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  1. BQ GIAo Dl)C vA oAo TAO TRUONG O~I HQC TONG HQP TP. He CHI MINH 1ted g'~ ., , " PHAN lJ'NGTRIME HOA VONG ARYLIZOXIANAT BANG , " K PHUONG PHAPXUCTACCHUYEN PHA& THAM DO vAl (mG DUNG . ., . - TDI IZOXIANURAT CUA 2,4 A , "" ,., CHUYENNGANH HOA LY-HOALYTHUYET ~ ,., MA SO 1.04.04 TOM TAT A ~ ~ ~ - ~ LU~N AN PHO TIEN SI KHOA HQC HOA HQC THANH PHO HO CHi MINH-1992
  2. u' 6-'~ 1. Lu{m lm dU'Q'c holm thanh t1;\i PhOng Hoa Ly. Hihl cO' cua Trwng N l.>~i hQc Tbng hgp Thanh phf> H6 Chi Minh. NguOi huVng din khoa hoc : 1. GSTS CHU PHAM NGQC SaN 2. PTS LE TH1 NffirT HOA NgWi Dl$1 x6t : - Thtr nhAt : - Thtr hai : Ca quaD nhtn x6t : Lu~n an duvc bao v(? tnrac H{li d6ng chiim Lu~n fm Nha mrac hQpt~i Tru&ng D~i hQc Tbng hgp Thanh phf> H6 Chi Minh VaG Hic gio-. ngay thfmg Dam 1992. Co th~ tim dQClu~n lm nay t~i : . Thu vi~n Khoa hQc Tbng hgp TP. H6 Chi Minh. . Thu vi~n truo-ng D~i hQc Tbng hgp TP. H6 Chi Minh
  3. -I- I - TONG QUAN TAllI~U : Phlul (mg trime bOa vong arylizoxianat t~o thanh nhi'mg hgp chAt izoxianurat b~n nhi~t. ph\! thuQc chit y~u VaG Io~ xiic lac va co ih~ vi~t thee phU'O"llgtrinh phlul (mg sau : 0 II Ar C Ar 'N/ """-N/ Xuc lac 3 Ar NCO ;> d b O~ 'N/ ~O I .-- ,~..,..._. . Ar , !,:
  4. - 2- . Loi.iixuc lac mly co th~ tang hoi.itbAngcach su d\lIlgchdt dimg xUc lac nh\!" hQ'p chAt cpoxi. cacbamat ho~c m(lt baza khic cimg loti xUc tAc [32J. , HQ'P chdt dbng xUc tac' epoxi chAng hi.iD. lac d\lIlg vao xUc lac amin tarn ti.iO thanh m(}t ion lwDg Ulll nh\!" sau : +b R3N + CH2-CILR' ~ R3N GHz_CH_R' "01 "...01 -~ ~R N@-CH -CH-cP 3 2 I R' Niiu co s\! hi~n di(!n cua dung m6i luUng C\!C phi proton. no se an d!nh ion lwng tinh trung gian nay va do do tang v~ tOc phan \mg. c - Xuc tac Iii h{Yp chAt cO' kim : H
  5. - - 3 D6i v&i xUc lac cua nhom II khOng c('mg tn,rc ti6p vao - N=C=O nhu nhom I. tU'O'nglac gifra ion kim lo~i v&i nguyen tir am w9n N ho{\c 0 cua izoxianat lam cho cacbon cua - NCO cang thi~u di{m tIT hall. Dung m6i hrong c,!c phi proton DMF va DMSO co lac d\lIlg bn mrm ion hrong tinh hay chAt phirc t~p t~o thanh do lac d~ cua xuc lac nhom I - NCD. va II leu . M6i xUc lac cua tUng nhom nay co th~ duqc tang ho~t bftng cach sir d\lIlg kbt hQ-p v6i m~t xUc tac cUa nh6m khic cUng lov,i (k~t hqp nhom I v&i nhom II). Vi~c dUng h~ d6ng xuc lac ciing nhom. nhom I-I ho{\c nhom II-II. kh6ng co tac d~. D6i v&i nhom I co th~ tang ho~t bftng KI. d - Xuc tac 1ii mu6i hotic Oxit CUBkim lo{ti kiJm va kii!m th6 Trong trwng hqp nay. ngm'ri ta phai sir d\lIlg dung m6i lu&ng c,!c phi proton m~ nhu DMF ho{\c DMSO d~ gap phiin tang ho~t xuc lac vii boa tan d\r
  6. - 4- , I -tfi- ~ -OH + ArNCO ~ -~ -O-CO...:NH-Ar ~ I I TuO'ng tg nhu tren. nhom uretan t~o thanh nay se dong vai tro obng xUc Lac m~ clio phan Ung trime bOa vong izoxianat t~o sg phim cgc tren nhom NCO. lam clio nguyen tu cacbon cang ngheo di~n tu. U'U diii sg Lac kich than h~ch cua anion xuc tac'vao -NCO.
