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- Hợp tác Việt - Trung trong vấn đề biên giới trên địa bàn hai tỉnh Quảng Ninh và Quảng Tây từ năm 1991 đến năm 2010
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- HOP TAG VllT-TRUNG TRONG V A N D £ B | £ N GIQTI
T R £ N DjA BAN HAr T I N H QUANG NINH VA QUANG TAY
TUTNAM 1991 D E N N A M 2010
N G 6 T H I LAN PHUONG'
1. Vfli nfit vg t i n h h i n h bifin gifiri Vitft- euOc etfng hflng ngfly, sfiu xa hOn nfi cung
T r u n g trfin dja phtfn h a i t i n h Qu&ng phan finh nhiJng tfic dtfng bUdc dtfu td
N i n h - Q u i n g Tay trUdc nflm 1991 (tiif k h i nhflng chfnh sfich dtfi mdi cua Dang vfl Nhfl
Vifit N a m dtfi mdi 1986 dtfn triidc 1991) nUdc ta dtfi vdi khu vxfc bifin gidi.
Quang Ninh (Vi§t Nam) vfl Quang Tfly Tgi khu vi^c bifin gidi gifip ranh hai tinh
(Trung Qufic) cd chung 132,8km ductng bifin Quang Ninh • Quang Tfly, sau chitfn tranh
gidi trfin dtft litfn vfl 250km bifin gidi trfin bifin gidi (1979), cfic hogt dfing quan ly
bien (1), trong dd khu vitc titfp giflp trUe dudng bifin, ctft mfic phfa Vi$t Nam dU0c
titfp Ifl Thflnh pho Mfing Cfii (Quang Ninh) tfing cudng. Bifin phfing tinh Quang Ninh
vfl Thfinh phtf Dfing HUng (Quang Tfiy). dfi titfn hflnh dflng kf kitfm soflt dUdc hon
Quan h$ gifla hai dia phUOng Quang Ninh- 17 ngfln lUdt ngUdi ra vflo, di lai lflm fln d
Quang Tfiy da ed td lfiu trong Ijeh sul vfi khu vdc bifin gidi, trong nflm 1986-1987,
duoc khdi dtfu t d quan hfi giao lUu bufin phflt hifin dU
- Tinh hinh hgp tdc V i a - Trung...
ban ph\i nd tre em da diSn ra kha phdc tgp ldn. Cling trong nflm nfly, UBND tinh
tren tofin tuytfn bifin gidi gifla hai tinh. Quang Ninh da phtfi h0p vdi bifin phfing
Trudc tinh hinh dd, thfing 11-1988, Ban bf tinh, khao sfit tofin b0 tuytfn bifin gidi dfl't
thu Trung Udng Dang ra thfing b&o stf liln gifip vdi Quang Tfiy, ding thdi dUa dfln
118/BBT cho phfip nhfln dfin hai bfin bifin ra efie vdng gifip bifin, djnh canh djnh cU
gidi duoc qua lai thfim thfin, trao dtfi hflng trfin tofln tuytfn hifin gidi. NhU vfiy, ehfnh
hda thitft ytfu phuc vy ddi stfng vfl san xufl't. sfich md cda dfl t h l hi^n rfi rflng nhflng mflt
ty ban Nhfin dfin (UBND) tlnh Quang tfeh cdc, b$ m^t kinh ttf-xfi h^i ci khu vuc
Ninh trfin tinh thfin dfi dfi cho ttf chdc 4 giflp ranh hai tinh dfi cd nhifiu dfi'i mdi,
dilm qua lgi tren bifin gidi vdi Quang Tfiy hogt dfing mpi mflt phong phu hdn, d6i
lfi: eda khtfu Ka Long, eda khtfu P6 Hfin, sfi'ng nhfln dfln dUOc cai thifin hdn. Nhflng
cda khtfu Bfic Phong Sinh vfi cda khtfu hudc titfn triln d i n dtfn d khu vUc bifin gidi
Hoflnh MQ, bfit dtfu cho hoat dong vflo 5-2- hai tinh nfii rifing, bifin gidi hai nude ndi
1989, dong th&i m6 thfim hai dilm giao djch chung Ifl budc ehuln bi quan trong vfl thUe
trao dfi'i hflng hda d Vgn Gia vfl Mui Ngoc. sU cfln thitft cho nhflng thay dli ljch sd vflo
Td sau thfing bfio 118, tinh hinh bifin gidi nfim 1991 khi hai nUdc chfnh thdc binh
hai tinh cd nhieu ehuyin bifi'n mdi, trong thudng hda quan hfi.
