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  1. UY BAN NHAN DAN QUL).N 5 TRUONG TRUNG CAP NGHE KY THUL).T CONG NGH:E: HUNG VUONG GIAOTRiNH Bio d11'01lg va sfra chfra , , h~ thOng phiin phOi khi ' Nghe: Cong ngh~ o to TRINH DO• TRUNG CAP TPHCM-2019
  2. LOI GIOI THitu Cong nghf sua chua o to la m{H mang kiin thuc cho nhfmg nguai cong nhan sira chua o to tucrng lai. Kiin thuc cua mo dun se giup cho nguai h9c buac ddu tiip c(m du(Jc vai d6i tu(Jflg nghJ nghi¢p, tic d6 c6 thd xac dfnh du(JC m]!,C dich va tam thi h9c tqp. H9c xong mo dun nay h9c vien se c6 kha nang: 1. Trinh bay dung vai tro va lfch sir phat tridn cua o to. 2. Trinh bay dung cfic loq,i o to va cdu fq,o chung cua o to. 3. Trinh bay dung khai ni¢m vJ hi¢n tu(Jflg, qua trinh va cac giaidoq,n mai man chi tiit. 4. Trinh bay dung khai ni¢m vJ ccic phucrng phap sira chua va cong nghf ph¥,c h6i chi tiit. 5. Nhqn dq,ng dung cac loq,i o to va cac b(> phqn cua o to. 6. Trinh bay du(Jc cong d¥,ng, cciu tq,o va each sir d¥,ng m6 ts6 d¥,ng Cl!, cdm tay nghJ sira chua o to .... Qu{i,n 5, ngay thang O niim 2012-. Bienso{l,n T{i,p th€ Khoa Cu Khi JJvng Ll!'c ... ... .
  3. . . MUCLUC DEM\TC TRANG 1. Gi6i thi~u vS mo dun .................................................................................. 2 2.Bai 1. Nh~ d~g, thao Hip h~ th6ng phan ph6i khi ........................................ 4 3.Bai 2. Bao duong.,. h~ th6ng phan ph6i khi.. ............................................... 13 3.Bai 3. Si'.ra chua nh6m XU pap .................................................................... 21 4.Bai 4 Si'.ra chua ca c~u dfui d9ng XU pap ...................................................... .41 5.Bai 5. Si'.ra chua con d9i va trµc cam ........................................................... .47 . 6. Bai 6. Sua chua bo. truySn dong . true . cam.......................................................................... 60 7. Tai li~u tham khao ........................................................................................ 65 ... ...
  4. 2 GIOI THJ¥U VE MO DUN Vi tri, y nghia, vai tro mo dun , , . Mo dun sira chiJ:a va baa duO'ng ca cau phoi khi, vm cac bai h9c qt the, h9c sinh se c6 aU(JC m
  5. 3 3. Su d1,mg dung, hgp ly cac d\lllg Cl) ki@m tra, bao duong va sua chua dam bao chinh xac va an toan. 4. Chuk bi, b6 tri va skip x6p nai lam vi~c v~ sinh, an toan va hgp ly. Thai do: 1. Chfip hanh nghiem tuc cac quy dinh vS ky thu?t, an toan va ti6t ki~m trong bao duong, sua chua. 2. C6 tinh thin trach nhi~m hoan thanh cong vi~c dam bao chfit lugng va dung thai g1an. 3. C~n th?n, chu dao trong cong vi~c luon quan tam dung, du khong dS xay ra sai s6t .
