Xem mẫu
- V d : A f t e r leaving school, I went to university.
(Sau khi hoc xong, toi vdo dai hoc.)
C H U d N G ill • Is anyone here good at sewing
(O day ngiCai nao gidi vi
DANH DONG TLf VA DQNG TLf NGUYEN M A U may?)
M o t so' g i o i tii thucfng theo sau hkng danh dong tCf l a : before
(triidfc k h i ) , after (sau k h i ) , w i t h o u t (ma k h o n g c6), by (bdi, v i ,
I. DANH DQNG TL/ do, bang), about (ve), at (d, ve), to (den, ve), of (ve).
1. C a c h t h a n h l a p b) Sau m o t so' dong tCf
- D o n g tCf t a n cung bang e: bo e t h e m - i n g Vd: • I enjoy s t a y i n g hotels.
Vd: • hope hoping (Toi thich ngu trong khdch san.)
• date dating • I avoid w o r k i n g at the weekend.
- D o n g tCif t a n cung bang nguyen a m + phu a m (T6i trdnh lam viec vdo ngdy nghl cuoi tudn.)
a) M o t a m t i e t : gap doi phu a m cuoi r o i t h e m - i n g M o t so dong tCf t h o n g dung n h a t p h a i dtfcfc theo sau b k n g
Vd: • stop stopping danh dong tii: a d m i t (thCfa n h a n ) , avoid ( t r a n h ) , deny (phu
n h a n , choi), enjoy ( t h i c h ) , f i n i s h (cham duft), postpone (hoan
• rop robbing
l a i ) , put off (hoan l a i ) , keep (tiep tuc), consider (xem x e t ) , t h i n k
b) h a i a m t i e t about ( n g h i ve), dissuss (thao luan), t a l k about ( n o i ve), ...
+ T r o n g a m dr a m t i e t dau: t h e m - i n g
c) L a m chu ngu" hay bo ngOr t r o n g m o t cau
V i du: • 'Usten listening
V d : • S w i m m i n g is m y favorite sport.
• 'offer offering
(Bai Igi la mon the thao toi thich nhat.) (chu ngU)
+ T r o n g a m d a m t i e t sau: gap doi phu a m r o i t h e m - i n g • I f i n d w o r k i n g i n the garden very r e l a x i n g
Vd: • begin beginning (Toi tim thdy rat thodi mdi trong viec Idm vUdn.) (bo ngCf).
• prefer preferring d) Sau m o t so' t h a n h ngu".
- D o n g tCf t a n cung b k n g h a i phu a m : t h e m - i n g V d : • I t ' s no use t a l k i n g to h i m . He doesn't k n o w a n y t h i n g
V i du: • S t a r t starting (Noi chuyen vai hdn cUng vd ich. Hdn chdng biS't diiu gi).
• fold folding • T h i s is an excellent book. I t ' s w o r t h buying.
- D o n g tCr t a n cung b a n g - i e : doi t h a n h y r o i t h e m - i n g (Ddy Id mot quyen sdch xudt sdc. No dang mua.)
Vd: • die dying NhuTng t h a n h ngO" khac l a :
• lie lying • There's no point i n ( w a i t i n g a l l day)
2. C a c h d u n g (Chd doi suot ngdy) chdng ich gi.
D a n h dong tCr diigfc dung: • I t ' s no good (pretending t h a t you understand)
a) Sau g i o i tCr (Anh gid va liieu (cung vd ich)
80 81
- V d : A f t e r leaving school, I went to university.
(Sau khi hoc xong, toi vdo dai hoc.)
C H U d N G ill • Is anyone here good at sewing
(O day ngiCai nao gidi vi
DANH DONG TLf VA DQNG TLf NGUYEN M A U may?)
M o t so' g i o i tii thucfng theo sau hkng danh dong tCf l a : before
(triidfc k h i ) , after (sau k h i ) , w i t h o u t (ma k h o n g c6), by (bdi, v i ,
I. DANH DQNG TL/ do, bang), about (ve), at (d, ve), to (den, ve), of (ve).
1. C a c h t h a n h l a p b) Sau m o t so' dong tCf
- D o n g tCf t a n cung bang e: bo e t h e m - i n g Vd: • I enjoy s t a y i n g hotels.
Vd: • hope hoping (Toi thich ngu trong khdch san.)
• date dating • I avoid w o r k i n g at the weekend.
- D o n g tCif t a n cung bang nguyen a m + phu a m (T6i trdnh lam viec vdo ngdy nghl cuoi tudn.)
a) M o t a m t i e t : gap doi phu a m cuoi r o i t h e m - i n g M o t so dong tCf t h o n g dung n h a t p h a i dtfcfc theo sau b k n g
Vd: • stop stopping danh dong tii: a d m i t (thCfa n h a n ) , avoid ( t r a n h ) , deny (phu
n h a n , choi), enjoy ( t h i c h ) , f i n i s h (cham duft), postpone (hoan
• rop robbing
l a i ) , put off (hoan l a i ) , keep (tiep tuc), consider (xem x e t ) , t h i n k
b) h a i a m t i e t about ( n g h i ve), dissuss (thao luan), t a l k about ( n o i ve), ...
+ T r o n g a m dr a m t i e t dau: t h e m - i n g
c) L a m chu ngu" hay bo ngOr t r o n g m o t cau
V i du: • 'Usten listening
V d : • S w i m m i n g is m y favorite sport.
• 'offer offering
(Bai Igi la mon the thao toi thich nhat.) (chu ngU)
+ T r o n g a m d a m t i e t sau: gap doi phu a m r o i t h e m - i n g • I f i n d w o r k i n g i n the garden very r e l a x i n g
Vd: • begin beginning (Toi tim thdy rat thodi mdi trong viec Idm vUdn.) (bo ngCf).
• prefer preferring d) Sau m o t so' t h a n h ngu".
- D o n g tCf t a n cung b k n g h a i phu a m : t h e m - i n g V d : • I t ' s no use t a l k i n g to h i m . He doesn't k n o w a n y t h i n g
V i du: • S t a r t starting (Noi chuyen vai hdn cUng vd ich. Hdn chdng biS't diiu gi).
• fold folding • T h i s is an excellent book. I t ' s w o r t h buying.
- D o n g tCr t a n cung b a n g - i e : doi t h a n h y r o i t h e m - i n g (Ddy Id mot quyen sdch xudt sdc. No dang mua.)
Vd: • die dying NhuTng t h a n h ngO" khac l a :
• lie lying • There's no point i n ( w a i t i n g a l l day)
2. C a c h d u n g (Chd doi suot ngdy) chdng ich gi.
D a n h dong tCr diigfc dung: • I t ' s no good (pretending t h a t you understand)
a) Sau g i o i tCr (Anh gid va liieu (cung vd ich)
80 81
- e) Sau m o t so dong tCf difgrc theo sau b l i n g gidri tCf to Nhffng d o n g tii t h o n g d u n g k h a c l a : a s k ( y e u c a u ) , beg ( k h a n
cau), expect (cho l a ) .
V d : • I ' m l o o k i n g f o r w a r d to v i s i t i n g you i n J u l y .
(T6i hdn hoan mong dai viec vi^ng th&m anh veto thdng bay.) d) Sau m o t so' t i n h tCf
' I can't get used to d r i v i n g i n London V d : I t ' s difficult to explain how to get there. I t ' s possible to
walk there.
(Toi khong the quen Idi xe d London.)
(That Id khd de gidi thich Idm cdch ndo d&'n ddy. Co thi di
II. DQNG TL/NGUYEN MAU bo din ddy.)
D o n g tCf nguyen mSu difoc dung: e) Sau m a k e v a l e t : t a dung dong tii nguyen mSu k h o n g " t o "
a) Sau m o t so dong tii: (Bare - i n f i n i t i v e or I n f i n i t i v e w i t h o u t "to")
V d : • I can't afford to pay a l l m y b i l l s . Vd:
(Toi khong du khd ndng de trd tdt cd hoa dan cua tdi.) • She made me do the exercise again. (Chu dong, k h o n g c6 "to")
• I hope to see you again soon. (Bd dy Idm tdi Idm lai bdi tap.)