nflm 1989, ed 130.000 ngUdi Trung Qutfc tit
Nhu vfly, giai doan 1986-1991 quan hfi
Quang Tay sang Vifit Nam vfl 100.000
gifla hai tinh Quang Ninh vfl Quang Tfiy
ngUdi Viet Nam i^' Quang Ninh sang
chUa cd mfii lifin hfi ngoai giao-kinh ttf-vfln
Trung Quoc (3). Trong stf nfly, ngofli nhfin
hda cua chfnh quyen hai tinh. Hoat dong
dfin d cac xa ven bifin, cdn cd mot Iilc lUdng
chu ytfu vfln Ifl cua cU dfin bifin gidi hai bfin
dfing dao nhfin dfln cflc huyfin thi sau trong
thflm thfin vfi mua bfin hflng hfia mang
nfii dia hai tinh Quang Ninh-Quang Tfiy
tfnh tu phat. Dieu dd eho thfl'y sU ehi phoi
sang hai ben bien gidi lfim fin bufin ban vfl
tfl't yeu tinh hinh quan hfi hai nUdc d^i vdi
di du lieh. Tuy nhifin, trfin bien, I^i d\ing ta
cfic mfii quan hfi dia phUdng vfi sU phu
mci cda bifin gidi, tfiu thuyfin Trung Quoc til
thuoc chfit che cua quan hfi hai tinh vao
Quang Tay thudng xuyen xam phgm vdng
moi quan hfi qutfe gia dd. Trfin eO sd do, tfl
biln cua ta vdi so lUdng ldn, cfi ngfly Ifin
nflm 1991, trong boi canh mdi cua quan hfi
dtfn hflng trfim chitfc. Mfic dd tinh trgng d ^
Vifit-Trung, tinh hinh bifin gidi d i n di vao
dtfu vfl hogt dong vii trang trfin bifin gidi
on dinh, Quang Ninh vfl Quang Tfiy mdi
giam di r5 rfit, Vifit Nam cung mdi vifie tfeh
thiet Iflp quan hfi chinh thdc ctfp tinh dong
cue md cilia v i n tfing eUdng kiem soat chflt
thcti cung bat dflu khcii dfing cho nhflng
che tinh hinh an ninh bifin gidi. Dtfn thfing
hoat dfing kinh ttf - chfnh trj - vfln hda cfl'p
11-1990, Tinh uy Quang Ninh cd chu
dia phUdng cua hai nhfl nUdc mfit each
trUOng md thfing con dudng bign gidi tfl Hai
chinh thtfng. Trong tong t h l cfic linh vUc
Yfin Ifin P6 Hfin-vtfn Ifl con dudng thdi ki
quan htf gifla hai nUde trfin dja bfin hai tinh
chitfn tranh bien gidi gai nhitfu chfing min
tfl sau 1991, vdi phgm vi bfli bflo nfiy,
nfin hi ctfm di lgi. Vitfe thfing tuytfn ducfng
chdng tfii xin chi de cfip dtfn Hnh vUc hdp
cd y nghia kinh ttf xa hfii vfi an ninh qutfc
tac bifin gidi-mfit Imh vdc cd y nghia an
phong to ldn doi vdi triln vong phflt triln
ninh ehfnh trj vfl cd tflc dfing ldn Ifin cfie
ca mfit khu vdc bifin gidi Vifit-Trung rfing
mflt quan hfi khac.
- 48 Rghtftn eihi Idch adr. atf 11.3
2. T i n h h i n h h(?p tfic Vitft-Trung t r o n g thdm hdi qua lg,i hOu nghj, truyin thdhg di
vtfn d l bifin gidi trfin dja bfln h a i t i n h biin biSn gidi Trung-Vi$t thdnh biin gidi
Q u a n g N i n h vfl Qu&ng Tfiy tit n&m hba binh hOu ngh(... cd hai bin diu ttSng^
1991 dtfn n&m 2010. gidi quyit dUdng biin gidi vd nhOng vdn di
Hijp tfic gifla hai nUdc Vi^t-Trung trong ldnh thS khdc m^t cdeh hba binh thdng qua
vfi'n dfi bifin gidi ndi chung vfi trfin dja phfin ddm phdn" (4).
hai tinh Quang Ninh - Quflng Tfiy ndi rifing Cfing an cdng bifin phfing tinh Qufing
tfip trung vfio hai vfl'n dfi chu ytfu lfi gifl gin Ninh vfi cfing an Qufing Tfiy, Ttfng dfii bifin
bao v§ trj an khu v^c bifin gidi vfi phfln gidi phfing Qufing Tfiy dfl gfip gd, trao dli vl
cflm mtfe. Dfly Ifl hai hogt d^ng htft ade tinh hinh an ninh trfit tu hai bfin bifin gifii
quan trpng khfing chi trong vi^c dfim bio vfl thu tt^c qua lgi bifin gidi, cufii cdng hai
sU tofln vgn bifin gidi Iflnh thtf mfl cfin Ifl tinh dfi ky bifin ban ghi nhd vfi phfii hpp gid
hogt dtfng titfn dfi tao dilu ki$n cho cflc llnh gin trflt td trj an khu vi^c bifin gidi theo chi
vUc trao dfi'i hpp tfic khfic gifla hai nude qua dgo cua TU (kf ktft thflng 6-1992). Hflng
dia bfln hai tinh di6n ra sufin a^, thufin l(?i. nflm hai bfin dtfu duy tri hoat dfing gflp gfi
Bfi't cd sU bfi't tfn bifin gidi nflo tai dfiy dfiu trao dfi^i kinh nghifim vfl bfln bifin phfip
cd anh hudng trUc tifi'p dtfn tlnh hinh hi?p phtfi hpp thac hifin, chi dao cfing an, bifin
tflc gida hai bfin tren cac linh vUe cdn lgi, phdng cfic dja phUdng bifin gidi, Thj xfi
mfl bilu hifin dfi thfl'y vfl tde thi nhfl't Ifl Dfing HUng vfl Thj xa Mdng Cfii hop lufin
phifin hfing thflng, hpp tfic trong cfing tfic
trao dfi'i thUOng mai Vifit-Trung qua dja
phong ehtfng toi phgm. Nflm 1993, eong an
bfln hai tinh ed t h l bj ngUng tr$.