  6. . 4 Bai 1: NHAN n~G, THAo LAP BB rn6NG PHAN PH61 KHi Gioi thieu Tren d9ng CO' d6t trong thuong SU d{tng ccic log,i CO' cciu phan ph6i khi c6 cciu tgo Vet nguyen tac hogt d9ng khac nhau. Trong bai h9c nay se giai thi¢u vein dJ tren. D6ng thai huang ddn quy trinh Vet yeu cdu ky thuq,t thao, !&p CO' cciu phbi khi dung XU pap Vet bgn se du()'c thvc hief,n bid tq,p tren d(mg CO' tg,i xuang thvc hanh hoi;i,c CO' SO' sira chua cua truong. M9c tieu thl}.'c hi~n: H9c xong bai nay h9c vien c6 kha nang: 1. Phat bidu dung nhief,m V¥, phan logi va nguyen tdc hog,t d9ng cua cac log,i CO' cciu phan phbi khi. .. 2. Thao !&p CO' cciu phan phbi khi dung quy trinh, quy phgm va dung yeu cdu ky thuq,t. Ni khi II. Cac lo~i co ciu phan phf>i khi 1. Ca cftu phan phf>i khi dung XU pap a. Ca cftu phf>i khi xupap d~t b. Ca cftu phan ph6i khi xu pap treo 2. Ca cftu phan ph6i khi dung van trugt 3. Ca cftu phan phf>i khi h6n hqp
  7. 5 B.Thvctipt~ixrrongtrrrong I. Gi&i thi?u quy trinh va yeu cAu ky thu~t thao, Hip ca du phan ph6i khi. 1. Quy trinh thao Hip ca d.u phan ph6i khf XU pap d~t. 2. Quy trinh thao Hip ·ca cfiu phan ph6i khf XU pap treo. IL Thvc hanh 1- Thao roi cac chi tiSt 2- Nh~ d?ng cac chi tiSt 3- Lilp ca cfiu phan ph6i . . . PHONG HOC CHUYEN MON HOA. A. TAI 1. Nhi~m VI} cua CO' cftu phan ph6i khi: Ca cfiu phan ph6i khf cua d()ng ca c6 tac dt,mg dµih ky dong ma cua n?p va cua xa dS n?p dAy hoa khf ho~c khong khf vao xi lanh va xa S?Ch khf chay ra khoi xi lanh. II. Cac lo~i cO' cftu phan ph6i khi Ca cfiu phan ph6i khf c6 ba lo?i: Lo?i dung XU pap, lo?i dung van truqt va lo?i h6n hgp (vira dung XU pap vira dung van trugt). 1. CO' cftu phan ph6i khi dung XU pap Ca cdu phan ph6i khf dung XU pap c6 hai lo?i: Xu pap d~t va XU pap treo CO' cftu ph6i khi xupap dijt a. Cftu t~o . Xu pop N£p moy Thanh truy~n LO XO Tn,ic khuyu • CondQi/ Tn,ic cam Hinh 21- 1. Ca du XU pap d~'tt Hinh 21- 1. Ca cfiu xu pap d~t .
  8. 6 Ca cfiu phan ph6i khi dung XU pap d~t hinh 21-1 a), toan b9 C0' cfiu ph6i khi duqc d~t a than may g6m co: tf\lC cam, con d9i, XU pap, lo XO, cua n~p va cua xa. Tren con d9i co Hip bu long dS di@u chinh khe ha XU pap, lo XO 16ng vao XU pap va duqc ham vao duoi XU pap b&ng mong ham. Tf\lC cam do tf\lc khuyu d~n d9ng qua c~p banh rang hay ma xich. Nguy en ly lam vi~c Khi d9ng ca lam vi~c, tf\lC khuyu quay v6i ty s6 truySn la 1/2, ca cfiu phan ph6i khi se lam vi~c nhu sau: .. Khi dinh cam chua tac dµng vao duoi XU pap, lo XO d§.y XU pap di xu6ng, cua n~p ho~c cua xa duqc dong l~i. Khi dinh cam quay len, con d9i tac d1_mg vao xupap nang XU pap di len, cua n~p ho~c cua xa tu tu duqc ma a ra. Khi con d9i tiSp xuc vi tri cao nhfit cu.a cam thi cua n~p ho~c cua xa duqc ma 16n nhfit . Tfl_lc cam tiSp tl_lc quay, dinh cam quay xu6ng, lo xo ding ra d§.y xu pap di xu6ng dong dfui cua n~p ho~c cua xa. Khi con d9i tiSp xuc t~i vi tri thtp nhfit cu.a cam thi cua n~p ho~c cua xa duqc dong kin hoan toan. NSu d9ng ca tiSp tl_lc lam vi~c tfl_lc cam tiSp tµc quay thi qua trinh lam vi~c cu.a ca cfiu ph6i khi xupap ~t l~i duqc l~p l~i nhu tren. Trong ca cfiu phan ph6i khi xu pap d~t, toan b9 ca cfiu ph6i khi duqc bf> tri a than may, do do chi@u cao cu.a d9ng khong 16n. S6 chi tiSt cu.a ca cfiu it nen h,rc quan tinh cu.a ca cfiu nho, bS m~t cam va con d9i it bi mon. Tuy nhien, kho bf> tri bu6ng chay g9n nen kh6 c6 ty s6 nen cao dS thich hqp cho d9ng ca diezen. Ngoai ra, cfing chinh vi bu6ng chay khong g9n nen dS xfiy ra chay kich n6. Do dong khi n~p va khi xa luu thong kho nen h~ s6 n~p khong cao. Tru6c day each b6 tri XU pap nay duqc ph6 biSn a cac d9ng ca oto nhung v6i cac ly do tren hi~n nay chi dung trong cac d9ng ca xang cong sufit nho ma thoi. b. CO' ciu phan ph6i khi XU pap treo .