(Toi mong som gdp lai ban.) But:
M o t so dong tii t h o n g dung n h a t diiac theo sau b a n g dong tii • I was made to do t h e exercise again. ( B i dong, v6i "to".)
nguyen m l u l a : (Tdi bi budc Idm lai bdi tap.)
• agree: dong y deices: quyet d i n h need: can • H e l e t me borrow t h e car (chu dong, k h o n g c6 "to".)
• appear: c6 ve expect: h y vong promise: hijfa hen (Hdn cho phep tdi micgn chiec xe.)
• a t t e m p t : co gang help: giiip refuse: tCf choi • I was allowed to borrow t h e car. ("Let" m a n g y n g h i a "cho
• dare: danl manage: xoay scf seem: dircrng nhif phep" k h o n g t h e dung of dang b i dong.)
b) Sau m o t so dong tii c6 bo ngG theo sau ( T o i diJcfc p h e p mUcfn chiec xe.)
V d : • H e advised me to l i s t e n carefully. f) D i e n t a muc dich
(dng ta khuyen toi Idng nghe cdn than.) V d : • I came here to ( i n order to) l e a r n E n g l i s h .
• They i n v i t e d her to have lunch w i t h t h e m . (Tdi dd den ddy de hoc tieng Anh.)
(Ho da moi cd ay dung cam tdi vcfi ho.) • I need more money to buy t h e t h i n g s I w a n t .
M o t so dong tii t h o n g dung n h a t thifofng difcfc dung vdri m o t (Tdi cdn them tien de mua cdc thii tdi ^dn.)
bo nguf v a m o t dong tii nguyen mfiu l a : g) Sau m o t so' dong tii 6\iac theo sau b ^ n g cdc v a n tii, chSng
A l l o w (cho phep), encourage ( k h u y e n k h i c h ) , r e m i n d (nh^c h a n w h a t , w h e r e , who...
n h d ) , teach (day), tell (bao), w a r n (canh cao.) V d : • I didn't k n o w w h a t to do
c) Sau m o t so dong tCr k h i t h i dung v d i bo nguf k h i t h i k h o n g . (Tdi dd khdng biet Idm gi.)
V d : • I w a n t to find out t h e answer. • C a n you t e l l me how to get there?
(Toi muon tim ra cdu trd Idi) ( k h o n g t h e bo nguT: I find out.) (Anh CO the noi cho tdi biit Idm sao din ddy.)
• I w a n t you to find out t h e answer. Sau nhufng dong tCf n a y va nhuTng dong tii khac v d i y n g h i a
(Toi muon anh tim ra cdu trd Idi) ("you" la bo nguf.) tifong t\i, t a CO the dung: how, w h a t , where, w h e n , whether...
82 83
- e) Sau m o t so dong tCf difgrc theo sau b l i n g gidri tCf to Nhffng d o n g tii t h o n g d u n g k h a c l a : a s k ( y e u c a u ) , beg ( k h a n
cau), expect (cho l a ) .
V d : • I ' m l o o k i n g f o r w a r d to v i s i t i n g you i n J u l y .
(T6i hdn hoan mong dai viec vi^ng th&m anh veto thdng bay.) d) Sau m o t so' t i n h tCf
' I can't get used to d r i v i n g i n London V d : I t ' s difficult to explain how to get there. I t ' s possible to
walk there.
(Toi khong the quen Idi xe d London.)
(That Id khd de gidi thich Idm cdch ndo d&'n ddy. Co thi di
II. DQNG TL/NGUYEN MAU bo din ddy.)
D o n g tCf nguyen mSu difoc dung: e) Sau m a k e v a l e t : t a dung dong tii nguyen mSu k h o n g " t o "
a) Sau m o t so dong tii: (Bare - i n f i n i t i v e or I n f i n i t i v e w i t h o u t "to")
V d : • I can't afford to pay a l l m y b i l l s . Vd:
(Toi khong du khd ndng de trd tdt cd hoa dan cua tdi.) • She made me do the exercise again. (Chu dong, k h o n g c6 "to")
• I hope to see you again soon. (Bd dy Idm tdi Idm lai bdi tap.)
(Toi mong som gdp lai ban.) But:
M o t so dong tii t h o n g dung n h a t diiac theo sau b a n g dong tii • I was made to do t h e exercise again. ( B i dong, v6i "to".)
nguyen m l u l a : (Tdi bi budc Idm lai bdi tap.)
• agree: dong y deices: quyet d i n h need: can • H e l e t me borrow t h e car (chu dong, k h o n g c6 "to".)
• appear: c6 ve expect: h y vong promise: hijfa hen (Hdn cho phep tdi micgn chiec xe.)
• a t t e m p t : co gang help: giiip refuse: tCf choi • I was allowed to borrow t h e car. ("Let" m a n g y n g h i a "cho
• dare: danl manage: xoay scf seem: dircrng nhif phep" k h o n g t h e dung of dang b i dong.)
b) Sau m o t so dong tii c6 bo ngG theo sau ( T o i diJcfc p h e p mUcfn chiec xe.)
V d : • H e advised me to l i s t e n carefully. f) D i e n t a muc dich
(dng ta khuyen toi Idng nghe cdn than.) V d : • I came here to ( i n order to) l e a r n E n g l i s h .
• They i n v i t e d her to have lunch w i t h t h e m . (Tdi dd den ddy de hoc tieng Anh.)
(Ho da moi cd ay dung cam tdi vcfi ho.) • I need more money to buy t h e t h i n g s I w a n t .
M o t so dong tii t h o n g dung n h a t thifofng difcfc dung vdri m o t (Tdi cdn them tien de mua cdc thii tdi ^dn.)
bo nguf v a m o t dong tii nguyen mfiu l a : g) Sau m o t so' dong tii 6\iac theo sau b ^ n g cdc v a n tii, chSng
A l l o w (cho phep), encourage ( k h u y e n k h i c h ) , r e m i n d (nh^c h a n w h a t , w h e r e , who...
n h d ) , teach (day), tell (bao), w a r n (canh cao.) V d : • I didn't k n o w w h a t to do
c) Sau m o t so dong tCr k h i t h i dung v d i bo nguf k h i t h i k h o n g . (Tdi dd khdng biet Idm gi.)
V d : • I w a n t to find out t h e answer. • C a n you t e l l me how to get there?
(Toi muon tim ra cdu trd Idi) ( k h o n g t h e bo nguT: I find out.) (Anh CO the noi cho tdi biit Idm sao din ddy.)
• I w a n t you to find out t h e answer. Sau nhufng dong tCf n a y va nhuTng dong tii khac v d i y n g h i a
(Toi muon anh tim ra cdu trd Idi) ("you" la bo nguf.) tifong t\i, t a CO the dung: how, w h a t , where, w h e n , whether...
82 83
- A s k (hoi), decide (quyet dinh), discover ( k h a m pha), find out V d : I t started to snow: Trdi da, bdt ddu d6 tuyet
( t i m r a ) , forget (quen), know (biet), l e a r n (hoc), remember Snowing
(nhdr), see (hieu), show (chi), t h i n k (nghi), understand (hieu),
D o n g tCr nguyen mau thtfdng t h o n g dung h o n
w a n t to k n o w (muon biet), wonder (tif hoi).
2. Love (yeu, thich), like (thich), prefer (thich htfn),
III. CAC DANG DQNG TLf NGUYEN MAU hate (ghet) U nghia hofi thay doi thuOc each dung danh
1. Nguyen m^u dien tien dpng tijf hay dpng tijf nguyen mau.
Nguyen m l u d i l n t i e n diTcfc lap t h a n h v d i to be + h i e n t a i D u n g danh dong tCr, lofi p h a t hieu m a n g t i n h t o n g quat.
p h a n tif. N o di§n t a hoat dong dang d i e n t i e n . V d : I l i k e s w i m m i n g : T6i thich bed Igi
V d : I ' d l i k e to be l y i n g be i n the sun r i g h t now. • I l i k e to read a book before going to sleep a t n i g h t .
(Ngay bay gid toi muon nam diidi dnh ndng m&t trdi.) (Ban dem toi thich doc mot quySn sdch tritdc khi di ngu.)
2. Nguyen m a u hoan thanh • I hate to toll you, but I've lost your coat.
Nguyen mku hoan t h a n h dMc t h a n h lap v d i : to have + qua (T6i ghet bdo cho ban bi^t m^c du toi da lam mdt do khodc
khuf p h a n til cua ban.)