bifin phfing Dfing HUng da 5 I l n sang lflm
- Hap tdc trong viec bdo ve tri an khu vific vdi don bien phong cijta khtfu Mfing Cfli
uUc biin gidi
vfi ngUpc lai. 6 cfic huyfin bifin gidi khflc
Y thde sfiu sflc y nghia cua vific bao vfi eua hai tinh cung difin ra nhflng cufic gflp
bien gidi Vifit-Trung doi vdi sU phfit triln gfi, bfln bgc giai quytft cfic vfl'n de trflt tU an
cua tinh, lUe lUpng efing an vfl bien phong ninh bifin gidi.
eua ca hai tinh Quang Tfiy vfl Quang Ninh
da phoi hpp nhifiu hinh thdc true titfp vfl Tuy nhifin vflo thdi dilm dd, tinh hinh
gian titfp nh^m bao v$ tri an khu vUc bifin an ninh bifin gidi vSn di§n ra phdc tgp,
gidi nhU: trao tra ngilfii vi pham phap lufit, hoat di^ng vi phgm chu quytfn bifin gidi dfl't
dtfu tranh ehtfng tfii phgm, ehtfng xufi't lifin vfl bifin gidi trfin biln vfln tfii diln.
nhfip canh trai phfip vfl xd ly nhflng vi Nfim 1995, Quang Ninh da phfit hifin, ngfin
phgm trong quan ly xufi't nhfip canh, xutft chfin 290.676 lUpt ngUdi, 5675 lUpt tflu bfi
nhfip bien. phfa Trung Quoc vi phgm, dtfn thang 12-
Tren tinh thtfn cua Hi$p dinh tgm thSi 1996 cd 730 lUpt ngUdi vfi 85 Iln dfin Trung
kl ngfiy 7-11-1991 vfi m\ie 5 trong Thfing Qutfc ddng thutfc n l sang dfinh bfit hai san
cfio 11 dilm chung gifla hai nUde ban hfinh trfin khu vdc sfing giflp ranh (5).
10-11-1991 ndi ro: Trude tinh hinh trfin, nflm 1997, CWnh
"Hai ben thoa thudn tiep tuc cdc bi^n phu Vi$t Nam ban hfinh efing vfin stf
ph'.ip cdn thiet de duy tri hba binh vd sit 130/KT-NM v l rfi phfi bom min, chfing 5
yin tinh dgc theo biin gidi vd khuyen khich khu vdc bifin gidi d l bao dam kilm tra,
cU ddn bi&n gidi khdi phuc vd phdt triin su k i l m sofit dudng bifin mfic gidi dupc thutfn
- Tinh hinh hgp ttz Vigt - Tnmg..
ldi. Kg't qua thu gom dupe 15.830 chitfc thgo lulng lach, ddng hfia ddn chdng tfl
chfing, huy 189 qua min (6), gdp phfin quan nhu vfln ehuyin hfing hda n^i dja vflo cflc
trpng gifl gin trfit tU an ninh bifin gidi. tinh phfa nam, saa dfi lpi d^ing sd hd, dfim
Mflc du con nhflng nhfin thde khac nhau tfii (qua dfio Cfi Tfi, Bgeh Long Vi) di qua
trong vfi'n de~ bao vfi an ninh bifin gidi, nhin lulng ngofli, xufi't lfiu sang Trung Quoc.