  9. 7 . Vat dif,u chinh Trucc§n m& itt1,mg . Tn,1ccam Hinh 21 - 2 . Sa d6 cllu t?o ca c§,u xu pap treo Cftu tao Ca ~§.u ph
  10. 8 Tn,1c cam cam Cfmm6' Con~ Hinh 21 - 3. Tf\IC cam d~t tren nip may NSu d9ng ca tiSp t1.1c lam vi~c, tf\lc cam tiSp t\Jc quay thi qua trinh lam vi~c cua ca d.u ph6i khi xupap treo l:;ii duqc l~p l:;ii nhu tren. .,. Ca d.u phan ph6i khi dung xu pap treo c6 nhiSu chi tiSt han ca cfiu phan ph6i khi dung XU pap d~t va duqc b6 tri ca a than may va nip may nen la;n tang chiSu cao cua d9ng ca. Lgc quan tinh cua cac chi tiSt tac d1;mg len bS m~t cam va con d9i 16n han. Nilp may cua d9ng CO' phuc t:;ip han nen kh6 gia cong chS t:;io. Tuy nhien, do XU pap b6 tri trong ph§.n khong gian cua xi lanh d:;ing treo nen bu6ng chay rfit gc;m nen tang duqc ty s6 nen cua d9ng CO' va giam duqc kich n6 a d9ng CO' xang. D6ng thai dong khi luu d9ng thu~n ti~n nen t6n thfit it, t:;io diSu ki~n xa s:;ich va n:;ip d§y. Vi nhfmg uu diSm tren nen ca cfiu phan ph6i khi xu pap treo duqc su dvng ph6 biSn cho ca d9ng CO' xang va d9ng CO' diezen. .. 2- CO' cftu phan ph6i khi dung van trrrgt Trong d9ng ca xang hai ky khong c6 xu pap, qua trinh thay khi duqc tiSn hanh d6ng thai vao hie pit tong a BCD dS thay d6i hay quet khi, ap sufit khi trai phai 16n han ap sufit khi chay trong xi lanh. Vi v~y, a d9ng ca hai ky nay cac te la bu6ng chua khi, con pit tong di xu6ng dS nen khi trong cac te, lam cho ap sufit khi tang len. Khi pit tong ma cua xa va cua th6i, thi hoa khi tu cac te theo duang-d~n qua cua th6i vao phia tren pit tong dS th6i khi chay con s6t l:;ii trong xi lanh va n:;ip ddy xi lanh. Khi pit tong di len d~y kin cua th6i va cua xa, qua trinh thay khi kSt thuc. Nhu v~y, pit tong aday c6 tac d\,lllg nhu m9t van truqt dong ma cua n:;ip, cua th6i va cua xa.
