women[1] can not be better placed than upon the table of a lady whose erudition is equal to her virtues, and who has consecrated her long career to the pursuit and service of the Beautiful, the Good, and the True.
Camille Flammarion.
Observatory of Juvisy, November, 1903.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
Introduction 1
I. The Contemplation of the Heavens 10
II. The Constellations 28
III. The Stars, Suns of the Infinite. A Journey through Space 56
IV. Our Star the Sun 88
V. The Planets. A. Mercury, Venus, The Earth, Mars 113
VI. The Planets. B. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune 146
VII. The Comets 172
VIII. The Earth 205
IX. The Moon 232
X. The Eclipses 259
XI.
On Methods. How Celestial Distances are Determined, and How
the Sun is Weighed
XII. Life, Universal and Eternal 317
Index 341
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Contemplation Frontispiece
From a painting by Paul Renaud
FIG. PAGE
1. The great Book of the Heavens is open to all eyes 15
2. The earth in space. June solstice, midday 20
3. The Great Bear (or Dipper) and the Pole Star 34
4. To find the Pole Star 35
5. To find Cassiopeia 37
6. To find Pegasus and Andromeda 37
7. Perseus, the Pleiades, Capella 38
8.
To find Arcturus, the Herdsman,
Crown
and the Northern 40
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
The Swan, Vega, the Eagle
The Constellations of the Zodiac: summer and autumn; Capricorn, Archer, Scorpion, Balance, Virgin, Lion
The Constellations of the Zodiac: winter and spring; Crab, Twins, Bull, Ram, Fishes, Water-Carrier
Orion and his celestial companions
Winter Constellations
Spring Constellations
Summer Constellations
Autumn Constellations
41
46
47
48
51
52
53
54
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
The double star Mizar
Triple star ξ in Cancer
Quadruple star ε of the Lyre
Sextuple star θ in the Nebula of Orion
The Star-Cluster in Hercules
The Star-Cluster in the Centaur
...
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