chung tfl nhflng nfim 2000 trd Iai dfiy, khi TrUdc tinh hinh dfi, cue hfii quan Quang
hai nude da kf dupe hi$p djnh bifin gidi trfin Ninh da phfii hpp vdi hai quan Quang Tfiy
dfl't lien vfi trfin biln, lUc lUdng chdc nflng tfing cUdng cfing tac quan ly hogt d§ng khai
ca hai ben da phfii hpp tUOng dfii chflt chg thac, vfin chuyin, chtf bitfn vfi tifiu thu than
tren dia bfin hai tinh ding thdi ra quan
vfi hifiu qua trong quan ly, bao vfi dudng
tflng cUdng tfing cUdng tufin tra kilm soat
bifin cot mde ciing nhU xd ly cac v\i vifie
chfit che, gfit gao trfin biln, do vfiy da hgn
nhU: trfim eflp, bufin lflu, bufin bfin ph\i nfl
chfi d i n tinh trang tren. Tfnh rifing trong
vfi tre em, bufin ban vfln chuyen vfi tifiu thu
nfim 2007, trong tfi'ng stf 566 vv bufin lflu bj
tifiVgia... Hai tinh-khu dfi thflnh Iflp dupe
hai quan Quang Ninh hit gifl, chi cfi 2 vu
( vfin phong lien lac phdng c^fi'ng ma tdy qua
bien gidi. Chi tfnh rifing trong nfim 2009,
lUc Iupng chflc nflng da phfit hifin vfi xd ly
bi thu gifl vfl xd ly trgn bien gidi biln. Tuy
nhien den nfim 2010, hai quan Quang Ninh
lai bflt gifl 3 vu bufin Iflu ldn trgn biln dang
15 trudng hpp ngudi Trung Quoc nhflp vfin chuyin than vfi khoang san sang
I canh trai phfip vao Quang Ninh, xd If 607 Trung Qutfc tifiu thu, m5i vu cd trj gia hang
ngudi Trung Qufi'c vi phgm quy chtf xutft vai trflm trigu dong (9). Nhu vfly, mflc dd
nhfip canh, tifi'p nhfin 168 cfing dan Vifit khong that phdc tap nhU tinh hinh bifin
Nam do phia Trung Qufi'c trao tra; bflt gid gidi trfin bo, hdp tfic an ninh trfin biln giila
29 vu vfln chuyen trai phfip chfi't ma tdy hai tinh ciing gflp nhflng khfi khfln nhfi't
qua bifin gidi (con so' nfiy nflm 2010 giam dinh tfl nhflng hoat dong xufl't nhflp lflu tfli
xuong con 10 vu), tiep nhan 48 phu nfl bi nguyen khofing san trai phfip, mfi chu ytfu
Ida ban vfi giai cdu 5 tre ?m, phoi hpp eung la td Viet Nam sang Trung Qutfc. Thue
cfic tinh bien gidi phfa bfic trifit phfi 7 trang dfi dfit ra ygu cfiu cho cac lUc lupng
dudng dfiy bufin bfin phu nfl vfi tre em qua chdc nflng lufin phai de eao eanh giac, cfi su
bign gidi (7)... vfin dpng cfing dfin Trung phoi hdp thtfng nhfi't trgn tofln tuyen bign
Quoc pha nho 143 coc dfing tai efin Tfii Sec, gidi, tfl bien gidi dfi't Iiln dtfn bifin gidi bien.
dong thdi don bien phong Hofinh Mfi da Mac dd vfly, vdi dia hinh hilm trd dflc thfl
dilu tra, xfic minh lfim ro nguyfin nhfln cua miln bifin vien, cfing thfim vcli nhieu
muc dich vific pha hoai mfit dtf cfit moc thu doan ngfly cfing tinh vi eua efic loai toi
1307; don bifin phong Bfie Phong Sinh da pham pha hogi an ninh bifin gidi, cdng tac
phoi hdp vdi phia bgn dilu tra truy tim mtfc phoi hdp bao vfi an ninh hign gidi gifla hai
18 cu dua tra ve vi tri (8). dia phUdng hai nUdc Vifit-Trung da dat
Tlnh hinh bifin gidi trfin biln edng kha nhflng thflnh qua nhfl't dinh, song cung dat
phdc tap, trong dd dfing ehu y hdn ca lfi ra nhilu thd thach mdi trong chflng dudng
bufin lflu, vfin chuyin trfii phfip khofing san sap tdi.
qua bifin gidi ngfly mfit gia tfing. Dflc bifit,
nhflng nam gtfn ddy, dtfi tUpng bufin lfiu Cung vfii cac hoat dong nghifip vu phtfi
than, khoang san chuyen nghifip ddng hpp, luc Iupng chdc nfing hai bfin ciing
nhflng tau ldn, trang bi hien dgi, thfing thudng xuygn tuyfin truyfi'n vfln dong nhfin
- Rghifln cihl Ideh adr. atf 11.2012
dfin chtfp hflnh phflp lu^t vfi cfic quy djnh PGCM song phUdng, cdng cam ktft hofln
v l xutft nhfip cfinh qua Igi bifin gidi d i n g thflnh cfing tfic PGCM trfin thUe dia vflo
thdi duy tri vfl tfing cudrig qufin ly tufin tra, thflng 12-2008, xfly ddng efic Hi§p Djnh vl
kilm sofit gifl gin an ninh trfit td d khu v^c bifin gidi d l duy trt dudng bifin gidi In djnh,
bifin gidi, tgo dilu ki$n thutfn lpi cho cfie hda binh vfl hflu nghj, gdp phfin thdc dly
hogt d$ng hpp tfie khfic gifla hai tinh dU(?c quan h$ hai nUdc Vi§t-Trung theo phUdng
dly mgnh. chfim 16 chfl vflng vfl tinh thfin 4 ttft.