V d : I ' d like to have seen his face w h e n you t o l d h i m . 3- Remember (nhdf), forget (qu^n), stop (ngifng,
(Toi muon thay giiang mdt anh ta khi anh bdo hdn.) ngufng), trx (co gang)
3. Nguyen m S u bi d^ng Y n g h i a thay d o i nhieu tuy thuoc vao each dung danh dong
Nguyen mSu b i dong dtfcJc t h a n h l a p vdfi: to be + qua khdf tii hay dong tCr nguyen mSu.
p h a n ta + V d : I remember being very unhappy as a teenager
V d : I ' d l i k e to be promoted to sales manager (Toi nha da rat dau khd khi con la thieu ni&n)
(Toi mud'n diCac di bat chiic gidm doc thitang vu.) (Toi biet rdng toi da rat dau khS khi con Id thieu niin.)
> Ghi chu: • I ' l l never forget meeting you.
Nguyen mSu dien t i e n , hoan t h ^ n h , v a b i dong cung c6 t h e (Toi se chdng bao gid qu^n viec gdp anh.) (Ngay toi gdp anh
diTtfc dung v o i c a c dong tCr k h i e m k h u y e t v a trof dpng tCf p h u , rdt rd rdng trong tri nhd cua tdi.)
nhtftig vdri nhufng dong tijf nay to diTofc bo di D a n h dong tCr de cap t d i h a n h dong va t r a n g t h a i t r o n g qua
V d : • You should be w o r k i n g , not w a t c h i n g television. khuf n g h i a l a tru'oc viec n h d , vi$c quen... d i l n r a .
(Anh nen dang Idm viec, diing xem truyin hinh.) + V d : • Remember to put some petrol i n the car!
• You c a n be punished (Ban c6 thi bi phat) (Hdy nhd do xdng Id dieu quan trong.)
+ Don't forget to post the letter!
IV. DUNG DANH DQNG TL/HAY DONG TD NGUYEN MAU
(DCfng quen goi l a t h u ! ) ( L a thiT quan t r o n g a n h p h a i nhac
1. Continue (tiep tuc), start (b^t dau), begin (bSt dau)
n h d m i n h gdi.)
Ho&c l a danh dong tCf hoac la dong tCf nguyen m a u c6 t h e
D o n g tCr nguyen mau de cap t d i h a n h dong p h a i diroc l a m
dUtfc dung
nghia l a viec do xay r a sau k h i n h d , quen...
84 85
- A s k (hoi), decide (quyet dinh), discover ( k h a m pha), find out V d : I t started to snow: Trdi da, bdt ddu d6 tuyet
( t i m r a ) , forget (quen), know (biet), l e a r n (hoc), remember Snowing
(nhdr), see (hieu), show (chi), t h i n k (nghi), understand (hieu),
D o n g tCr nguyen mau thtfdng t h o n g dung h o n
w a n t to k n o w (muon biet), wonder (tif hoi).
2. Love (yeu, thich), like (thich), prefer (thich htfn),
III. CAC DANG DQNG TLf NGUYEN MAU hate (ghet) U nghia hofi thay doi thuOc each dung danh
1. Nguyen m^u dien tien dpng tijf hay dpng tijf nguyen mau.
Nguyen m l u d i l n t i e n diTcfc lap t h a n h v d i to be + h i e n t a i D u n g danh dong tCr, lofi p h a t hieu m a n g t i n h t o n g quat.
p h a n tif. N o di§n t a hoat dong dang d i e n t i e n . V d : I l i k e s w i m m i n g : T6i thich bed Igi
V d : I ' d l i k e to be l y i n g be i n the sun r i g h t now. • I l i k e to read a book before going to sleep a t n i g h t .
(Ngay bay gid toi muon nam diidi dnh ndng m&t trdi.) (Ban dem toi thich doc mot quySn sdch tritdc khi di ngu.)
2. Nguyen m a u hoan thanh • I hate to toll you, but I've lost your coat.
Nguyen mku hoan t h a n h dMc t h a n h lap v d i : to have + qua (T6i ghet bdo cho ban bi^t m^c du toi da lam mdt do khodc
khuf p h a n til cua ban.)
V d : I ' d like to have seen his face w h e n you t o l d h i m . 3- Remember (nhdf), forget (qu^n), stop (ngifng,
(Toi muon thay giiang mdt anh ta khi anh bdo hdn.) ngufng), trx (co gang)
3. Nguyen m S u bi d^ng Y n g h i a thay d o i nhieu tuy thuoc vao each dung danh dong
Nguyen mSu b i dong dtfcJc t h a n h l a p vdfi: to be + qua khdf tii hay dong tCr nguyen mSu.
p h a n ta + V d : I remember being very unhappy as a teenager
V d : I ' d l i k e to be promoted to sales manager (Toi nha da rat dau khd khi con la thieu ni&n)
(Toi mud'n diCac di bat chiic gidm doc thitang vu.) (Toi biet rdng toi da rat dau khS khi con Id thieu niin.)
> Ghi chu: • I ' l l never forget meeting you.
Nguyen mSu dien t i e n , hoan t h ^ n h , v a b i dong cung c6 t h e (Toi se chdng bao gid qu^n viec gdp anh.) (Ngay toi gdp anh
diTtfc dung v o i c a c dong tCr k h i e m k h u y e t v a trof dpng tCf p h u , rdt rd rdng trong tri nhd cua tdi.)
nhtftig vdri nhufng dong tijf nay to diTofc bo di D a n h dong tCr de cap t d i h a n h dong va t r a n g t h a i t r o n g qua
V d : • You should be w o r k i n g , not w a t c h i n g television. khuf n g h i a l a tru'oc viec n h d , vi$c quen... d i l n r a .
(Anh nen dang Idm viec, diing xem truyin hinh.) + V d : • Remember to put some petrol i n the car!
• You c a n be punished (Ban c6 thi bi phat) (Hdy nhd do xdng Id dieu quan trong.)
+ Don't forget to post the letter!
IV. DUNG DANH DQNG TL/HAY DONG TD NGUYEN MAU
(DCfng quen goi l a t h u ! ) ( L a thiT quan t r o n g a n h p h a i nhac
1. Continue (tiep tuc), start (b^t dau), begin (bSt dau)
n h d m i n h gdi.)
Ho&c l a danh dong tCf hoac la dong tCf nguyen m a u c6 t h e
D o n g tCr nguyen mau de cap t d i h a n h dong p h a i diroc l a m
dUtfc dung
nghia l a viec do xay r a sau k h i n h d , quen...
84 85
- + V d : I stopped smoking years ago. (Phan la mot ngiiai bdo ve mdi trudng tin dong vat nen dugc
(Toi dd ngiing hut thuoc cdch nay nhieu nam) (Hoat dong bdo ve khoi tay cdc nguai di sdn. Anh dy phdn doi viec gi^t thu
hoang Idm mot mon the thao.)
trirdc day.)
a) k i l l b) k i l l i n g c) to k i l l
• I stopped to pick up a h i t c h h i k e r .
(Toi dd dicng lai de don mot ngUdi di nha xe.) (Dieu nay cho 3. M a n h spent a l l m o n t h p r e p a r i n g for the tennis m a t c h , but i n
chiing t a biet t a i sao t o i d t o g xe.) spite of (practice) for m a n y hours each day, he lost
* We t i r e d to put out the fire, but i t was impossible. the m a t c h to I v a n .
(Chung toi dd c6 gdng dap tdt nhUng khong the dugc.) (Manh dd gidnh sud't thdng di chudn bi tran ddu qudn vgt,
I t i r e d pouring on water, my husband t i r e d covering i t w i t h nhUng mdc dii luyen tap nhiiu gid mdi ngdy anh dd thua Ivan.)
a b l a n k e t and m y son t r i e d using the fire extinguisher, but i n a) practice b) f i n i s h c) to f i n i s h
the end we had to call the fire brigade.
4. A f t e r (finish) m y homework, I go to bed.
(Toi thii dgi nUdc, chSng toi thii dung mot chiec men dap
(Sau k h i l a m xong b a i t a p of n h a , t o i d i ngu.)
