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- International Journal of Management (IJM)
Volume 8, Issue 5, Sep–Oct 2017, pp. 93–100, Article ID: IJM_08_05_010
Available online at
http://www.iaeme.com/ijm/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=8&IType=5
Journal Impact Factor (2016): 8.1920 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
ISSN Print: 0976-6502 and ISSN Online: 0976-6510
© IAEME Publication
A STUDY ON ORGANIZATIONAL STRESS IN
ITES EMPLOYEES WORKING IN MNC
COMPANIES OF TAMILNADU
D Shyamala
Research Scholar Department of Management Studies,
Periyar Maniammai University, Tamilnadu, India
Dr. K.V.R. Rajandran
Associate Professor Department of Management Studies,
Periyar Maniammai University, Tamilnadu, India
ABSTRACT
Organizational stress and organization well being have become issues of excessive
concern over the last span of decade, both Internationally and Nationally. Given the
value of work in this society, the amount of time consumed by people at work and the
current changes that are affecting the nature of work, it is not surprising that work
stress appears to be increasing. There is collective evidence that physical health too,
is adversely affected by repetitive work and dehumanizing environment such as the
stepped assembly line. Stress can arise from separation or from conflict. In the latter
case, it can curtail from conflict with peers, from harassment or discrimination.
Sampling size was taken within ITES MNC companies in Tamilnadu. The data and
information was collected from 178 ITES employees through a pilot study. Simple
random technique was administrated. As to collect the data from the sample
population a structured questionnaire was used. The results indicated that the
majority of employees belong to the age group of 20-25years. The result also showed
that about two-third of ITES employees belong to the monthly income group of Rs
10000- 15000 and the majority of ITES employees are single. One-third of ITES
Employees have the total experience of 1-2 years. The factors influencing the stress
were Inadequate Salary, Over Time, Time Pressure, Work Load, Insufficient holidays,
Night Shift
Key words: MNC Companies, Stress, MNC employees, Tamilnadu, Regression,
Frequency and Percentage Analysis, ANOVA.
Cite this Article: D Shyamala and Dr. K.V.R. Rajandran, A Study on Organizational
Stress in ITES Employees Working in MNC Companies of Tamilnadu. International
Journal of Management, 8 (5), 2017, pp. 93–100.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=8&IType=5
http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 93 editor@iaeme.com
- D Shyamala and Dr. K.V.R. Rajandran
1. INTRODUCTION
Everyone has to go through stress epidemic regardless of age. The stress is inside everybody
but the individual knows how to a control it. Stress did not only conquer human being even
animals go through stress as well. According to Brain researcher Bruce [McEwen,2002;
McEwen &Wingfield 2010] mentioned that it is both a stimulus and a response of a person
that contributes the stress. Human being is a species who has learned how to control the stress
or overcome it by doing activities that reduce the stress level.Selye’s first definition of stress
was “nonspecificneuron endocrine response” of body (Selye 1936,1956,1971,1974,1976)
cited in Sandor, Yvette, and Arpad 2012) Managing the stress in human being would be
difficult task. Scientist has carried out experimental studies and shown numerous ways to
control stress. Stress can also do a positive attitude change in a person when a person
undergoes a stress. Eustress stimulates the systems of the body to function at peak levels. This
can even be the case for the kind of growth that can take place for some people after a crisis
or trauma (Orloff, 2009). The person do better when stress occurs, butat the same time, if the
stress has a negative effect then the result would be reverse action. Mathews, Zeidner, and
Robert(2006), added on that a person ability to read and respond sensitively to interpersonal
situations and to manage feelings effectively which shows the person ability to manage the
stress. This action allows a person not only to deal with internal stress but alsoto prevent
conflict with others. Kottler and David(2011)The rapid changes to the nature of work,
together with definitional changes in the legislation, have paved the way for an alarming rise
in claims that are associated with chronic stress in the workplace. In yester years, stress claims
are mostly associated with the experience of a traumatic and/or life threatening event, such as
violence, injury or a critical incident of some kind. Sivasubramaniam and Rajandran (2017)
mentioned that family contributions do help the person to overcome the stress which assists
the person to overcome the stress by sharing their grievances. In recent years, however, the
number of claims has been steadily increasing and the reported cause for these claims has
moved away from traumatic stress to chronic conditions. This type of stress creates enormous
costs, both financially and in to human-terms, although the costs are difficult to quantify as a
result of misleading statistics, unreported instances, staff turnover and inconsistent recording.