- H^ tdc trong hogt ddng phdn gidi cdm Cfic ban ngflnh chdc nfing cua tinh
mde (PGCM) Qufing Ninh theo su chi dgo tfl TU" da cfi sy
Phfln gidi efim mtfc lfi m^t hogt d^ng rtft quan tfim kjp thdi dtfn cfic ngflnh vfi dja
khd khfln, phflc tgp, bfin cgnh nhflng khd phUdng bifin gidi, tfing cudng cfic hoat d^ng
khfin vtf mflt k! thu^t, dfiy cfin Ifl hogt d^ng dfii ngogi vdi chfnh quyln vfi efie lUe lUpng
nhgy cam bdi nfi Ifl sd phfin djnh bifin gidi qufin ly bfio v$ bifin gidi eua tinh Quang Tfly
lanh thtf qutfc gia trfin cd sd dfim phfin vfl (Trung Qufic) nhflm kifin tri thfing qua dflm
dgt dUdc sd d i n g thufln cua ca hai phfa, phfln d l giai quytft nhiJng vtfn dl, vy vi§c
hdn nfla lgi ifl hai qutfc gia cd nhilu nhflng phdc tap trfin bifin gidi, han chtf dtfn miicc
bitfn ctf ljch sd. Bdi le dd, phfin gidi cfim thtfp nhtft cfic hogt dfing vi phgm ehu quyln
mtfc gifla hai nUdc Vifit-Trung tfl't ytfu lfi Iflnh thl. TCt dd tflng bude dly mgnh cung ctf,
m$t qufi trinh trai qua nhitfu bUde vfl nhilu xfiy ddng cfic dia phUdng bifin gidi viii^
giai doan. mgnh vl mpi mtft. V l phfa tinh Quai^ Tfiy,
ndi chung ciing phoi hdp tUdng doi ttft, cdng
Dd cho hai nUde Vifit-Trung da kf xong hpp tfic vfl tao dilu ki$n thufln ldi cho nhau
cfic higp udc bien gidi dtft liln, hifip dinh trong triln khai cfing vi$c song phUdng.
phan dinh vjnh Bfic Bo vfl Hi§p dinh hdp
tac nghe ca, song eong tfie phfin gidi cflm moc Tuy nhifin, Trung Qufic vdi tilm lUc
tfl nhiing nflm 2000 trd lgi day lfi hogt dfing mgnh, ed sd hg tfing bign gidi hofln bj, chu
triln khai cu t h l cua rifing Hi$p Udc bifin gidi dong vfl giflu kinh nghifim trong cfing tflc
trfin dfi't Uln theo tinh thfin chi dao td Chfnh PGCM, vi Ifl cfing vific lien quan trUc titfp
phu hai nUdc, hai dja phUdng bifin gidi cung dtfn chu quytfn qufic gia do dfi phfa Trung
theo dd ma thuc hi$n. Phfin dinh bifin gidi Qufic cung gfiy nhfllng khfi khfln ap lyc dtfi
trfin biln giila Quang Ninh vfl Quang Tfiy vdi Vifit Nam nhU: xfim eanh, lflm dUdng,
vfin xflc djnh ehung theo nhiing thda thufin cfim chi gidi cfing trinh qutfc phong... Ben
eiia Hifip djnh phfln dinh vinh Bfie B$ (ky cgnh dd cfing tfic nfly eon bi ehi phfii bdi ljch
nflm 2000) gifla hai nUde. sd lanh t h l , trinh d$ dfin eU thfi'p vfl sd
Cfing tac phan gidi efim mfic lufin nhfln phfin btf dfin eU khfing diu, thdi titft khf
dupe su quan tfim dflc bi$t cua Dfing vfi htfu vdng bifin khfic nghifit...
Nhfl Nude, xfic dinh dfiy Ifi cfing trinh tr^ng Nfim 1996, bfi dfii bifin phfing Quang
dilm dfic bi$t cua qutfc gia nfin da tfip Ninh da ttf chiic khao sfit dUdng bifin, mfic
trung lanh dao, chi dao vfi dfiu tU thda gidi cua tinh, ktft qua: bifin gidi trfin dtft
dflng v l nhfin lUe, trang thitft hi, tfii ehfnh liln titfp giap vdi Quang Tfiy dfii 132,8 km^
vfi chtf dp chfnh sach; kip thdi ra cflc quytft trong dd dudng bien gidi di theo sfing sutfi
sfich chi dao dfim phan cfic efi'p d l gifii dfli 90 km, bifin gidi di theo dja hinh rvtng
quytft diit dilm cae t i n dong trong efing tfic nui dfii 42,8 km, cd 40/41 mtfe gidi da dUdc
- Thih hinh hgp tde Viflt - Trung...