  7. - - 5 2. MOl TRlJONG 01.TlJONG : 2.1 - Di6u eM : Nam 1985. W.BRODA. E.V.DEHMLOW VA H.J.SCHULZ da cong bb phan img trime hoa vong cac chAt monoizoxianat dtr6-i di~u ki~n xUc lac chuyim pha (XTCP). K~t qua cho thAy phan (mg xay ra r.lt hl111hi~u dtr6-i di~u ki~n oo~ OO
  8. - 6- - II MlJC TIEU NGHIEN CU-U .. Ti~p theo c6ng b6 cua W.BRODA. E.V. DEHMLOW va H.J.SCHULZ nam 1985. chUng t6i su d\illg phtro"ng phiip XTCP d~ di~u ch~ 1(li va nh~n danh them mQt s6 chill arylmonoizoxianat. .. Su d\illg phtrong phiip XTCP d~ di~u ch~ chili trime cua 2.4- TDI. .. Kbao sat di)ng h9C pbiin u-ng trime boa yong cua arylizoxianat. mono- va diizoxianat. trong di~u ki~n cij tu6'ng XTCP. Ben c
  9. - 7- III- KETQUA THl[C NGHI~M VA BI~N LU~N 1. TONG HQP IZOXIANURAT CUA ARYLMONOIZOXIANAT ChUng toi sir d\ffig phmmg philp XTCP khOng dung moi d~ di~u ch~ va nh~ danh mt)t s6 chAt aryhnonoizoxianat : C6H5NCO. p-QQ;H4NCO. m-CIC6H4NCO va m-CH3C6H4NCO. Mubi sir d\illg la NaCN. chAt XTCP Aliquat 336. San phAro sinh ra dUQ"cco l~p va k~t tinh lili trong MeOH. va dUQ"cnh~n danh bAng do di~m Dong chay. phi> hbng ngolli va phan tich nguyen tb. l 3 @- NCO 10%NaCN. 2.57.Aliquat 336) Trime to {Xlong. hong dung moi k :x - a K6t qui : Cac san phAro trime la bt)t trimg mjn. co k~t qua di~u ch~ vanh~ danh nhu sau : BANG1 C6H5NCO Ip- CIC6H4NCO CIC6H4N1m-CH3C6H4NC m- I 2 Iz I2 I2 Therigian I (phut) I I 97 I 97 Hieu suAt I 97 97 (%) I 205 I 318 I 214 Dim nong I 280 ch3.y (0Q Ph6 h6ng 1710; 1412 1724 1400 1724 1408 1710 ; 1414 ; ; .~olli vKBr ( cm-l ) ' Phan ticl: C21H1503N3 C21H1203N3C13!C21HIZ03N3Q3 C24H2103N3 I nguyen to 71.00:4.17;11.36 54.40;2.59;8.87 54.74;2.62;8.81 72.07;5.21;10.241 I 1 CHN (%) ! !
