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ABC analysis
Learning outcomes
At the end of this lecture, students should be able to
Use the ABC approach to classify the inventory into A, B and C
Understand the reasons why inventory should be classified
What is ABC analysis?
ABC analysis is an inventory categorization method which consists in dividing items into three categories (A, B, C):
A being the most valuable items, C being the least valuable ones.
This method aims to draw managers’ attention on the critical few (A-items) not on the trivial many (C-items).
The Pareto principle
VILFREDO PARETO (1848-1923)
20% of population owns 80% of nations wealth
20% of employees cause 80% of problems
20% of items accounts for 80% of firms expenditure
The ABC analysis
The ABC approach states that a company should rate items fromA to C, basing its ratings on the following rules:
A-items are goods which annual consumption value is the highest; the top 70-80% of the annual consumption value of the company typically accounts for only 10-20% of total inventory items.
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