khao sat; bifin gidi trgn biln chifi'u dfli chuyin dupe dudng bifin gidi vfl efie e0t mtfc
khoang 250 km, cd 3.000 hon dao, 50 cda tfl ngfin tfl eua Hi§p udc vfl ban dfi dfnh
sfing cda lach (10). Thdi dilm nfly tinh hinh kfim ra thuc dja mfit cfich ro rfing vfl dUpc
phfin gidi cflm moc v i n diln ra kha gay go, dfinh dfi'u bfing h$ thtfng c$t mtfc. Phfa
phdc tgp. Thfing 5-1996, Trung Qufic eho Quang Ninh da trifit d l thfio dfi dupc 19
ngudi sang xfiy cfit dfin d hon Tfli Sec, cda dfip thdi vu, 10 doan dfl't dfi dfin Trung
song Bfic Lufin nhfim chuyin nd thflnh cua Qutfc tu y Itfp cac con bfii. Ktft qua cy t h l
hp. Chua hfi't, trong thdi gian trfin, phfa nhu sau:
Quang Tfiy eon cho ngUdi sang Ifl'n chitfm d Dudng bifin gidi titfp gifip vdi Quang Tfiy
khu vUc M6-Hoflnh Mfi, trong cfiy vfi nufii so trfin dfi't liln doan do Qufing Ninh qufin ly
d bai Tuc Lam, titfp tyc xfiy cfit dfl d hon Tfii ed chilu dfii lfi 118,842km gfim: di trfin bfi
Sec, dfip phfi mfi'e gidi, ehi gidi an tofin khu lfi 25,997km, di trgn sfing su6i tfiu thuyin
vUc bien gidi, thfim chf edn vitft thU de dpa cfle khfing di lgi dUpc Ifi 42,106km vfi di trgn
don bign phfing bien gidi, nghifim trong hon sfing sufii tflu thuyin di lgi dUpc Ifl
phi'a Quang Tay eon dilng mfit lUc Iupng ldn 50,739km.
xfiy ke Ifih chitfm khu vUc bai Nfl To - Hofinh
Ve mtfc gidi, hai ben da xae djnh stf moc
Mfi - Binh Lifiu. Phia Vifit Nam tfeh cue tuyen
gidi do tinh Quang Ninh quan If gim 97
truyfi'n ngu ro quan dilm cua Dang vfl Nhfi
mtfc gidi vdi 175 cfit moc (tfl mtfc gidi 1301
nude ta ve vtfn d l bien gidi, ttf chdc dfi'u tranh
dtfn 1378). Trong dd Quang Ninh cflm 87
ngoai giao phan khfing, con mdi ca dai sd
cot mtfc, Quang Tay cfim 88 cot moc.
Trung Qufi'c luc dd Ifi Ly Gia Trung ra bign
gidi di xem thue ttf. Cot mtfc ddn efim trung vdi dudng bien
gidi Ifl 35 cot mtfc (Vifit Nam efim 18 cfit
Ngay 30-12-1999, Chi'nh phu hai nUdc mtfc, Trung Qufi'c cflm 17).
Vifit-Trung da ky hifip Ude bien gidi trfin Cot mfic cflm bfin bd song suoi bign gidi Vifit
dfi't lie'n, md ra thdi ki mdi tot dep trong Nam lfi 69 cpt moc (46 mfic dfii, 23 mfic ba).
quan he bifin gidi hai nUdc dong thdi tgo Cfit mtfc cfim bfin bd sfing suoi bien gidi
Ifip mgt hanh lang phap Iy mdi cho dUdng Trung Qutfc la 71 cpt moc (46 moc dfii, 25
bign gidi Vifit-Trung. moc ba) (12).
Nhfln thde ro dfiy Ifl vfl'n de het sdc nhay Ngay sau khi cpt mfic dupe xfiy dUng,
cam, tfl sau hifip djnh, vdi tinh thtfn hdp nhdm PGCM Quang Ninh da t l chdc bfln
tac tfeh cUc phfa Quang Ninh da tfeh cUc giao cho cac don bien phong quan ly. Cac ban
phoi hdp vdi phfa Quang Tay vfl da nhflng ngfinh chflc nfing trong tinh da to ehde tuyen
ktft qua dang ghi nhfin trong cfing tac dfie truyin sfiu rong tdi tiing tfing ldp nhfin dfin
bigt nay. Den nam 2009, th«e hifin Bifin vl ket qua phan gidi cflm mfic bifin gidi tren
ban cufic gfip trUdng dofin dai bilu cfi'p dfi't Iiln Vifit Nam-Trung Qufic thufic dja
Chinh phu dfim phfin ve bifin gidi lanh tho phfin tinh Qufing Ninh dong thdi phfii hpp vdi
Vifit Nam-Trung Quoe ngfly 31-12-2008, phfa ban gifii quytft cfie vtfn d l lien quan sau
titfn hanh PGCM dogn bien gidi con lgi tfl khi phan gidi cfim mtfe hofin thflnh nhU dd
moc 1373 den gidi diem 62 (khu vUc cda bo hfi thtfng dudng bifin gidi cu, giai quytft
sfing Bac Luan) (11). NhU vfly, sau g i n mot vfi'n dfi cfiy hoa mflu, cay lau nflm de cfi t h l
I Jhfip ki thye hifin cfing tac PGCM, dtfn nay bfin giao vfi quan ly dUdng bifin gidi mdi
I R a i tinh Quang Tfiy vfl Quang Ninh da ddng thdi gian quy dinh.