  10. - 8- - Bi~n luf,n b : Ki!t qua cho thfly. phucrng phiip XTCP la mQt ph\lO'ng phiiP. r~t hero hi~u dOi v&i phan irng trime hOa vang arylmonoizoxianat. Nhung chUng ta phai cM y. khOng th~ tang v~t6c ho{ic hi~u su§.t phan (mg bAng cach vira tang nhi~t dQ vira tang nbng dQ cua mc laC va dbng thai chgn mu6i co tinh baw r~t m~ di! co san phAm trime slJ-ch du
  11. - - 9 BANG 2 MuM 2.4- TDI XTCP TMi gian HSI to(OC) (gia) (I.)! roo' I NaCN 4% Aliquat 2% Toluen/benzen pbOng( 30) 24 0.05mol 57 4OmI 70 4OmI 10 CHCI3 . . Toluen 20ml 18 48 0.02mol . . . . . 20 . . . . 51! . 24 55 . . . . . 30 59 . . . . . 36 62 . . . CH3CN20ml 5 1 46 . KCN8% Dibenzo Toluen 2Oml pbOng(30) 26 41 18-crown -6 3%. I . NMndanh : Ila bQt trAng mjn va dinh co di{lctnmg sau day: - Ham hrgng NCO duQ'c do bAng phuung phap bOa h9C sir d\IDg ill n-butylamin [16J trong CH3CN : 96.8% so v6'i ly thuy~t. - Phi>hbng ngo~i \) KBr (cm-l) : : (\) CH~. 2278 (\) Ncd' 1716 (\) c =0 cua vong trime) 2926 1593-1515 (\) Nhan thom). 1407 (\) cua swn izoxianurat). Phi> cho thAy khOng co SJ,rhi{m di~n mill di{lc trung \) C=O cua vong dime a vUng 1785 cm-l [17. 18. 25. 30J va khong co SJ,rhi~n di~n cua polime m~ch thAng dugc di{lctrung bAng mill hAp thu a khoang 1660 cm-l [20J. . Tim hi~u dQ b~n cua 1 San phAro trime diI M~ trong chai d~y kin va cAt ky trong binh him khO v~ mAt ddn cac nhom NCO theo thai gian. SJ,r ki{!n nay cho thAy sau mQt thai gian da gift trong binh him khO. san ph1im tr& thanh khOng bOa tan dugc trong dung moi dll bOa tan dugc trime hIC d&u. Phi> hbng ngo~i cua ciIng mQt m~u san phAm. nhung dugc ch1;ly cach nhau
  12. - 10 - hai tuhn. cho tht..y mOi dQ.c tnmg cua nhom NCO if 2278 cm' cling ng~n Jim va xuAt hi~n mt1i Nfl a vUng > 3400 cm '. ChUng to nh6m NCO dii m~t mi>t phAn d~ tao thanh cacbamat. 51,1'kj~n nay ciing du
  13. - 11 - !If Nh~n danh : Sim phAro la Iii mgt bgt trAng cSn ~. khOng co tinh barn dinh nhtr 1. co d~c trung sau day: - PhcS hlmg \) KEr ngo~ (em-I) : 3436 (\)NH ). 2960 (\) CH:3). 1708 (\) C=O cua vong trime). 1418 (\) cua swn izoxianurat), 1234 (\) CO- 0). Phi>eho thAy mill d~e trung eua nhom NCO {y 2278 eml dii mAt hAll. - Phan tieh nguyen tb : C3OH3009N6 C% H% N% ,...---..-- .., -~- i"" c-;-~;'--,., ,';,:;
  14. 12 - - b Di~u ch~ Ib - NCO ~ "3 013 0 0 ~ N/C'-N@NCO I 1+ C" 2 -O-I-n-IOB 30-1 dung moi cua J C / _°"2 .. ~0 0~ 0 holm 3 gi& hru ./ N 0 ~ !'.'B-C-OOI -CH-rJI r 2 '- 2 ~ 0 II3C 0 0 013 0 0 NCO C @N/ '-N.@lNlJ-C-OaI -aI-a', CH " 2 ,I 3 d h 0 0 o~ N./ "'0 . r81 ~~ NIH- am - OJ-OJ . 2 \/2 0 0 3 II 1b (937.) d~ dang va cl1ng khong cAnxu~ tlic. (mg xay ra .do hidro TI18.n- linh d(Jng dla glLxi
  15. - - 13 - DONG HQC CUA PHAN LING TRIME HOA yaNG 3 ARYLMONOIZOXIANAT ChUng tei kMo sat dQng hQc phan Ung trime bOa vang cua aryimonoizoxianat C6HsNCO. p-CIC6H4NCO. m-ClC6H4NCO va m -CH3C6H4NCO v6i bazO' 1a. mu6i NaCN vii chell XTCP 1a. Aliquat 336 trong dung mei axelonilril trong khoang nhi~t dQ tlI 17°C dim 430C [2]. )( ~ J8J , y. ,~ NCOIOX 5X . NaCN. ~ twa du 50m1l d b ,~ "3 '- ./ . Allq..! 336 N/ 'N 07 ~ CH CN ~m~ ~ ~o l8J 0 = O. [aryimonoizoxianat] = ° Cr th&i di&m t a )< = X = t. [arylmonoizoxianath a - 3x t a : n6ng dQ ban dAu cua arylmonoizoxianal x : n6ng dQ cua izoxianurat t1J.Othanh = koo't + ~ PhU'O'Ilg trinh dQng hQc b~c 2 : 1 - 3x) 3(a 3a D6 theo doi v~n t6c phan Ung. chUng lei sir d\lllg phU'O'Ilgpilap dp1h 1U'Q'ngnhom NCO can 1~ tll'ng th&i di~m (t) [16]. K~t qua lhgc nghi~m kill dQ chuy~n hoa phan (mg d~t 70-80% cho thely. dQng hQc cUa phan ii'ng lrime hoa vong cac aryimonoizoxianal v&i mu6i NaCN va. chell XTCP Aliquat 336 thuQc lo~ phuO'Dg lrinh b~c 2 theo n6ng d{> cUa monome. ChUng Wi Slr d\lIlg phep giai Uch h6i quy va. phllO'ng pMp binh phllO'Dg t6i lhi6u ap d\mg cho phuO'ng trinh hbi quy tuy~n tinh d6 sur ra cac hAng s6 v*n t6c k. cac thOng s6 ho~t hoa 6J{: va. 6.S:::. trt s6 p cua Hammett va. khoang tin c~y tUO'DgUng ; va. kern theo do co cho tr! s6 cua h~ s6 tllO'ng quaD r 116bi~l v~ muc dQ tuyim tinh cua cac di~m dang quail sat [5].