Ilia ud cont rai toi thu: dung binh chiia liia, nhUng cuoi cung
chung toi dd phdi ggi dien thoai cho dgi chiia Ida.) a) f i n i s h i n g b) f i n i s h c) to f i n i s h
t r y + dong tCr nguyen m i u : dien t a muc dich; do la dieu ban 5. He answered m y question w i t h o u t (look) at me.
muo'n l a m . (Hdn trd loi cdc can hoi cua tdi md khong nhin vdo toi.)
T r y + danh dong tCf: dien t a phifang thufc, phi/o'ng phap b a n a) l o o k i n g b) look c) to look
dung de dat t h a n h muc di'ch ciia ban. .
6. B y (work) - h a r d he gained r a p i d promotion.
(Bhng cdch lam viec chuy^n cdn, anh dy dUffc thdng cdp nhanh.)
BAITAP
a) w o r k i n g b) w o r k c) to w o r k
15. H o a n thanh c a c c a u vdfi dang diing c u a dpng tuf
trong ngoac (Complete the sentences with the correct 7. Do you enjoy (watch) old films on TV?
forms of the verbs in brackets.) (Anh CO thich xem phim cU tr^n ti vi khong?)
a) to w a t c h b) w a t c h i n g c) w a t c h
1. W h a t do you feel l i k e ( h a v e ) _ for dinner? Does
chicken and rice sound good? 8.1 don't m i n d (have) to be i n class at 8: 00 a.m
(Anh thdy thich dn gi trong bUa cam toi. Cam gd nghe c6 ve (Toi khong phien viec phdi c6 mdt d lap luc 8 gid sang.)
ngon chii?) a) have b) to have c) h a v i n g
a) have b) h a v i n g c) to have
9. D a n h usually puts off (pack) - his suitcase u n t i l the very
2. Phan is an environmental conservationist who believes last m i n u t e .
animals should be protected from hunters. He objects to ( k i l l )
(Danh thudng hoan xep do vdo va it cua no cho den tan
w i l d animals for sport.
phut choc.)
a) pack b) packing c) to pack
86 87
- + V d : I stopped smoking years ago. (Phan la mot ngiiai bdo ve mdi trudng tin dong vat nen dugc
(Toi dd ngiing hut thuoc cdch nay nhieu nam) (Hoat dong bdo ve khoi tay cdc nguai di sdn. Anh dy phdn doi viec gi^t thu
hoang Idm mot mon the thao.)
trirdc day.)
a) k i l l b) k i l l i n g c) to k i l l
• I stopped to pick up a h i t c h h i k e r .
(Toi dd dicng lai de don mot ngUdi di nha xe.) (Dieu nay cho 3. M a n h spent a l l m o n t h p r e p a r i n g for the tennis m a t c h , but i n
chiing t a biet t a i sao t o i d t o g xe.) spite of (practice) for m a n y hours each day, he lost
* We t i r e d to put out the fire, but i t was impossible. the m a t c h to I v a n .
(Chung toi dd c6 gdng dap tdt nhUng khong the dugc.) (Manh dd gidnh sud't thdng di chudn bi tran ddu qudn vgt,
I t i r e d pouring on water, my husband t i r e d covering i t w i t h nhUng mdc dii luyen tap nhiiu gid mdi ngdy anh dd thua Ivan.)
a b l a n k e t and m y son t r i e d using the fire extinguisher, but i n a) practice b) f i n i s h c) to f i n i s h
the end we had to call the fire brigade.
4. A f t e r (finish) m y homework, I go to bed.
(Toi thii dgi nUdc, chSng toi thii dung mot chiec men dap
(Sau k h i l a m xong b a i t a p of n h a , t o i d i ngu.)
Ilia ud cont rai toi thu: dung binh chiia liia, nhUng cuoi cung
chung toi dd phdi ggi dien thoai cho dgi chiia Ida.) a) f i n i s h i n g b) f i n i s h c) to f i n i s h
t r y + dong tCr nguyen m i u : dien t a muc dich; do la dieu ban 5. He answered m y question w i t h o u t (look) at me.
muo'n l a m . (Hdn trd loi cdc can hoi cua tdi md khong nhin vdo toi.)
T r y + danh dong tCf: dien t a phifang thufc, phi/o'ng phap b a n a) l o o k i n g b) look c) to look
dung de dat t h a n h muc di'ch ciia ban. .
6. B y (work) - h a r d he gained r a p i d promotion.
(Bhng cdch lam viec chuy^n cdn, anh dy dUffc thdng cdp nhanh.)
BAITAP
a) w o r k i n g b) w o r k c) to w o r k
15. H o a n thanh c a c c a u vdfi dang diing c u a dpng tuf
trong ngoac (Complete the sentences with the correct 7. Do you enjoy (watch) old films on TV?
forms of the verbs in brackets.) (Anh CO thich xem phim cU tr^n ti vi khong?)
a) to w a t c h b) w a t c h i n g c) w a t c h
1. W h a t do you feel l i k e ( h a v e ) _ for dinner? Does
chicken and rice sound good? 8.1 don't m i n d (have) to be i n class at 8: 00 a.m
(Anh thdy thich dn gi trong bUa cam toi. Cam gd nghe c6 ve (Toi khong phien viec phdi c6 mdt d lap luc 8 gid sang.)
ngon chii?) a) have b) to have c) h a v i n g
a) have b) h a v i n g c) to have
9. D a n h usually puts off (pack) - his suitcase u n t i l the very
2. Phan is an environmental conservationist who believes last m i n u t e .
animals should be protected from hunters. He objects to ( k i l l )
(Danh thudng hoan xep do vdo va it cua no cho den tan
w i l d animals for sport.
phut choc.)
a) pack b) packing c) to pack
86 87
- 3. The teacher ask J i m (give) his book to M a r y .
10. (Climb) to the top of a m o u n t a i n i s n ' t ease.
(Thdy gido bdo Jim dua quyen sdch cua no cho Mary.)
(Leo len d'inli mot nggn nui khong phdi la d§.)
a) g i v i n g b) give c) to give
a) CHmbing b) cUmb c) a + b
4. D r i v e r s were w a r n e d (not, park) i n the area.
11. (manage) a major corporation is a demanding job.
(Cdc tdi xe dugc cdnh bdo Id khong dau xe d vung nay.)
(Qudn li mot xi nghiep la mot cong viec c6 dot hdi coo.)
a) n o t p a r k i n g b) not to p a r k c) no p a r k i n g
a) manage b) managing c) a + b
5. Before Bobby w e n t to bed, his father remanded h i m (brush)
12. I really hate (be) late for appointment
his teeth.
(T6i that sU ghet tri hen.)
(TrUdc khi Bobby di ngu, cha no nhdc nhd no ddnh rang.)
a) being b) to be c) a + b
a) to b r u s h b) brush c) b r u s h i n g
13. She's so i m p a t i e n t . She can't stand (wait) i n line
6. I expect you (be) punctual.
for a n y t h i n g .
(Tdi mong anh phdi dung gia.)
(Co ta tat mat Men nhan. C6 ta khong the chiu dung viec
x^p hang chd dgi cdi gi do.) a) being b) to be c) be
a) w a i t i n g b) to w a i t c) a + b 7. You can't expect (learn) a foreign language i n a week.
14. (Know) t h a t he was poor, I offered to pay his fare. (Anh khong the mong hgc diCgc mot ngoai ngU trong mot tuan.)
(Biet rang no ngheo, toi da di nghi trd tien xe cho no.) a) l e a r n i n g b) learn c) to l e a r n '
a) k n o w i n g b) know c) a + b 8. I t is i m p o r t a n t (come) . to class on t i m e .
15. Whenever we meet, T a i avoided (look) at me. (Den lop dung gid Id quan trgng.)
(Bat ciC khi ndo chung toi gdp nliau, Tdi trdnh nhin m&t toi.) a) Coming. b) to come c) come
a) to look b) looking c) look 9. I t ' s impossible for a fish (live) out of w a t e r for more
t h a n a few minutes.