- Rghifln cOru L|ch sCt. atf 11.2012
Nhu vtfy, vfii phUdng chfim kifin tri mlm phflp ly cho cfic ngflnh chflc nflng titfn hfinh
ddo trong hogt d$ng song phUdng nhUng qufin ly bifin gidi thutfn lyi vfl hi^u qufi. Di
kifin quytft bfio v§ ehu quyln Ifinh thtf, dtfn xfiy dyng mtft dudng bifin gidi tfn djnh
Qufing Ninh da hdp tfie vdi Quang Tfiy xfiy lfiu dfli, md ra cd htfi ldn hdn nfla cho vific
dyng duyc dogn dudng bifin gidi Vi$t-Trung tflng cUdng giao lUu, hyp tfic phfit triln moi
hoa binh, hflu nghj vfl phfit triln. V l phfa mflt gifla hai nUde nfii chung vfl hai tinh
Quang Ninh, bifin gidi, biln dfio cua tlnh Qufing Ninh-Qufing Tfiy nfii rifing. Theo
da phfit triln dong b§ vfi tofln di^n, nhfln dfinh gifi cua Thfl trUdng B0 Ngogi giaoVu
dfin vfl cfic lUc lupng vfl trang da chu d^ng Dflng, Chu nhi$m Oy ban bifin gidi Qufic
phflt hifin vfl ngfin chtfn dfi'u tranh Iflm thfl't gia "cd t h l coi dfiy Ifl bfing hoa dgp cua
bgi nhilu hflnh dfing Ifin chitfm vi phgm tfl quan h$ hyp tfic Vi$t Nam - Trung Qufic,
bfin kia bifin gidi, xd ly ed hi$u qufi cfic hogt gdp phfin xfiy dyng bien gidi Vi$t-Trung
d^ng xfim canh xfim cU, bao vfi vflng chfic thfit sy trd thflnh bifin gidi hfia binh, hflu
tofin vgn chu quyln an nmh bifin gidi. Sy nghj vfl phfit triln" (13).
phtfi hpp gifla hai tinh trong cfing tfie bao Tyu chung lgi, cd t h l nfii d l duy tri vfl
vfi bifin gidi ciing cd nhflng thdi dilm htft phfit t r i l n sU hpp tflc tofin difin gifla hai dia
sdc khfi khfln phflc tgp nhUng nfim trong phUdng vfl hai nhfi nude Vifit-Trung, hpp
tinh thfin ehung cua hai nUdc theo hUdng tfic trong vfi'n d l bifin gidi trd thflnh dieu
giai quytft tranh chfi'p bflng phUdng phap ki$n tifin quytft, trd thflnh Uu tifin hflng dfiu
hda binh, tfin trong Ifin nhau, cflng cfi lpi vfl cua ehfnh phu hai nUde. Thtfy dUpc tfim
da dgt dUpc nhilu ktft qua dfing ghi nhfin quan trpng dd, nhflng nflm qua hdp tfic
Vific hofin thfinh cfing tfic PGCM trfin Vi§t-Trung trong vfi'n dfi bifin gidi trfin dia
bifin gidi dfi't liln Vifit Nam-Trung Qutfe ndi bfin hai tinh Qufing Ninh-Quang Tfiy da
chung, dogn do Quang Ninh - Quang Tfiy dat nhilu thflnh qua dfing ghi nh^n, tvf viec
qufin ly nfii rifing Ifl sd ki$n cd y nghia lich bao vfi an ninh bifin gidi dtfn phfin gidi cfim
sd trpng dai trong cfing cufic bao vfi vfl xfiy mtfc, tgo mfii trUdng hda binh hflu nghj,
dUng dfi't nudc. Lfin dfiu tifin trong ljch sd, lfim n l n tang cd sd d l duy tri vfl phfit trien
Vifit Nam vdi tu cfieh lfi mfit qutfe gia dfie hogt d0ng hpp tfic mpi mfit gifla hai tinh vfl
Ifip chu quyln da cung vdi Trung Qutfc xfic hai nude, tfl dfi gdp phfin dUa mfii quan he
dinh dupe dudng bifin gidi trfin dfi't liln Quang Ninh-Quang Tfiy trd moi quan hfi
chi'nh xflc, ro rflng vdi h$ thong moc gidi cfl'p dja phUdng k i l u mfiu cua hai nUdc Vifit
hifin dgi, dflt nfi'n tang vflng chflc v l cd sd Nam vfi Trung Qufic.