  11. 9 Ca c&u phan ph6i khf dung van trm;rt co c&u t~o dan gian, khong phai diSu chinh, sua chua, nhung tieu hao nhien li~u trong qua trinh thay d6i khf. 3- CO' cdu phan ph6i khi h6n hQ'p Ca c&u ph6i khf h6n hqp, nghi'a la vua co xu pap vua co van trugt, duqc dung trong d9ng CO' diesel hai ky lo~i co cua th6i va XU pap xa. Trong ca c&u phan ph6i khf h6n hqp, pit tong co tac dl)llg nhu m9t van trugt dS dong ma cua th6i, con cua xa duqc dong ma bfulg XU pap. . B. THl/C HANH T~ XUONG I. Ml}C DiCH, YEU cAu 1. M1}C dich - Ren luy~n ky nang thao, lip CO' c&u phan ph6i khf dung XU pap. - Tim hiSu c&u t~o thgc tS cac lo~i ca c&u ph6i ph6i khf. 2. Yeu cftu .. - Thao, lip ca cfiu phan ph6i khfhanh th~o, dung quy trinh va yeu cfiu ky thu~t. - Nh~n biSt duqc cac chi tiSt cua CO' c&u phan ph6i khf tren d9ng CO' - Su d1,mg dl)ng C\l hqp ly, chfnh xac. - Dam bao an toan trong qua trinh thao, lip - T6 chuc nai lam vi~c k:hoa h9c, ngan nip, g9n gang. 3. Chuftn bj .. a. D1}ng C\J - Varn ep lo XO - Dl)ng C\l cfim tay nghS sua chua \l t\l - Bua tay - Trl)c b~c - Kim nh9n - Gia chua XU pap ~a cac chi tiSt dfin d9ng b. V~t li~u - Dfiu diezen, - Gie s~ch, - Khay dgng. II. cAc BUOC TIEN HANH 1. Quy trinh thao, Hip CO' cdu phan ph6i khi cua d
  12. cam, banh rang cam, banh rang t11.,1c khuyu va b9k ph~n tang dai cam. Toan b9 ph§.n d§n d9ng 111.,lc cam duqc d~t phfa tru&c d9ng ca. Ngoai chuc nang dftn d9ng cac XU pap, 111.,lc cam con dftn d9ng barn xang va b9 chia di~n. a. Quy trinh thao . - Thao nip may (theo quy trinh rieng). - Thao C\lm 6ng xa. - Thao ducmg 6ng dftn xang, d§n khi. - Thao C\lm 6ng hut. - Thao tftm che sau nip may. Thao ducmg 6ng thong gi6 cac te. - Thao cac nip 6 da 111.,lc cam ... - Thao tr\lc cam. - Thao con d9i. - Thao m6ng ham; thao ma d~m; lo xo; thao XU pap. - Thao khap n6i dftn d9ng qu~t gi6 va banh dai barn nu&c. Thao may phat di~n. - Thao banh rang d§.u t11.,1c khuyu - Thao nip h9p dai cam . - Thao dai cam. - Lam s~ch cac chi tiSt. ► Y eu cfiu ky thu~t - Chu y ring d~m va vi tri lilp ghep - N &i dfin d6u tu ngoai vao trong cac nip 6 da t11.,1c cam. - Siip xSp con d9i, xu pap theo thu tg xi lanh (c6 th6 danh dftu). - Dung d\lng C\l chuyen dung ham cung t11.,1c khuyu tru&c khi--thao banh rang t11.,1c khuyu. - Chu y cac dftu banh rang ca, banh rang cam. Varn 9p . \ \ ~ may '1 . Hinh 21- 5. Su d\lllg d\lllg C\l ep lo XO XU pap treo
  13. . 11 b. Quy trinh Hip Quy trinh ngugc l~i v&i quy trinh thao, tru&c khi Hip dn chu y: - Lam s~ch cac chi tiSt. - Boi dfiu nhon s~ch cac chi ti St chuy@n d9ng nhu: than XU pap, g6i da tn.ic cam.. £>ialilxo ,. Xu pop Hinh 21 - 6. Trinh tv lip cac chi tiSt cua CO' c~u XU pap ► Trinh tv lip dai cam - D~t dai cam vao banh rang tn.ic khuyu sao cho d~u tren banh rang trimg v&i di@m co6 dinh da danh d~u tren than d