16. C h o n c a u t r a lofi d i i n g c h o m o i c a u . ( S e l e c t t h e (Con cd ra khoi niidc khong thi song qud vdi phut.)
c o r r e c t a n s w e r for e a c h s e n t e n c e . ) a) to live b) live c) l i v i n g
1. The c h i l d r e n are l e a r n i n g (swim) t h i s summer. 10. T h a t box is to heavy for us (lift)
(Mua he nay tre em se hgc bed.) (Cdi thung do nang den noi chung tdi khong thi nang l^n duoc.)
a) to s w i m b) s w i m m i n g c) s w i m a) to l i f t b) Uft c) l i f t i n g
2. I w a n t to learn how (dive) . 11. T i m i s n ' t old enough (go) to school.
(Toi muoii hoc Ian.) (Tim chUa du tuoi di hgc.)
a) dive b) to dive c) d i v i n g a) to go b) go c) going
89
88
- 3. The teacher ask J i m (give) his book to M a r y .
10. (Climb) to the top of a m o u n t a i n i s n ' t ease.
(Thdy gido bdo Jim dua quyen sdch cua no cho Mary.)
(Leo len d'inli mot nggn nui khong phdi la d§.)
a) g i v i n g b) give c) to give
a) CHmbing b) cUmb c) a + b
4. D r i v e r s were w a r n e d (not, park) i n the area.
11. (manage) a major corporation is a demanding job.
(Cdc tdi xe dugc cdnh bdo Id khong dau xe d vung nay.)
(Qudn li mot xi nghiep la mot cong viec c6 dot hdi coo.)
a) n o t p a r k i n g b) not to p a r k c) no p a r k i n g
a) manage b) managing c) a + b
5. Before Bobby w e n t to bed, his father remanded h i m (brush)
12. I really hate (be) late for appointment
his teeth.
(T6i that sU ghet tri hen.)
(TrUdc khi Bobby di ngu, cha no nhdc nhd no ddnh rang.)
a) being b) to be c) a + b
a) to b r u s h b) brush c) b r u s h i n g
13. She's so i m p a t i e n t . She can't stand (wait) i n line
6. I expect you (be) punctual.
for a n y t h i n g .
(Tdi mong anh phdi dung gia.)
(Co ta tat mat Men nhan. C6 ta khong the chiu dung viec
x^p hang chd dgi cdi gi do.) a) being b) to be c) be
a) w a i t i n g b) to w a i t c) a + b 7. You can't expect (learn) a foreign language i n a week.
14. (Know) t h a t he was poor, I offered to pay his fare. (Anh khong the mong hgc diCgc mot ngoai ngU trong mot tuan.)
(Biet rang no ngheo, toi da di nghi trd tien xe cho no.) a) l e a r n i n g b) learn c) to l e a r n '
a) k n o w i n g b) know c) a + b 8. I t is i m p o r t a n t (come) . to class on t i m e .
15. Whenever we meet, T a i avoided (look) at me. (Den lop dung gid Id quan trgng.)
(Bat ciC khi ndo chung toi gdp nliau, Tdi trdnh nhin m&t toi.) a) Coming. b) to come c) come
a) to look b) looking c) look 9. I t ' s impossible for a fish (live) out of w a t e r for more
t h a n a few minutes.
16. C h o n c a u t r a lofi d i i n g c h o m o i c a u . ( S e l e c t t h e (Con cd ra khoi niidc khong thi song qud vdi phut.)
c o r r e c t a n s w e r for e a c h s e n t e n c e . ) a) to live b) live c) l i v i n g
1. The c h i l d r e n are l e a r n i n g (swim) t h i s summer. 10. T h a t box is to heavy for us (lift)
(Mua he nay tre em se hgc bed.) (Cdi thung do nang den noi chung tdi khong thi nang l^n duoc.)
a) to s w i m b) s w i m m i n g c) s w i m a) to l i f t b) Uft c) l i f t i n g
2. I w a n t to learn how (dive) . 11. T i m i s n ' t old enough (go) to school.
(Toi muoii hoc Ian.) (Tim chUa du tuoi di hgc.)
a) dive b) to dive c) d i v i n g a) to go b) go c) going
89
88
- 12. That movie always makes me (cry) 17. Hoan thanh c a c c a u vori dang diing ciia dpng t\i
(Phim do luon ludn Idm tdi khoc.) trong ngoac, dung DANH D O N G T 0 hay D O N G TlJ'
a) to cry b) cry c) crying N G U Y E N M A U . D6i k h i ca hai c a u t r a d e u dung.
(Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the
13. What makes you (say) - that?
verbs in brackets using the G E R U N D or the I N F I N I T I V E .
(Cdi gi khien anh noi diiu do?) Sometimes, both answers are correct.)
a) to say b) saying c) say
'. Alex will never forget (take) his first helicopter ride
14. Don't let him (say) . (Alex se khong bao gid qu^n Idn ddu ti&n di true thang cua nd.)
(Dilng cho anh ta noi) a) talking b) to take c) a + b
a) to say b) say c) saying
.. Alex refused (apologize) for his rude behavior.
15. I went to the post office (mail) a letter. (Alex khdng chiu xin Idi each sd su thd Id cua nd.)
(Tdi dd den huu dien de gM mot Id thu.) I a) to apologize b) apologizing c) a + b
a) i n order to mail b) to mail c) a + b
3. I prefer (ride) my bicycle to work because the
16. I met you (not, argue) with you. automobile traffic is too heavy.
(Tdi gdp anh khong phdi de cdi Ion vdi anh.) (Tdi thich cdi xe dap di lam hdi vi xe cd lUu thong ddng due.)
a) so as not to b) not to c) a + b a) riding b) to ride c) a + b
17. Is there anything (eat) _- this morning, Mom? 4. The baby loves (rise) , i n the car.
(Sang nay c6 gi an khong, me?) (Em be thich di xe hai.)
a) eating b) to eat c) a + b a) to ride b) to ride c) a+ b
18. I don't know what (do) _ _ _ _ _ _ . tonight. 5. Ton was trying (unlock) the door with the wrong key.
(Tdi khong biet tdi nay lam gi?) (Ton dang cd md cda bdng chia khda sai.)
a) to do b) do c) doing a) unlocking b) to unlock c) a + b
19. Try to remember where (put) . your keys. 6. I remember (visit) Vietnam for the first time. It's a
(Anh hay cd nhd noi de chia khda cua anh.) beautiful country.
a) to put b) put c) putting (Tdi nhd dd vieng tham Viet Nam Idn ddu ti&n. Dd Id mot
ddt nUdc dep.)
20. Shall I (wrap) i t for you?
a) visiting b) to visit c) a + b
(Ong cd mudn tdi gdi nd lai cho dng khdng?)
7. The audience began clapping and (stamp) their feet on the floor.
a) to wrap b) wrap c) a + b
(Khan gid bdt ddu vd tay vd dam chdn lin sdn nhd.)
a) stamping b) to stamp c) a + b
90 91
- 12. That movie always makes me (cry) 17. Hoan thanh c a c c a u vori dang diing ciia dpng t\i
(Phim do luon ludn Idm tdi khoc.) trong ngoac, dung DANH D O N G T 0 hay D O N G TlJ'
a) to cry b) cry c) crying N G U Y E N M A U . D6i k h i ca hai c a u t r a d e u dung.
(Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the
13. What makes you (say) - that?
verbs in brackets using the G E R U N D or the I N F I N I T I V E .
(Cdi gi khien anh noi diiu do?) Sometimes, both answers are correct.)
a) to say b) saying c) say
'. Alex will never forget (take) his first helicopter ride
14. Don't let him (say) . (Alex se khong bao gid qu^n Idn ddu ti&n di true thang cua nd.)
(Dilng cho anh ta noi) a) talking b) to take c) a + b
a) to say b) say c) saying
.. Alex refused (apologize) for his rude behavior.
15. I went to the post office (mail) a letter. (Alex khdng chiu xin Idi each sd su thd Id cua nd.)
(Tdi dd den huu dien de gM mot Id thu.) I a) to apologize b) apologizing c) a + b
a) i n order to mail b) to mail c) a + b
3. I prefer (ride) my bicycle to work because the
16. I met you (not, argue) with you. automobile traffic is too heavy.
(Tdi gdp anh khong phdi de cdi Ion vdi anh.) (Tdi thich cdi xe dap di lam hdi vi xe cd lUu thong ddng due.)
a) so as not to b) not to c) a + b a) riding b) to ride c) a + b
17. Is there anything (eat) _- this morning, Mom? 4. The baby loves (rise) , i n the car.
(Sang nay c6 gi an khong, me?) (Em be thich di xe hai.)
a) eating b) to eat c) a + b a) to ride b) to ride c) a+ b
18. I don't know what (do) _ _ _ _ _ _ . tonight. 5. Ton was trying (unlock) the door with the wrong key.
(Tdi khong biet tdi nay lam gi?) (Ton dang cd md cda bdng chia khda sai.)
a) to do b) do c) doing a) unlocking b) to unlock c) a + b
19. Try to remember where (put) . your keys. 6. I remember (visit) Vietnam for the first time. It's a
(Anh hay cd nhd noi de chia khda cua anh.) beautiful country.
a) to put b) put c) putting (Tdi nhd dd vieng tham Viet Nam Idn ddu ti&n. Dd Id mot
ddt nUdc dep.)