CHU THtCH
(1). Lich stthdi quan Qudng Ninh, Nxb. Quang Quang Ninh, 1999, tr. 3.
Ninh, 2005, tr. 6-7. (4), (5). (6). Trfin Vfln Biing, sdd. tr. 11.
(2). Ttfng Kh^c Hfli. Biin gidi guSc gia doqn do (7). Bfli phflt bilu ciia bfl Nhii Thj Hfing Lifin-
tinh Qudng Ninh qudn ly giai doqn 1975-1989, Ph6 Chil tjch tSy ban Nhfin dfin tinh Quang Ninh
Nxb. Quang Ninh, 2009, tr. 45. tgi H§i nghj UBCrTLH Ifin thii ba, Lgng SOn, thing
(3). Trfin Vfln Bttng; Lich sit biSn gidi Qudng 9-2010.
Ninhgiai doqn 1990-1999, Tfli li§u bifin phong (Xem tiip trang 62)
- 62 Rghl&n cflu lilch aJr. atf 11.2012
Dgi hgc Su phgm Hfl Nfii, Hfl Nfii, 2011, ir. 246- cflng tflc nghifin cflu. Trong hi ad gid hpc cd ghi diy
260. dil vft khfich quan vl gifio fln, tfti lifiu, dfi diing
(16). Kato Kimiaki, Nihonshi toron jugyo no giflng dgy dfi ad dyng, diin bitfn gid hpc, hogt d$ng
susume kata {Phitdng phdp tO^n hdnh gid hqc thdothiy-trd, y kii'n cua hpc sinh vfl dftc bi§t 1ft cam
lu^n lich sdNh^t Bdn), Nihon Shoseki, 1996, tr. 1. tudng, cfic y kitfn tranh lufln ctia hpc sinh.
(17). Kato ICimiaki, Nihonshi toron jugyo no (20). Hda blnh, dfln chii, tfin trflng con ngUdi 1ft
susume kata {fhitang phdp tii'n hdnh gid hqc ba try cfit cQng gpi Ifl ba nguyfin ly cila Hitfn phftp
thdo ludn lich aCl Nhdt Bdn), Nihon Shoaeki, Nhflt Bfin 1947. Hitfn phflp nfly cdn dupc gpi 1ft
1996, tr. 1. Hii'n phflp hda blnh.
(18). Jomon 1ft tSn gpi m$t giai dogn ljch sil (21). Luflt giflo dgc trUdng hpc, Luflt giflo dgc cd
Nhflt Bin (13.000-300 tr.CN). bfin vfl c&c bfi luflt gi&o dgc cfi lifin quan dam bao
(19). Hfi BO gid hgc Ifl nhflng ghi ch£p to&n di$n cd ed phflp ly cho c&c sflng tgo cua gi&o vifin trong
vl gid hgc dfl thye hi^n eiia gifto vifin phyc vy cho c&c hogt dfing thye tiln gifto dye.
H0P TAC VIIT-TRUNG TRONG VAN DE BIEN Gldl
(Tidp theo trang 52)
(8). 6y ban Nhftn dfin tinh Quang Ninh, Bflo (2009), B&o c&o ttfng ktft hofln thftnh cdng tftc
c&o ktft qua thye hi^n ban ghi nhd hfli nghj Iln thfl PGCM trfin dogn biln gidi dtft Uln do tJnh Quang
hai UBCTLH giQa cac tinh phfa bic Vi§t Nam vft Ninh quan ly, th&ng 12/2009.
khu ty trj dftn tfic Choang Quang Tfly, ngfly 6 (12). Cy ban Nhfln dfln tinh Quang Ninh
thftng 9 nfim 2010, Ha Ixing, tr. 4. (2009), B&o c&o ting ktft hoftn thftnh cdng tftc
(9). Cyc Hai quan Quang Ninh. Bdo c&o iSng PGCM trfin dogn bifin gifii dfl't hin do tinh Quing
ktft cdng tftc kilm soflt Hai quan 5 nftm (2006- Ninh quan ly, tilt nflm 2000-11/2009, thfing
2010) atf 2005/HQQN-CBL, Quang Ninh, ngfty 26- 12/2009.
12-2010. (13). Bfti phdng vfo Thfl tnidng Bfi Ngo^i giao VG
(10). Dia chi Qudng Ninh (2001), tftp 1. Diing, Chii nhi$ra Oy ban bifin gidi Quflc gia, Tgp chf
(11). tly ban Nhfin dfin tlnh Quang Ninh Nghiin ciht Trung Qu&. atf 1 (80), 2008, tr. 4.
nguon tai.lieu . vn