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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 16: Public finance: Expenditures and taxes

After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Identify the main categories of government spending and the main sources of government revenue; summarize the different philosophies regarding the distribution of a nation's tax burden; explain the principles relating to tax shifting, tax incidence, and the efficiency losses caused by taxes; demonstrate how the distribution of income between rich and poor is affected by government taxes, transfers, and spending. 16 Public Finance: Expenditures a

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16 Public Finance: Expenditures and Taxes McGraw­Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Government and the Circular Flow (1) Costs (1) Money income (rents, wages, interest, profits) (2) Resources RESOURCE MARKET (2) Land, labor, capital Entrepreneurial ability (7) Expenditures (10) Goods and services BUSINESSES Net taxes (11) (8) Resources (9) Goods and services GOVERNMENT HOUSEHOLDS Net taxes (12) (5) Expenditures (6) Goods and services (4) Goods and services PRODUCT MARKET (4) Goods and services (3) Revenues (3) Consumption expenditures LO1 16-2 Government Finance • Government purchases • Exhaustive • Transfer payments • Nonexhaustive • Borrowing and deficit spending • Opportunity cost is low during recession; high during growth LO1 16-3 Government Finance Government purchases, transfers, and total spending as percentages of U.S. output 40 35 Government 30 transfer payments 15% 25 5% 20 15 10 22% Government 5 purchases 20% 0 Year 1960 2009 LO1 16-4 Federal Expenditures LO1 16-5 ... - tailieumienphi.vn
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