20. Shall I (wrap) i t for you?
a) visiting b) to visit c) a + b
(Ong cd mudn tdi gdi nd lai cho dng khdng?)
7. The audience began clapping and (stamp) their feet on the floor.
a) to wrap b) wrap c) a + b
(Khan gid bdt ddu vd tay vd dam chdn lin sdn nhd.)
a) stamping b) to stamp c) a + b
90 91
- 8. She doesn't allow h i m (smoke) i n her house.
(C6 dy khong cho phep anh dy hut thudc trong nhd c6 dy) C H U O N G IV
a) s m o k i n g b) to smoke c) a + b
SO SANH TINH TLf VA TRANG TLf
9. T i m prefers (walk) t h a n to jog for exercise.
(Tim thick di bo hon la di hudc di luyen tdp.)
a) w a l k i n g b) to w a l k c) a+ b I. s o S A N H H O N (TT: Tinh id TRT: Trang tu^)
10) L y prefers (walk) to t a l k i n g the bus Ho'n Nhat
(Ly thich di bo han Id di xe buyt.)
TT/TRTngan TT/TRT-er + t h a n The TT/TRT-set
a) w a l k i n g b) to w a l k c) a + b
T T / T R T dai More + TT/TRT + than The most + T T / T R T
10. I don't allow (smoke) i n m y class
PGhichu:
a) s m o k i n g b) to smoke c) a + b
1. T i n h tii hay t r a n g tCf ngan l a t i n h tCf hay t r a n g tii c6 m o t
11. The soccer teams continued (play) even though i t began to a m t i e t : big, s m a l l , large, red, fast...
snow. (Cdc dpi bong dd ti^p tuc choi bdt ki trdi bdt ddu dS tuyet.) 2. T i n h tii hay t r a n g tii dai la t i n h tCr hay t r a n g tCr c6 tii h a i
a) p l a y i n g b) to play c) a + b a m t i e t trdf l e n : difficult, expensive, carefully...
12. We like (eat) outside when the weather is w a r m and sunny. 3. NhCTng t i n h tuf hay t r a n g tii c6 h a i a m t i e t n h u n g t a n cung
bang et, y, le, er, ow du'cfc xem nhu' m o t a m t i e t n e n dang so
(Chiing tot thich an nhd hdng khi thdi ti&'t dm vd c6 ndng.)
sanh t i n h tCr hay t r a n g tii ngan diTo'c dung.
a) eating b) to eat c) a + b
Vd:
13. Instead of (excite) about the good news, Tarn seemed to be busy —> busier - busiest
indifferent. (Thay vi mimg radon nlian tin tot, Tdm 16 ve ditng dUng.) simple simpler
—> simplest
a) exciting b) being excited c) to be excited quiet. -> quiter -> quietest
14. T h e new students hope (include) i n many of the clever -> cleverer -> cleverest
school's social activities. narrow -> narrower narrowest
(NhUng hoc sinh mdi mong dugc tham gia cdc hoat dong xd 4. Cac dang so sanh cua t i n h tii hay t r a n g tii ngAn
hdi cua nhd triCang.) a) N e u t i n h tii t a n cung bSng e t h i bo e r o i t h e m dang so
a) i n c l u d i n g b) being included c) to be included sanh vao
15. D u got i n t o trouble w h e n he refuses (open) his Vd:
briefcase for the customs officer. large wise brave
(Du gap rdc roi khi anh khdng chiu md cdp cho nhdn vien
So sanh ho'n larger wiser braver
hdi quan xeni.)
So sanh n h a t largest wisest bravest
a) open b) being opened c) to be opened
92 93
- 8. She doesn't allow h i m (smoke) i n her house.
(C6 dy khong cho phep anh dy hut thudc trong nhd c6 dy) C H U O N G IV
a) s m o k i n g b) to smoke c) a + b
SO SANH TINH TLf VA TRANG TLf
9. T i m prefers (walk) t h a n to jog for exercise.
(Tim thick di bo hon la di hudc di luyen tdp.)
a) w a l k i n g b) to w a l k c) a+ b I. s o S A N H H O N (TT: Tinh id TRT: Trang tu^)
10) L y prefers (walk) to t a l k i n g the bus Ho'n Nhat
(Ly thich di bo han Id di xe buyt.)
TT/TRTngan TT/TRT-er + t h a n The TT/TRT-set
a) w a l k i n g b) to w a l k c) a + b
T T / T R T dai More + TT/TRT + than The most + T T / T R T
10. I don't allow (smoke) i n m y class
PGhichu:
a) s m o k i n g b) to smoke c) a + b
1. T i n h tii hay t r a n g tCf ngan l a t i n h tCf hay t r a n g tii c6 m o t
11. The soccer teams continued (play) even though i t began to a m t i e t : big, s m a l l , large, red, fast...
snow. (Cdc dpi bong dd ti^p tuc choi bdt ki trdi bdt ddu dS tuyet.) 2. T i n h tii hay t r a n g tii dai la t i n h tCr hay t r a n g tCr c6 tii h a i
a) p l a y i n g b) to play c) a + b a m t i e t trdf l e n : difficult, expensive, carefully...
12. We like (eat) outside when the weather is w a r m and sunny. 3. NhCTng t i n h tuf hay t r a n g tii c6 h a i a m t i e t n h u n g t a n cung
bang et, y, le, er, ow du'cfc xem nhu' m o t a m t i e t n e n dang so
(Chiing tot thich an nhd hdng khi thdi ti&'t dm vd c6 ndng.)
sanh t i n h tCr hay t r a n g tii ngan diTo'c dung.
a) eating b) to eat c) a + b
Vd:
13. Instead of (excite) about the good news, Tarn seemed to be busy —> busier - busiest
indifferent. (Thay vi mimg radon nlian tin tot, Tdm 16 ve ditng dUng.) simple simpler
—> simplest
a) exciting b) being excited c) to be excited quiet. -> quiter -> quietest
14. T h e new students hope (include) i n many of the clever -> cleverer -> cleverest
school's social activities. narrow -> narrower narrowest
(NhUng hoc sinh mdi mong dugc tham gia cdc hoat dong xd 4. Cac dang so sanh cua t i n h tii hay t r a n g tii ngAn
hdi cua nhd triCang.) a) N e u t i n h tii t a n cung bSng e t h i bo e r o i t h e m dang so
a) i n c l u d i n g b) being included c) to be included sanh vao
15. D u got i n t o trouble w h e n he refuses (open) his Vd:
briefcase for the customs officer. large wise brave
(Du gap rdc roi khi anh khdng chiu md cdp cho nhdn vien
So sanh ho'n larger wiser braver
hdi quan xeni.)
So sanh n h a t largest wisest bravest
a) open b) being opened c) to be opened
92 93
- b) N§'u tinh tu" tan cung bkng Y t h i doi Y thanh I r6i them • Vietnam is larger than Thailand.
dang so sanh vac neu trifdc Y la mot phu am. (Viit Nam thi Ion han Thai Lan)
Vd: • Vietnam, Thailand, and China are all large, but China is
dry happy merry the largest.
(Viet Nam, Thai Lan vd Trung Qud'c diu Idn, nhUng Trung
So sanh hon drier happier merrier
Quoc thi Ion nhat)
So sanh nhat driest happiest . merriest • A car's more expensive than a motorbike
Neu trtfoc Y la mot nguyen am t h i khong doi Y thanh I (Mot chiec xe hoi thi ddt tiin han mot chi^c xe gdn may
Vd: • Hue and Nha Trang are all beautiful, but Hue's the most
beautiful.
gay grey
• The alephant is the biggest of all four-feeted animals.
