Multimodal discourse analysis

ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ­ ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI Multimodal discourse analysis Discourse analysis Multimodal discourse analysis I, Background to multimodal discourse analysis: Thư Multimodal discourse analysis considers how texts draw on modes of communication such as pictures, film, video, images and sound in combination with words to make meaning in different genres such as web pages, films and television programs. It considers how multimodal texts are designed and how semiotic tools such as color, framing, focus and positioning of elements contribute to the making of meaning in these texts. Halliday (2009a) describes 3 types of social meaning or function that are drawn on simultaneously in the use of language. In multimodal text there are realized visual in: Representational meaning: How the image conveys aspects of the real world Interpersonal/ modal meaning: How the image engages with the viewer Compositional meaning: how the elements in an image are arranged to make a coherent picture in meaning making Questions to ask when doing multimodal discourse analysis What meaning is being made in the text? How is meaning being made in the text? What resources have been drawn on to make the meaning in the text? In what social environment is the meaning being made? Whose interest and agency is at work in the making of the meaning? Le baisser de l’hôtel de ville – the kiss by city hall Robert Doisneau­1950 The picture was taken for a photo spread about Paris lovers for Life magazine in 1950, an image of two lovers kissing, is considered one of the most romantic and popular photos ever taken. Although Doisneau worked in Paris as a street photographer and stole many an intimate moment of Parisian couples, this classic shot was staged. The Kiss becomes the eternity symbol, a picture of the most expensive kiss not only by the value of money but also the mental sense II, Analysis the picture 1, Representational meaning: Huyền The representational meaning of "A kiss" is narrative structure. The photo was shot near Hotel de Ville in the 1950s after the dark days of World War II. Everyone else rushes past, but this kiss is a moment of quiet in the midst of the chaos and busyness of everyday life. The image depicts a young Parisian couple who appear to have stopped impulsively for a passionate kiss. The abrupt appearance of this kiss set against a Parisian backdrop, with its reputation as the city of love, worked together to create an enduring image of romantic love and youthful passion. The shot seems to be taken from a street cafe, with tables and other objects half­ obstructing the view to the street, giving it an immediate tone. The couple stands out mainly because they are stationary while the rest of crowd moves around them. Doisneau`s contrast between the stillness and sharpness of this couple and the blurred figures creates a dynamic component in the picture and draws the viewer`s attention to the couple. A man is holding a woman in his arm (Action process). They are closing their eyes at the same time represented kissing each other (Behavior process). 2, Interpersonal meaning: 2.1, The gaze: Trang Interpersonal meaning: The gaze Interpersonal meaning is concerned with the representation of social relations between the viewer and the subject being represented. We have different choices to organize the interpersonal meaning including the gaze of the represented participant, the size of frame and the vertical camera angle. In terms of the gaze, that means the look set up between the represented participant and the viewer. We also have “demand” gaze – the subject directly looking at the viewer and “offer” gaze – the subject looking away from the viewer, to another object in the picture. Evidently, looking at photo we clearly realize that is a “offer” type of gaze. The choice of the “’offer” types of gaze identified certain communicative purpose. The shot showed a couple kissing each other while walking on the sidewalk filled with pedestrians, in front of a coffee shop... Two adults and the passers in the shot looked away from the viewer. The role’s the other one or the viewer that of an invisible onlooker. According to love concept, this black and white photograph recorded a great moment of love when the pair indifferent exchanged burning kiss in the streets, a kiss without control, demolished the fence opinion. At this moment, they were immersing themselves in love in their world. Besides, “The Kiss” is the classic image forever associated with a romantic Paris 2.2, the size of frame: Lan Although not as iconic as the picture "the sailor kiss", Robert Doisneau’s “The Kiss by the Hôtel de Ville,” taken on a Parisian street in 1950, is considered one of the most romantic and popular photos ever taken. The picture was taken for a photo spread about Paris lovers for Life magazine. The couple was considered a symbol of love in Paris. The photographer took a shot about Parisian life in black and white. His photos usually consist of people on the streets, a pair of kissing lovers can be seen somewhere. It is a medium shot. The couple is framed in the center of the photograph, as the main focal point, as well as being in the center of the crowd with people walking behind them, side of them, and someone is sitting in front of them, the complete focus on the moment which shows the subject – their kiss. The foreground does not really exist in the photo. The middle ground is all of the people along with the cars. The background is of the building and the lamppost. The focal point is the couple kissing However, the photo also has people half out of frame and other elements such as the walkers and cars have motion blurs, which encourages the viewer to fill in the gaps, and move across the photo in a more interactive way. It also creates a sense of depth to the image as it makes it multi­layered with the man in front, then the couple, then the walkers, then the cars, and in the background the hotel, giving the viewer’s eye more to look at and make them feel more a part of the scene taking place as they have a full perspective of picture The size of frame is in focus, emphasizing the subject of the picture. The viewer is drawn close to the subjects, to feel the love of the subjects. The photo is very loving, romantic, and only the feeling of being in love can see this photo. The photo says a lot about freedom and young love as the couple passionately demonstrate it in the middle of the street, careless of the presence of people walking around them. ... - tailieumienphi.vn