A great deal of work has been done to elucidate the connection of specific job conditions to
physical and/or mental health. The poor mental health was directly related to unpleasant work
conditions such as the necessity to work fast, the exertion of great physical effort and
inconvenient working hours. There is an alarm of increasing evidence that physical health too,
is adversely affected by repetitive work and dehumanizing environment such as the paced
assembly line. Stress can arise from isolation or from conflict. In the latter case, it can stem
from rejection by co-workers, or from perceived discrimination. Contact with the public can
also create stress, especially when it involves prejudice, hostility, or physical danger. With
this background, the present paper was attempted to identify the factors affecting the stress
and influence of stress indicators on levels of organizational stress among the women
employees in ITES MNC Companies in Tamilnadu
1.1. Scope of Study
Every employee responds to stress in a different way, it only by understands the nature of
individual responses that will be useful for fighting stress oneself and others. Reduction or
elimination of stress is necessary for psychological and physical wellbeing of an individual.
The present study will be helpful to extend certain suggestions incorporating the impact of
role stress assessed from the employees and the influence of the stress dimensions of roleset
and space on the same that will enable in throwing upon a diagnostic review on the current
organizational systems and scope for improvements and growth in several areas, that will
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- A Study on Organizational Stress in ITES Employees Working in MNC Companies of Tamilnadu
facilitate in employees growth and development and overall increase in employee
involvement in organizational activities.
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Sangeeta and Nidhi(2013) analyzed on Interrelationships between stress due to Inadequate
Salary and Rewards in Indian army officers. The research carried out among Indian army
officer. The sampling size was 50. The researcher used 5point likert Scale Questionnaire for
primary data collection and used T-Test and Correlation. The researcher found there is a
relationship between the dimensions of marital discord, inadequate salary and rewards were
connected the level of stress rises because of inadequate Salary and rewards, marital discord
also increases. Indian army personnel are dissatisfied with their salary and promotion policies.
Darshani (2014) analyzed on Personality Types and Locus of control as moderators of
stress Conflict management. The researcher reveals these strategies can be either problem
focused on emotional focused Taking decisions are sudden and unexpected. It determines by
Personality and the Locus of control simultaneously Practice makes everyone better.
Sanjeev and Bhukar(2013) done a research on stress level and coping strategies of college
students. The research carried out among Professional students. The sampling size was 60.
The researcher used two-way ANOVA. The researcher revealed the girls had higher level of
stress than boys as the girls have more challenges to follow Indian Orthodox customs,
prevailing in the society. Stress affects the brain with its many nerve connections; the rest of
the body feels the impact as well.
Abdul.et.al (2014) had done research on Job stress and Job Satisfaction among healthcare
professionals. The research carried out among healthcare professionals. The Sampling size
was 620 and used Simple Random Sampling Technique, Linear regression analysis, Pearson
Correlation test. The researcher reveals the current workplace environment could increase the
risk of stress among health care professionals. However the satisfaction rate was high and not
negatively associated with low stress levels.
Sameera, Shaik and Firoz (2016) had done a research on stress management among the
BPO employees in Chennai city. The research was carried among Nationalized BPO
employees in Chennai. The sampling size was 100.The researchers used Percentage analysis
and MS Excel. The researchers found a large number of the employees fear with the fact that
lack quality in their work puts stress on them. It is found that maximum number of employees
in BPO remains in stress. More than half of the employees feel that they are overloaded with
work. Maximum employees feel tensed due to their non-achievement of target work. Half of
the employees accepted that there is fight among the employees. It is a concern for top
management. Feel that plans used by BPO Firms to manage stress of employees are effective.
Majority of the employees try to find solution to relieve them from stress. Average of the
employees practice YOGA or other ways to relieve them from stress, majority of the
employees balance in their social life. Direction and counseling, Quality awareness
Psychological funding should be provided to the employees.
Akbar.et.al (2005) experimented on shift work as an oxidative stressor. The researcher
carried out among oxidative stress. The sampling size was 220 male at age of 36 to 57 yrs.
The researcher revealed shift work can act as an oxidative stressor. A special dietary regimen
including antioxidant agents such as vitamins may be beneficial to shift workers.
Gelles (1980) analyzed on violence in the family and social issues. The researcher
revealed about family violence became increasingly visible and family issue in the decade of
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- D Shyamala and Dr. K.V.R. Rajandran
the seventies. There has been major growth of knowledge in the seventies in this field.
Formerly conventional wisdom and myths prevailed now there are empirical data and tested
Propositions. Data exists on many more aspects of family violence than existed 10 years ago.
Ulas.et.al (2012) analyzed on effect of day and night shift due to oxidative stress and
anxiety symptoms of the nurses. The researchers carried out among nurses. The Sampling size
was 120. The researchers used Independent Sample T-Test, Paired T-Test. The researcher
found Long term influences of oxidative Stress on the health of nurses because of oxidative
has been implicated in the Patho Physiology of a large number of diseases. 24 hours
parameters which have been analyzed in the present study might represent chronobiological
characteristic of nurses.
3. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Today the vast majority of the representatives are encountering worry at work. Adjusting of
work and life ended up plainly troublesome for each representative in any area. An ever
increasing number of representatives are turning towards Stress Management to handle push
issues. Stress Management can empower representatives to enhance their own reaction to
push and empower the association to diminish working environment stressors. The present
issue is to examine the stress among ITES Employees in Tamilnadu
4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4.1. Objective of the Study
The general objective of the present study was understand the factors influencing
organizational stress among ITES employees in Trichy city
To examine thefactors contributing stress among ITES employees.
4.2. Hypotheses of the Study
H0 – There is no significant relationship between inadequate salary and ITES Employees
H0 – There is no significant relationship between Overtime and ITES Employees
H0 – There is no significant relationship between Time Pressure and ITES Employees
H0 – There is no significant relationship between Work Load and ITES Employees
H0 – There is no significant relationship between insufficient holiday and ITES Employees
H0 – There is no significant relationship between Night Shift and ITES Employees
4.3. Area of the Study
Among the different service sectors, ITES sector in Tamilnadu is purposively selected for the
present study. The ITES MNC companies in Tamilnadu are randomly selected and the ITES
employees in the ITES MNC companies are also randomly selected. Thus, the sector and
study area is purposively selected followed by companies and ITES employees have been
selected randomly by adopting Simple random sampling techniques. The data and information
is collected from ITES employees through Pilot Study, structured interview schedule by direct
interview method. The data and information have been collected from 178 ITESEmployees of
ITES MNC companies and pertain to the year 2016-2017.
4.4. Sources of Data
Primary Data: The data and information was collected from the Primary source of ITES
employees through Pilot study and Structured Interview
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- A Study on Organizational Stress in ITES Employees Working in MNC Companies of Tamilnadu
Secondary Data: The data and information was collected from Journals, research papers,
research reports, conference proceedings magazines, newspapers and websites
5. DATA ANALYSIS AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES
5.1. Data Analysis
The data analysis has been done using IBM SPSS 23 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences)
5.2. Statistical Techniques
Descriptive Statistics: In order to identify the various factors which contribute towards
increasing the stress level of ITES Employees in MNC Companies
Multiple Regressions: In order to study the effect of factors affecting ITES Employees and
its impact on stress level in ITES Employees. The functional form of multiple linear
regression models is given below.
The Likert five point scale (strongly agree to strongly disagree) was used to measure the
stress dimensions and stress indicators.
6. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
6.1. Social background of ITES Employees
Social background of ITES employees in MNC Companies is collected for the analysis
purpose and details are listed in table 1. The result shows that majority of the ITES employees
(75.3) are belongs and female (24.7).The majority of the ITES employees 97.8% are belongs
to the age group of 20-25and 2.2% are belongs to 25 -30.The majority (96.1%) of the ITES
employees have completed their UG followed by PG of 2.2 % and Diploma 1.7%.The 96.1%
of ITES employees are having the experience of below 5 years and 5-10 years are 3.9%.The
majority(98.3%) ITES employees are single and 1.7% are married .The majority(84.3%) ITES
employees are 10000-15000, 5000-10000 are 14.6% and 15000 to 20000 are (1.1.%)
Table 1 Social background of ITES Employees in MNC Companies
Age (Fre.)Per Exp Per(Fre.)
20-25 174(97.8) Below 5yr 171(96.1)
25-30 4(2.2) 5 to 10 7(3.9)
Gender Education
Male 134(75.3) UG 171(96.1)
Female 44(24.7) PG 4(2.2)
Diploma 3(1.7)
Marital Status Salary
Single 175(98.3) 5000-10000 26(14.6)
Married 3(1.7) 10000-15000 150(84.3)
15000-20000 2(1.1)
Note: Figure in parenthesis is the Percentage
6.2. Factors Influences Stress level/ ITES Employees in MNC Companies
Table 2 shows frequency and Percentage value of dependent variable namely Induces High
Stress level and the independent variables such as Inadequate Salary, Over Time, Time
Pressure, Work Load, Insufficient holidays, Night Shift
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- D Shyamala and Dr. K.V.R. Rajandran
Table 2
Strongly Agree Neither Disagree Strongly
Factors Influences Stress Agree Agree Disagree
level/ITES nor
disagree
Inadequate Salary 19(10.7) 109(61.2) 33(18.5) 12(6.7) 5(2.8)
Over Time 20(11.2) 110(61.8) 33(18.5) 11(6.2) 4(2.2)
Time Pressure 52(29.2) 88(49.4) 25(14.0) 10(5.6) 3(1.7)
Work Load 26(14.6) 102(57.3) 36(20.2) 10(5.6) 4(2.2)
Insufficient holidays 20(11.2) 110(61.8) 33(18.5) 11(6.2) 4(2.2)
Night Shift 24(13.5) 102(57.3) 36(20.2) 11(6.2) 5(2.8)
The figures in the parentheses are percentage total: primary and computed data
The table No 2 shows that 61.2% of the respondents agreed and 10.7% are strongly
agreed that inadequate salary has induces high stress level on ITES employees. The 61.8% of
the respondents agreed and 11.2% are strongly agreed that Over Time has induces high stress
level on ITES employees.49.4% of the respondents agreed and 29.2% are strongly agreed that
Time Pressure has induces high stress level on ITES employees.The 57.3% of the respondents
agreed and 14.6% are strongly agreed that Work Load has induces high stress level on ITES
employees.61.8% of the respondents agreed and 11.2% are strongly agreed that insufficient
holidays has induces high stress level on ITES employees.57.3% of the respondents agreed
and 13.5% are strongly agreed that Night Shift has induces high stress level on ITES
employees.