So sanh ho'n gayer greyer
(Con voi thi Ion nhat trong tdt cd thu bon chdn)
So sanh nhat gayest greyest
II. SOSANHKEM
c) Neu tinh tCf hay trang tCr tan cung bang mot phu am
trirdrc phu am la mot nguyen am doc t h i gap doi phu am trUdfc Kem horn Kem nhat
k h i them dang so sanh vao. Ta't ca T T / T R T less + TT/TRT + than the least + TT/TRT
Vd:
Vd:
hot red thin
• This coat is less expensive than that one
So sdnh ho'n hotter redder thinner (ChiS'c do khodc ndy kem ddt tiin han chiec do khodc kia)
So sanh nhat hottest .reddest thinnest • She speaks Italian less often than English.
(Bd dy noi tieng Y kem thudng xuytn han tiSng Anh)
Nhiftig
• Tarn's class-room is less high than Lam's but Lam's is the
quiet
least high of a l l .
So sdnh ho'n quieter (I la nguyen am doc con
(Ldp hoc cda Tdm khong cao bdng Idp cua Ldm, nhitng Idp
e l a nguyen am cam cua Ldm thi kem cao nhat (thdp nhdt) trong cdc Idp.
So sdnh nhat quietest NhOiig n g a y nay ngLfcri ta i t dung less ... than va thtforng thay
Vd: • Canada's cold but Greenland's colder the bkng not so/as.... as nhat la nhOttig tinh tCf hay trang ti^ ng^n.
(Canada thi lanh, nhung Greeland thi lanh han) Vd:
• Sweden, Canada, and Greenland are all cold, but Greenland • I am not so rich as you = I am less rich than you.
is the coldest. (Toi khong gidu bdng anh).
(Thuy Bien, Canada vd Greenland diu lanh, nhUng • Tam's class-room is not so high as Lam's.
Greeland thi lanh nhat). (Ldp hoc cua Tdm thi khong cao bdng Idp cua Ldm)
94 95
- b) N§'u tinh tu" tan cung bkng Y t h i doi Y thanh I r6i them • Vietnam is larger than Thailand.
dang so sanh vac neu trifdc Y la mot phu am. (Viit Nam thi Ion han Thai Lan)
Vd: • Vietnam, Thailand, and China are all large, but China is
dry happy merry the largest.
(Viet Nam, Thai Lan vd Trung Qud'c diu Idn, nhUng Trung
So sanh hon drier happier merrier
Quoc thi Ion nhat)
So sanh nhat driest happiest . merriest • A car's more expensive than a motorbike
Neu trtfoc Y la mot nguyen am t h i khong doi Y thanh I (Mot chiec xe hoi thi ddt tiin han mot chi^c xe gdn may
Vd: • Hue and Nha Trang are all beautiful, but Hue's the most
beautiful.
gay grey
• The alephant is the biggest of all four-feeted animals.
So sanh ho'n gayer greyer
(Con voi thi Ion nhat trong tdt cd thu bon chdn)
So sanh nhat gayest greyest
II. SOSANHKEM
c) Neu tinh tCf hay trang tCr tan cung bang mot phu am
trirdrc phu am la mot nguyen am doc t h i gap doi phu am trUdfc Kem horn Kem nhat
k h i them dang so sanh vao. Ta't ca T T / T R T less + TT/TRT + than the least + TT/TRT
Vd:
Vd:
hot red thin
• This coat is less expensive than that one
So sdnh ho'n hotter redder thinner (ChiS'c do khodc ndy kem ddt tiin han chiec do khodc kia)
So sanh nhat hottest .reddest thinnest • She speaks Italian less often than English.
(Bd dy noi tieng Y kem thudng xuytn han tiSng Anh)
Nhiftig
• Tarn's class-room is less high than Lam's but Lam's is the
quiet
least high of a l l .
So sdnh ho'n quieter (I la nguyen am doc con
(Ldp hoc cda Tdm khong cao bdng Idp cua Ldm, nhitng Idp
e l a nguyen am cam cua Ldm thi kem cao nhat (thdp nhdt) trong cdc Idp.
So sdnh nhat quietest NhOiig n g a y nay ngLfcri ta i t dung less ... than va thtforng thay
Vd: • Canada's cold but Greenland's colder the bkng not so/as.... as nhat la nhOttig tinh tCf hay trang ti^ ng^n.
(Canada thi lanh, nhung Greeland thi lanh han) Vd:
• Sweden, Canada, and Greenland are all cold, but Greenland • I am not so rich as you = I am less rich than you.
is the coldest. (Toi khong gidu bdng anh).
(Thuy Bien, Canada vd Greenland diu lanh, nhUng • Tam's class-room is not so high as Lam's.
Greeland thi lanh nhat). (Ldp hoc cua Tdm thi khong cao bdng Idp cua Ldm)
94 95
- III. C A C D A N G SO SANH CUA N H Q N G T I N H TL/ V A TRANG TL/ 4. M o r e t h a n duTofc d u n g voTi m p t so t o n g so h a y m p t
K H O N G THEO QUI TAC d a n h tu" de n o i rang c o n so, t o n g so t h a t sxi n h i e u htfn.
So sanh hcfn So sdnh n h a t V d : • I have more t h a n ten books
Good, w e l l better the best
(Toi CO hon mUdi quyen sdch)
Bad, i l l worse the worst
• I like her more t h a n her husband
Much more the more
Many more the most (Toi tJiich CO ta han chSng c6 ta)
Little less the least V I . SO S A N H K E P
Far farther, further the farthest
So sanh kep d i i n t a t i n h chat gia tSng hay g i a m d i
old older, elder the oldest/ t h e eldest
- T i n h txi n g a n : dung t i n h tU er + t i n h tCf er.
I V . G I 6 1 TL/ D\jac D U N G SAU SO S A N H N H A T H A Y C l / C CAP
V d : Days are g e t t i n g shorter and shorter i n A u t u m .
Sau m o t sLf so sanh n h a t , ngtfcfi t a dung giori tii " i n " trUdrc
(Vdo mua tliu, ngdy dang trd n&n cdng ngdy cdng ngdn di)
nhffng danh tCr chi noi chon va gidri tit " o f t r o n g nhufng trUdng
- T i n h tCr d a i : dung more and more + t i n h t i f
hap khac.
V d : Our lessons are g e t t i n g more and more difficult
Vd:
(Cdc bdi hoc ciia chung ta cdng ngdy cdng kho han)
Dd Lat let thanh pho dep nhdt d Viet Nam
- T i n h tii chi sy k e m : dung less and less + t i n h tCf
• Dalat is the most beautiful i n V i e t n a m
V d : People can't read are less and less numerous
Sat till cong dung nhdt trong cdc kim loai
(NhUng ngudi khong biet doc ngdy cdng it di)
• I r o n is the most useful of metals.
V I I . SO S A N H B A N G N H A U V 6 l T H E S A M E . . . AS
V . D U N G M O R E V A M O R E T H A N V 6 l D A N H TL/
- The same as dUgrc dung vdri danh tCf
1. K h i m o r e dv^ofc d u n g vdfi d a n h tii, n o thtfofng c 6 y
Vd:
n g h i a l a them. No khong can dung than.
• I have the same address as M r . T h o n g
V d : Would you like sorne more tea?
(Tdi CO cung dia chi udi ong Thong)
(Ban dung them trd nUa nhe?)
• I bought the same car as yours
2. M o r e ... t h a n c u n g dvCdc d u n g vofi d a n h t«f.
(Toi dd mua chiec xe gidng y nhu xe cua anh)
V d : There are more people i n C h i n a t h a n i n the U n i t e d
States. - The same as dufo'c dCing vdfi danh tii di/grc hieu n g a m
(d Trung Quoc c6 nhieu ngUdi han d Hoa Ky) V d : M y address is not the same as yours
(Dia chi cua tdi khong gidng dia chi cua anh)
3. K h i y n g h i a r o r a n g , d a n h txi c 6 the dvfdc bo v a c h i
dung more.
Vd: Do you have enough coffee, or would you like some more?
(Ban uong cd phe khong, hay Id ban uong th^m nhe?)
