The evolution of open learning: A review of the transition from pre-e-learning to the era of e-learning
The evolution of open learning: A review of the transition from pre-e-learning to the era of e-learning
This paper offers a summary of the developments that open learning has gone through, from the stages before e-learning emerged to when it carved out a niche position. It first analyzes how open learning moved through five stages, and identifies the characteristics and dominant technology at each stage. The five stages cover the period from correspondence learning in the 19th century to the present era of interactive online learning. It then examines how the term “open learning” has been defined