  14. . 12 b. Quy trinh Hip Quy trinh Hip nguqc l~i quy trinh thao va thvc hi~n d~y du cac yeu c~u ky thu~t tuang tv nhu thao l&p ca du phan ph6i khi XU pap treo. 3. Th\fc hanh . - Thao ca du ca cfiu phan ph6i khi XU pap XU pap treo, XU pap d~t. - Nh~ biSt cac chi tiSt . - L&p ca cfiu phan ph6i khi XU pap d~t Va XU pap . CAU HOI KIEM TRA DA.NH GIA CH.AT LUONG ... . I. Cau hoi l\fa chc~m: ch9n cau tra lai dung nhfit cho m6i cau hoi 1. Ca cfiu phan ph6i khi xu pap treo c6 cac uu diSm ngo~i trir: a. ThS tich bu6ng chay nho g9n. b. ChiSu cao d(mg ca giam. c. Tang ty duqc ty s6 nen d9ng ca. d. Tang duqc h~ s6 n~p. .. 2. Ca cfiu ca cfiu phan ph6i khi xu pap d~t c6 cac nhuqc diSm ngo~i trir: a. BiSu khiSn xupap khong linh ho~t b. ChuySn d9ng cua dong khi khuc khuyu c. D6 gay kich n6 cho d9ng ca d. Xa khi trong xi lanh khong s~ch 3. Ca cfiu ph6i khi dung XU pap khong dung cho d9ng ca: a. B9ng ca xang hai ky ,. b. B9ng ca diesel b6n ky c. B9ng ca diesel hai ky d. B9ng ca xang b6n ky 4. Cac chi tiSt sau day chi tiSt nao khong thu9c ca cfiu XU pap d~t: a. Tfl_lc cam b. Con d9i c. Bila dfty .. d. Xupap 5. Tfl_lc cam d~t tren nip may chi c6 &: a. Ca c§,u ph6i khi dung van truqt b. Ca c§,u xu pap lo~i treo c. Ca c§,u xu pap lo~i d~t d. B9ng ca xang hai ky II. Cau hoi suy luan 1. T~i sao c~n phai· danh thu tv cua cac XU pap tru6c khi thao ? "'
  15. . 13 2. Neu nguyen tic lam vi?c chung cua CO' c!u phan ph6i khi XU pap d~t va XU pap treo. 3. Cho biJt di Sm khac nhau vs qua trinh chuySn d9ng cua XU pap a lo~i d~t va lo~i treo? Bai 2: BAO DUONG HE. THONG PHAN PHOI KHi Gioi thieu .. Bao d°uang CO' cdu phan ph
  16. 14 Cac chi ti@t cua ca cfiu phan ph6i khi cilng bi mon nhiSu sau m9t thai gian lam vi~c nhfit dinh. Vi d1.1: mi;it ti@p xuc giua ddu va dS XU pap, giua cam va con d9i, giua vit diSu chinh va dua d&y ... Do d6, khe ha giua ddu don ma va duoi XU pap hoi;ic giua duoi XU pap va va vit diSu chinh cua con d(H se tang len, lam anh huang d@n tinh nang lam vi~c cua d
  17. 15 a. Dung cu - D\,lilg ~\l thao Hip ca c§u phan ph6i khi, - can la, - D6ng h6 so, ,, - Pan me do ngoai, - Thu6c c~p, - Kh6i chuV b. V~t li~u - Ddu diezen, - Gie si;tch, ... - Khay dvng, - Gi§y nham min, - MiSng plastic, - B9tphfi.n, - Day chi. 11. cAc Buoc TIEN HANH Cdn phai thvc hi~n..ddy du n9i dung quy dinh vs cong tac bao duong ca cfi.u phan ph6i khi nhu tiSn hanh thao ca cfi.u phan ph6i khi, kiSm tra cac chi tiSt, sua chua, thay thS cac chi tiSt hu hong va Hip ca cfi.u phan ph6i khi. Sau khi l~p ca cfi.u xu pap cdn tiSn hanh d~t cam va cho d9ng ca diSu chinh khe ha nhi~t XU pap. 1. l>i~u chinh khe hO' xu pap a. Khai niem v~ khe,..b()' nhiet XU pap Khe ha nhi~t XU pap la khe ·ha giua duoi XU pap v6i ddu don ma (ca c§.u XU pap treo) ho~c v6i ddu bu long diSu chlnh cua con d9i (ca cfi.u xu pap d~t) hay cdn ma v6i con d9i (tr\,lc cam d~t tren n~p may). b. Ml}c dich di~u chinh khe hO' nhi~t xu pap Sau m9t thai gian d9ng ca hoi;tt d9ng ho~c sau khi thao l~p ca cfi.u phan ph6i khi, ck phai tiSn hanh dihl chinh khe ha nhi~t v6i mvc dich: - Xu pap dong kin cua ni;tp, cua xa; - Xu pap ma dung hie; - Ca c§.u XU pap lam vi~c em khong bi va d~p mi;tnh. c. l>i~u kien d~ di~u chinh khe hO' nhiet Mu6n diSu ·chinh dugc khe ha nhi~t xu pip cdn phai: - BiSt dugc khe ha nhi~t tieu chufin cua d9ng ca. Tuy theo loi;ti d9ng ca ma khe ha nhi~t XU pap c6 tri s6 nr 0,20 - 0,30 mm d6i v6i XU pap ni;tp va 0,25 - 0,35 mm d6i v6i xupapxa. - Xac dinh dugc vi tri cac XU pap ni;tp, XU pap xa tren d