96 97
- III. C A C D A N G SO SANH CUA N H Q N G T I N H TL/ V A TRANG TL/ 4. M o r e t h a n duTofc d u n g voTi m p t so t o n g so h a y m p t
K H O N G THEO QUI TAC d a n h tu" de n o i rang c o n so, t o n g so t h a t sxi n h i e u htfn.
So sanh hcfn So sdnh n h a t V d : • I have more t h a n ten books
Good, w e l l better the best
(Toi CO hon mUdi quyen sdch)
Bad, i l l worse the worst
• I like her more t h a n her husband
Much more the more
Many more the most (Toi tJiich CO ta han chSng c6 ta)
Little less the least V I . SO S A N H K E P
Far farther, further the farthest
So sanh kep d i i n t a t i n h chat gia tSng hay g i a m d i
old older, elder the oldest/ t h e eldest
- T i n h txi n g a n : dung t i n h tU er + t i n h tCf er.
I V . G I 6 1 TL/ D\jac D U N G SAU SO S A N H N H A T H A Y C l / C CAP
V d : Days are g e t t i n g shorter and shorter i n A u t u m .
Sau m o t sLf so sanh n h a t , ngtfcfi t a dung giori tii " i n " trUdrc
(Vdo mua tliu, ngdy dang trd n&n cdng ngdy cdng ngdn di)
nhffng danh tCr chi noi chon va gidri tit " o f t r o n g nhufng trUdng
- T i n h tCr d a i : dung more and more + t i n h t i f
hap khac.
V d : Our lessons are g e t t i n g more and more difficult
Vd:
(Cdc bdi hoc ciia chung ta cdng ngdy cdng kho han)
Dd Lat let thanh pho dep nhdt d Viet Nam
- T i n h tii chi sy k e m : dung less and less + t i n h tCf
• Dalat is the most beautiful i n V i e t n a m
V d : People can't read are less and less numerous
Sat till cong dung nhdt trong cdc kim loai
(NhUng ngudi khong biet doc ngdy cdng it di)
• I r o n is the most useful of metals.
V I I . SO S A N H B A N G N H A U V 6 l T H E S A M E . . . AS
V . D U N G M O R E V A M O R E T H A N V 6 l D A N H TL/
- The same as dUgrc dung vdri danh tCf
1. K h i m o r e dv^ofc d u n g vdfi d a n h tii, n o thtfofng c 6 y
Vd:
n g h i a l a them. No khong can dung than.
• I have the same address as M r . T h o n g
V d : Would you like sorne more tea?
(Tdi CO cung dia chi udi ong Thong)
(Ban dung them trd nUa nhe?)
• I bought the same car as yours
2. M o r e ... t h a n c u n g dvCdc d u n g vofi d a n h t«f.
(Toi dd mua chiec xe gidng y nhu xe cua anh)
V d : There are more people i n C h i n a t h a n i n the U n i t e d
States. - The same as dufo'c dCing vdfi danh tii di/grc hieu n g a m
(d Trung Quoc c6 nhieu ngUdi han d Hoa Ky) V d : M y address is not the same as yours
(Dia chi cua tdi khong gidng dia chi cua anh)
3. K h i y n g h i a r o r a n g , d a n h txi c 6 the dvfdc bo v a c h i
dung more.
Vd: Do you have enough coffee, or would you like some more?
(Ban uong cd phe khong, hay Id ban uong th^m nhe?)
96 97
- VIII. so SANH vd! SIMILAR, LIKE, ALIKE VA DIFFERENT
Ngoai SLT S O sanh thuofng dung vdri more, less, va as c6n c6 BAI TAP ^
c^ch khac de diin ta sir so sAnh 18. C h o n tijf diing de d i e n vao ch6 tro'ng tuy theo
nghia. (Choose the correct completion a c c o r d i n g to
Loai I:
the meaning)
Like (giong vdri)
A is similar to (tiTcfng tiT vdri) B 1. Tom's (old) than Binh; so Binh's (young) „..
than Tom.
Different from (khac vdri
(T6m thi Ian tudi han Binh; vdy Binh nhd tu6i han Tom)
Vd:
• Lien is like her mother in many ways. a) more old - more young c) more old - younger
b) older - more young d) older - younger
(Li^n giong me c6 dy thao nhiiu each)
• His new coat is similar to his father's 2. In English, Mai's (good) „ than Thuy; so Thuy's (bad)
(Ao khodc mat ciia anh dy tuang tu nhiC do khodc mdi cua ..„._ than Mai.
cha anh dy) (Trong mon tieng Anh, Mai gioi han Thuy; vdy Thuy dd
han Mai)
• The new clothes are different from the old ones
a) gooder - badder c) better - worse
(Qudn do mdi thi khac vdi qudn do cu)
Loai I I b) more good - more bad d) better - worst
alike (giong nhau) 3. English, French, and Chinese are all foreign languages.
A and B are similar (tiTcfng tir nhau) Chinese is (difficult) „ and English is (easy)
Different (khac nhau) (Ti&'ng Anh, tieng Phdp, vd ti^'ng Hoa diu Id ngoai ngd.
Vd: TiS'ng Hoa tlii kho nhdt, con tiS'ng Anh thi di nhdt)
• A college and a high school are alike a) the most difficult - the most easy
(Mot trUang coo ddng vd mot trUdng trung hoc thi giong nhau) b) the most difficult - the easiest
• Jane and her sister look very similar c) the difficultest - the easiest
(Jane vd em gdi c6 dy rdt giong nhau) d) b + c
• American customs and European customs are often different. 4. This exercise isn't very difficult. The next exercise is
(Pliong tuc cua My vd phong tuc cua chdu Au thudng khdc nhau) (difficult) than this one.
(Bdi tap nay klwng kho Idm. Bdi tap kho han bdi tap
ndy nhiiu)
a) much more difficult c) more difficult much
b) more much difficult d) a + b
99
98
- VIII. so SANH vd! SIMILAR, LIKE, ALIKE VA DIFFERENT
Ngoai SLT S O sanh thuofng dung vdri more, less, va as c6n c6 BAI TAP ^
c^ch khac de diin ta sir so sAnh 18. C h o n tijf diing de d i e n vao ch6 tro'ng tuy theo
nghia. (Choose the correct completion a c c o r d i n g to
Loai I:
the meaning)
Like (giong vdri)
A is similar to (tiTcfng tiT vdri) B 1. Tom's (old) than Binh; so Binh's (young) „..
than Tom.
Different from (khac vdri
(T6m thi Ian tudi han Binh; vdy Binh nhd tu6i han Tom)
Vd:
• Lien is like her mother in many ways. a) more old - more young c) more old - younger
b) older - more young d) older - younger
(Li^n giong me c6 dy thao nhiiu each)
• His new coat is similar to his father's 2. In English, Mai's (good) „ than Thuy; so Thuy's (bad)
(Ao khodc mat ciia anh dy tuang tu nhiC do khodc mdi cua ..„._ than Mai.
cha anh dy) (Trong mon tieng Anh, Mai gioi han Thuy; vdy Thuy dd
han Mai)
• The new clothes are different from the old ones
a) gooder - badder c) better - worse
(Qudn do mdi thi khac vdi qudn do cu)
Loai I I b) more good - more bad d) better - worst
alike (giong nhau) 3. English, French, and Chinese are all foreign languages.
A and B are similar (tiTcfng tir nhau) Chinese is (difficult) „ and English is (easy)
Different (khac nhau) (Ti&'ng Anh, tieng Phdp, vd ti^'ng Hoa diu Id ngoai ngd.
Vd: TiS'ng Hoa tlii kho nhdt, con tiS'ng Anh thi di nhdt)
• A college and a high school are alike a) the most difficult - the most easy
(Mot trUang coo ddng vd mot trUdng trung hoc thi giong nhau) b) the most difficult - the easiest
• Jane and her sister look very similar c) the difficultest - the easiest
(Jane vd em gdi c6 dy rdt giong nhau) d) b + c
• American customs and European customs are often different. 4. This exercise isn't very difficult. The next exercise is
(Pliong tuc cua My vd phong tuc cua chdu Au thudng khdc nhau) (difficult) than this one.
(Bdi tap nay klwng kho Idm. Bdi tap kho han bdi tap
ndy nhiiu)
a) much more difficult c) more difficult much
b) more much difficult d) a + b
99
98
nguon tai.lieu . vn