  16. - 14 - 3.1 - K6tqua : 3.1.1 - C6HSNCO BANG 3 : Hftng s6 v~n t6c k. khoang tin c{ty KTC(k) +u6i v&i )}ac su§.t . . .,. A !P = 0.95. h() so ;.tro'ng quaD r. c-rc thOng so ho?-t hoa illl- va uS-. khoimg = 0.95 cua tin c~y KTC(Lili-) va KTC(/;;,S-) v&iP pMn \rng trime boa vong C6H5NCO thee nhi~t QQ. . I 316 290 311 306.5 i T( oK) I 2.39 0.64 1.53 1.77 k.lO+ 3mo}-l.s-l I i iKTC(k).1~3moH.s-l 0.13 0.37 0.49 I r 0.998 0.995 0.997 0.998 i f 6H~ :t KTC(LJt- ) I I 8.5 ~ 1.6 kcal .mol-l i , + I/;;,s -:t KTC(/;;,S :t) I -43.86:' 5.10 calX~ mol-l I r 0.998 3.1.2 - p- C1C6H4NCO BANG 4 : HfLngs6 v~n tbc k. khoang tin c~y KTC(k) ubi v&i xac ., . f+ suii.~ P = 0.95. M so ttro'ng quan r. cae thOng so ho~t hOa 6H- va .65:'. khoang tin e~y KTC (Lili~) va KTC (/;;,S~) v&i P = 0.95 eua puan trag trime hoa vong p- ClC6H4NCO thee nhi~t u{> i i recK) 293 307 311 316 I I ik.1O+3mo1-l.s-1 1.17' 1.~ I : I I , , I I : I 0.26 I i KTC(k).lOt3moH.s-l I 1.48 0.40 0.89 , I , I I I , I i r I 0.994 0.995 0.997 0.996 , I I I I I I I I I Lili~! KTC(L6H~ ) ! I i 5.5.! 1.0 kca1.mo1-l j + ... I I 6s -:t KTC(/;;,S '"') I ! cal.Wl .mol-l -53.20::' 3.20 r 0.998
  17. - - 15 3.1.3 - m-C1C6H4NCO BANG5 : HAng sO v~n tOe k, khoang tin e~y KTC(k) ubi v6i xae = suilt P 0,95, h~ sO tU'O'llg quan r, cae thong sO ho~t h6a Lili.! va = L,S=, khoang tin c~y KTC (Lili-!.) va KTC (L,S!) v&i P 0,95 cua phan (mg trime bOa yang ')"11.- lC6H4NCO thee nhi~t at) C BANG 5 T I 293 307 311 316 T(OK) I k.lO+ 3moH.s-l 2.45 1.51 2.88 2,29 I KTC(k) .10+3mol-l.s-l 0.24 0.34 0.53 0.65 r 0.992 0.993 0,998 0.990 I Lili! KTC(Lili-!. ) 1: kcal.moH 4,5.! 1.0 L,s !:t KTC(Lili 1: ) -56.rn : 3,20 ea1.K-l.mol-l r 0.997 3.1.4 - m-CH3C£fi4NCO chUng toi chi khilO sat hAng so Rieng uOi v6i m-tolylizoxianat, v~n tOe k & 38°C va eo k~t qua sau day r :0,993 k.1O+3morl.s-1: 1.62 KTC(k).10+3.mol-l.s.1: 1.35 BANG 6 : Cae trl sO thOng sO ho~t bOa. khoang tin c~y tren pMp tinh dOi v&i xae xuilt P = 0,95 va h~ sO tU'O'ng quan r cua phan (mg trime bOa yang tily thee tUng arylmonoizoxianat.