  18. . 16 d. Phrrong phap di~u chinh 0iSu chinh dan chiSc .. Tue la 1§.n luqt diSu chinh khe ha nhi~t XU pap cua tung xi lanh theo thu t\T n6 cua d9ng ca. Quy trinh diSu chinh khe ha nhi~t XU pap Bu6c 1: Xac dµm vi tri cua XU pap n?p, XU pap xa Bu6c 2: Quay trgc khuyu dS pit tong xi lanh s6 1 a £>CT tuang ung v6i thoi diSm a cu6i nen d§.u n6 dua d§.y ho~c con d9i xoay t\,r do va dfiu £>CT tren puly ho?c banha da tlung v6i dfiu tren than may, a thoi diSm nay 2 XU pap cua xi'"lanh 1 dong kin (co khe ho nhi~t) va ti Sn hanh di Su chinh khe ha nhi~t cho ca 2 XU pap; Bu6c 3: Dung cle n6i long dai 6c ham cua vit diSu chinh ho?C dai 6c ham cua con d9i Bu6c 4: Chc.m can la co chiSu day thich hqp dS do khe ha gi-cta duoi XU pap v6i d§.u don ma (xu pap treo) ho?c v6i dfiu bu long diSu chinh cua con d9i (xu pap d?t); Bu6c 5: Dung tu6c na vit V?n vit diSu chinh (xu pap treo) hoijc dung cle dyt V?n bu long diSu chinh (xu pap d?t), khi nao xe dich can la thfiy vua sit la duqc; Bu6c 6: Giu nguyen tu6c na vit ho?c bulong diSu chinh va dung cle v~ ch?t dai 6c ham l?i. Chu y khong dS vit hay bu long xoay khi V?n dai 6c ham; Bu6c 7: Chia dfiu a banh da ho?c puly tuang ung v6i goc l~ch cong tac cua cac may. Nhung dfiu nay la £>CT cua cac pit tong theo thu tv n6 cua d9ng ca. Vi d'?[: - £>9ng ca 4 xi lanh danh 2 dfiu each nhau 180° - £>9ng ca 6 xi lanh danh 3 dfiu each nhau 120° ... - £>9ng ca 8 xi lanh danh 4 dfiu each nhau 90° Bu6c 8: Quay trgc khuyu cho dfiu thu 2 trung v6i dfiu tren than may. Bu6c 9: 0iSu chinh 2 XU pap cua xi lanh kS tiSp theo thu t\T n6 cua d9ng ca nhu cac bu6c: bu6c 3, bu6c 4, bu6c 5 va bu6c 6. Bu6c 10: TiSp t\lc thvc hi~n cac bu6c 8, 9 dS diSu chinh khe ha nhi~t cho cac xi lanh con l?i. .. Phuong phap diSu chinh dan chiSc co uu diSm la dam bao chinh xac (hay SU dl_lng) nhung do diSu chinh khe ha nhi~t XU pap cua tung xi lanh phai xac dinh nhiSu 1§.n nen mftt nhiSu thoi gian. Di~u chinh hanh lo~t Tue la quay trgc khuyu 2 llin, vi tri cua trgc khuyu a 2 llin quay each nhau 3600, t?i m6i vi tri cua trgc khuyu co th@ diSu chinh duqc khe ha nhi~t cua nhiSu XU pap tren nhiSu xi lanh. Cac bu6c tiSn hanh nhu sau: Bu6c 1: Quay trgc khuyu cho pit tong xi lanh s6 1 a £>CT, ung v6i thoi diSm cu6i nen dliu n6. TiSn hanh diSu chinh khe ha nhi~t cho tftt cac XU pap a tr?ng thai dong. Bu6c 2: Quay trgc khuyu 3600 so v6i vi tri 1, diSu chinh khe ha nhi~t cua cac XU pap con l?i. Vi dl_l: 0iSu ~hinh khe ha nhi~t cua d9ng ca 4 ky, 4 xi lanh va thu t\T n6 la 1- 2 - 4 - 3 . Cac bu6c tien hanh nhu sau:
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