My greatest debt is to Shelley Fisher Fishkin. She has been an ideal men- tor throughout my brief career and wil l continue to inspire my explo- rations for years to come. As Professor Fishkin exemplifies, there is no warmer social and intellectual suppor t system than the circle of Mark Twain scholars around the world. Victor Doyno and Rober t Hirst en- thusiastically encouraged me to pursue Twain's interest in copyright , and each opened up many invaluable opportunities. Louis J . Budd and Dav