  18. - - 16 BANG 6 i I ' i ~ I ~y~ono- i I ! p-ClC6H,j'lCO C6H5NCO m-ClC6H4NCO ~Q}aanat I I ,... - i I , I IThOng , I s6 ~I boat bOa I I I ; I. t i I . I ,+ + I I DB- + KTC( DB-) I I ' I + + I + - - I 1.6 5.5 - 1.0 8.5 I 4.5 1.0 kcaLmol-1 I I ! i I I I I ! + ,+ I I : i I I6s - + I I KTC( 6S -) I I -43.86 !. 5.10 ' -53.20!. 3.20 -56.08!. 3.20 i I caLK-I.mol-l I I I I ! , I ! I I ! r 0.998 0.998 0.997 j [ i I I 3.2 - Kbio I!t bi~u 'Cmg4i~n tU-cUa nhbmthb tron nhAn tham BANG7 : S1,l' thay dbi cua log k theo 0 cua Hammett i:r38°C Nh6m th~ 1 r I I X 0 Hammett k.IO+ 3mol-l.s-1 log k I I I I I I m- Cl 0.373 2.45 -2.6108 I I p-Cl 0.227 2.12 -2.6737 H 0 i 1.77 i -2.7520 m- CH3 -0.069 1.62 -2.7905 I : I Tit phlrO'ng trinh hbi quy tuyfm HIm bi~u di6n cho log k theo O. La guy ra 1.1'1b p va h~ s6 tlrO'ngquail r i:r 38°C nhu san: s = 0.95 p : 0.39 KTC(p) : 0.08 vo-i P r : 0,998 ~ 3.3 - BiOn : a - Tit cac k~t qua th1,l'C nghi$m. ta co th~ th~y dmg pMn ftng trime hOa vang arylmonoizoxianat trong di~\1 ki~n XTCP nhu dii mo tA cling thee dUng b?c 2 nhu trong trwng h?'P phim (mg dUQ'c th\rc hi~n trong di~u ki{m dbng tuemg. b - Hfmg s6 k ho~c kdo tinh thee phiill \rng b~c 2 co trj s6 khi cb dinti cho mbi nhi$t d{\. Di~u mly rlit 15' tM va dua-ng bi6u
  19. - - 17 log kdolT theo lIT hi mQt threrng thlmg ch(mg to r~g v&i = ko[Q+. kdo CN- (dung Q;HsNCO Th~ t'! nay ph\l h
  20. - - 18 - ~'.(~ Nh6m the cling rut di~n tu-.\(\,[.,..t~o n6i giila C va N cua hai phan tu- arylizoxianat cling d~ dang va nhi~u. him cho tr~ thai chuy~n ti~p cang kern t\l' do. do d6 lili 1: cling it dU'O'ngva .6.51: cling am. 4 - aONG HOC CUA PHAN lING TRIMEH6A VONG CUA 2,4- TDI DQng hQc cua phan Ung trime bOa vong 2.4-TDI cUng dUQ'c khao sat trong dung moi axetonitril v6i bazO' Ia mu6i NaCN va chAt XTCP Aliquat 336 trong khoang nhi~t dQ tft 50C dim 21oC [3]. NCD ~ /Q{3 . 0 @x ~ /C......... 47. NaCN. 27. Aliquat 336 N N/ NCD 3 d b Cl\CN (vfta diI 50mlT ~NCO NCD O.OSmol O~C$i:o CH3 a thai = O. =a di~m : t D [TDI] 0 = a - 3x = t. t [TDIh x a nOng dQ ban dAu cua 2.4-TDI : x ; nOng di) cua izoxianurat ; tl,\O thanh. PhU'O'ng trinh dQng hQc b~c 2 : I = kdo.t + I - 3x) 3a 3(a 4.1 - K6t qua : K~t qua th\lC nghi~m cOng cho thAy. dQng hQc cua phan irng trimc h6a vong 2.4-TDI v&i muOi NaCN va chAt XTCP Aliquat 336 cOng thuQc lo
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