6.3. Multiple Regression Analysis
In order to identify the influences of stress level impact (dependent variable) on customer
service Representative of ITES MNC Companies the multiple regression analysis by linear
regression carried out and results presented in table 3
Table 3:Influences of factors on stress level of ITES Employees-Multiple Regression
Stress Factors Standardized t-value Sig.
Coefficient
(Beta)
Stress level in ITES Employees
Stress level increase due to Inadequate .513 3005 .003
Salary
Stress level increase due to Over Time .905 7.101 .000
Stress level increase due to Time .066 1.618 .107
Pressure
Stress level increase due to Work Load -527 -4.629 .000
Stress level increase due to Insufficient -899 -4.773 .000
holidays
Stress level increase due to Night Shift .856 8.556 .000
Dependent Variables stress level in ITES
Employees
**Indicates significant at 1% level
*Indicates significant at 5% level
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- A Study on Organizational Stress in ITES Employees Working in MNC Companies of Tamilnadu
6.4. Results of Multi regression and Hypothesis
H0 – There is no significant relationship between inadequate salary and ITES Employee, The
result shows that B value=0.513, t=3.005 and p=0.003 which is less than 0.05, indicates that
there is strong relationship between the inadequate salary and ITES employee. The null
hypotheses was rejected and alternative hypotheses was accepted.
H0 – There is no significant relationship between Over Time and ITES Employee, The result
shows that B value=.905, t=7.101 and p=0.000 which is less than 0.05, indicates that there is
strong relationship between the Over Time and ITES employee. The null hypothesis was
rejected and an alternative hypothesis was accepted.
H0 – There is no significant relationship between Time Pressure and ITES Employee, The
result shows that B value=.066, t=1.618 and p=0.107 which is more than 0.05, indicates that
there is no significant relationship between the Time Pressure and ITES employee. As such
null hypotheses was accepted and alternative hypotheses was rejected
H0 – There is no significant relationship between Workload and ITES Employee, The result
shows that B value=0.527, t=4.629 and p=0.000 which is less than 0.05, indicates that there is
strong relationship between the Work Load and ITES employee. The null hypothesis was
rejected and alternative hypotheses was accepted.
H0 – There is no significant relationship between insufficient holidays and ITES Employee,
The result shows that B value=0.899, t=4.773 and p=0.000 which is less than 0.05, indicates
that there is strong relationship between the insufficient holidays and ITES employee. The
null hypotheses was rejected and alternative hypotheses was accepted.
H0 – There is no significant relationship between Night Shift and ITES Employee, The result
shows that B value=0.856, t=8.556 and p=0.000 which is less than 0.05, indicates that there is
strong relationship between the Night Shift and ITES employee. The null hypothesis was
rejected and alternative hypotheses was accepted.
Linear regression analysis was done on the independent factors that induce stress level on
the ITES employees. The result shows that co efficient of multiple dimensions R2=0.653 and
adjusted R2=0.653 indicating that the regression model is good fit. It inferred that about
65.3% of the variation in dependent variable (stress level) explained by independent variable
of stress level factors. The stress level increase due to inadequate Salary, Over time, Time
Pressure, Work Load Insufficient holidays, night shift are statistically significant 1%level and
these factor have predict the stress level of ITES Employees
The ANOVA test was carried out to examine the stress level of ITES Employees due to
Night Shift, the F-value of 62.268(p=0.000) indicates that the regression model is good fit
between the stress level of ITES Employees and its independent variables. Hence, we reject
null hypothesis (H0), and accepted the alternative hypothesis. Except of the factor ”Time
Pressure” did not affect the stress level of ITES employee
7. CONCLUSIONS
The objective that was set for this research has shown that the stress factors Inadequate
Salary, Over Time, Time Pressure, Work Load, Insufficient holidays, Night Shift were
influencing the ITES Employees. The Study has also shown that the Time Pressure towards
not affecting the ITES Employees
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- D Shyamala and Dr. K.V.R. Rajandran
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