1. Trang Chủ
  2. Xã hội học
  3. Human behavior in the social environment systems theory and the ecological perspective

Human behavior in the social environment systems theory and the ecological perspective

Human behavior in the social environment systems theory and the ecological perspective provided the medical model an early model for social work practice,the systems ecological perspective, biological influences,review bio psycho social influences, systems, boundaries,a change in one part of a system affects all partshomeostatic disequilibrium adaptation, the family as a social system. HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT SYSTEMS THEORY AND THE ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE The biological, psycholo

Thể loại Tài liệu miễn phí Xã hội học

Số trang 23

Ngày tạo 8/30/2018 4:41:53 AM +00:00

Loại tệp PPT

Kích thước 0.12 M

Tên tệp

Tải Human behavior in the social environment systems t... (.pdf)

Xem mẫu

  1. HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT SYSTEMS THEORY AND THE ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE The biological, psychological, and sociological influences on human development A bio-psycho-social perspective This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: •Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; •Preparation of any derivative work, including extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; •Any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Andrew T. Nilsson, Ph.D. Andrew T. Nilsson, Ph.D. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Eastern Connecticut State University Eastern Connecticut State University
  2. THE MEDICAL MODEL An early model for social work practice • STUDY • DIAGNOSIS • TREATMENT • CURE • Assessment • DSM IV •Focus on the individual with the problem • Therapy •Assumes the professional has the knowledge • Cure? and power to cure Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  3. THE SYSTEMS/ECOLOGICAL PERSPECIVE BIOLOGICAL ROOTS • Ecology – The complex relationship between living things and their environment. • Symbiosis – Mutual dependence – each part needs each other part – each takes from and gives to the environment SOCIAL WORK PERSPECTIVE • Views person-in-environment; takes focus off the individual • Utilizes a bio-psycho-social perspective • Contributes to a strengths perspective/empowerment vs. Deficit and dependency (I’m O.K. – You’re not O.K.) Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  4. THINK AND SHARE What were the bio-psycho-social factors that had most influence in making you the person you are today? • BIOLOGICAL FACTORS? • PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS? • SOCIAL FACTORS? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  5. BIOLOGICAL INFLUENCES • Common biological factors: – Physical appearance; sex; race; age; abilities or disabilities; family history of inheritable conditions such as cancer, alcoholism, schizophrenia, depression, etc. • Do we start with a clean slate? – No. At birth our slate is already written on by by heredity – But environmental factors influence the unfolding of biological development. Einstein would not have become Einstein if he had been born into a family that could not feed him or who failed to provide him with intellectual stimulation. • Is biology destiny? – The nature-nurture, heredity v. environment debate – Can we modify biological inheritance? Genetic engineering, mapping of the human genome, genetic selection Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  6. PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCES • Intelligence Personality Self-image • Where does your psychological make-up come from? – Inheritance (biology) – Experiences (sociology) • Cooley’s looking glass self – we learn who we are from how others treat us • Useful theory? One person may be strengthened by growing up with an alcoholic parent; another destroyed. What makes the difference? • Important issue – application of theory to practice: – If behavior learned (a response to environment) it can be unlearned – If behavior inherited, change may be more problematic. • Can the leopard change its spots? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  7. SOCIAL INFLUENCES • People: Family and family relationships; relationships with key individuals (parent, grandparent, spouse, significant other) – Influence can be positive or negative; nurturing and supportive or destructive – Clearly people are an important part of the factors which make us who we are. • Social environment: community, neighborhood • Economics: economic status influences resources and opportunities available to the individual • Religion Moral: bio-psycho-social factors interact to make us who we are. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  8. REVIEW BIO-PSYCHO-SOCIAL INFLUENCES • BIOLOGICAL INFLUENCES: – Physical appearance; sex; race; age; abilities or disabilities; family history of inheritable conditions such as cancer, alcoholism, schizophrenia, depression, etc. • PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCES: – Intelligence, personality, self-image • SOCIOLOGICAL INFLUENCES: – People (family, peers, significant others), social environment (community, neighborhood), economics, religion Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  9. SYSTEMS THEORY A way of looking at individuals and their complex environment; the interactive patterns between people, groups, and institutions System: • A group of objects within a boundary • Each object has a defined function and structural relationship to the other objects within the system • The objects are engaged in a dynamic process Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  10. SYSTEMS solar system clock human body • Boundary • Defined function • Structural relationship • Dynamic process Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  11. BOUNDARIES • Separate system from external environment – other systems • Separate subsystems within the system • Separate “personal space” – define individual units which comprise the system • Boundaries may be permeable or impermeable – Closed systems – self-contained; little influence form outside – Open systems – active exchange with external environment Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  12. A CHANGE IN ONE PART OF A SYSTEM AFFECTS ALL PARTS HOMEOSTASIS - DISEQUILIBRIUM - ADAPTATION What would happen if Earth were destroyed by a nuclear war? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  13. A CHANGE IN ONE PART OF A SYSTEM AFFECTS ALL PARTS HOMEOSTASIS - DISEQUILIBRIUM - ADAPTATION Earth becomes cosmic dust. The gravitational balance of the solar system is thrown out of wack. DISEQUILIBRIUM Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  14. A CHANGE IN ONE PART OF A SYSTEM AFFECTS ALL PARTS HOMEOSTASIS - DISEQUILIBRIUM - ADAPTATION Gradually the planets settle into new orbits. A new equilibrium (homeostasis) is achieved. ADAPTATION Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  15. HUMAN SYSTEMS SOCIETY – OUR SOCIAL SYSTEM •The systems perspective portrays society as a smoothly operating network of social EDUCATION FAMILY institutions. • Each institution performs some function or functions ECONOMY essential to the maintenance of the society. RELIGION •Our social institutions are interdependent. Each relies on and supports the others. LEGAL POLITICS •A change in one social institution will impact the entire society. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  16. HUMAN SYSTEMS SOCIETY – OUR SOCIAL SYSTEM •Equifinality refers to the fact EDUCATION that there are many different FAMILY means to the same ends. • Social institutions take different forms in other ECONOMY societies; perform their essential functions in different ways. RELIGION •The boundary of our social system is the outer limit of LEGAL people who live by our social POLITICS institutions – the American way of life. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  17. THE FAMILY AS A SOCIAL SYSTEM THE SMITH FAMILY FATHER JOHN MOTHER MARY Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  18. THE FAMILY AS A SOCIAL SYSTEM The Smith family: Father, mother, John, Mary • What are the elements of the Smith family system? • What are the boundaries of the Smith family system? – Nuclear family – Extended family • Each member has a role (essential function)to play – Father: instrumental role (bread winner) – Mother: expressive/affective role (homemaker/nurturer) – Children? • What about Fleazie, the Smith family cat? – In work with families, the relevant system may not be the biological nuclear family. May include other relatives and/or unrelated household members. Family is best defined by the people who live in it. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  19. SUBSYSTEMS IN THE SMITH FAMILY Put focus on different aspects of family functioning • Parental unit • Marital unit • Siblings • Parent-child subsystem(s) Change and the Smith family system: • Change in one part of a system effects all parts • What happens when Mrs. Smith gets a job? Is the Smith family an open or closed family system? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
  20. SYSTEM LEVELS • Microsystems – The smallest unit of analysis – typically the individual. • Mezzo systems – Typically small groups in which individuals are involved – family, friendship groups, work groups. • Macro systems – The largest units of analysis – society, culture, social institutions, communities, organizations • Exosystems – Systems outside the immediate area of analysis which may have an impact on it Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2003
nguon tai.lieu . vn
Chính trị học Báo chí - Truyền thông Xã hội học Giáo dục học Tâm lý học Lịch sử - Văn hoá Triết học Ngôn ngữ học Thư viện thông tin Văn học nước ngoài Ngư nghiệp Hành chính - Pháp luật Địa lý - Địa danh Văn học Việt nam Lịch sử Đảng CNXH - KH Tư Tưởng HCM Ngụ ngôn - Cổ tích Ca dao - Tục ngữ Hoá học Sinh học Y khoa - Dược Kinh tế học