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- SOCIAL - CULTURAL NEWS
TIN TỨC VĂN HÓA - X Ã HỘI
- ------------------------------------------------------------------N
25.
SOUTH SUDAN FACES OBSTACLES
A. Từ Vựng
English Part of speech Vietnamese
South Sudan n Cộng hòa Nam
Sudan
independence n nền độc lập
develop V phát triển
neglect n sự bỏ bê, tắc
trách
government n chính phủ
public n công chúng
system n hệ thống
illiteracy n mù chữ
estimate V ước đoán
register V đăng kí
- education n nền giáo dục
minister n bộ trưởng
issue V, n phát hành, đưa
ra
propose V đề xuất, đưa ra
budget n ngân sách
include V bao gồm
lecturer n giảng viên, người
thuyết giảng
salary n tiền lương
commission n ủy ban, nhiệm vụ
carpentry n nghề mộc
agricultural adj thuộc về nông
nghiệp
B. Bản tin
SOUTH SUDAN FACES OBSTACLES
O n July ninth, South Sudan becomes die w orld's
one h u n d red ninety-third nation. Almost ninety-nine
percent of voters last m onth chose independence from
the north.
South Sudan will also be one of the world's least
d e v e l o p e d nations. This follows years of w ar and
n e g l e c t by the Sudanese governm ent in Khartoum.
- South Sudan is about the size of France. Yet it has
only fifty kilometers of good roads and alm ost no
public electrical pow er or other basic systems.
Illiteracy rates are high. There are estim ates that
more than eighty percent of the population cannot read
or write.
There are five universities. Three of them moved
their operations to die north during the war. The
southern governm ent has brought most of the students
back.
Officials estim ate that about twenty-five thousand
students have registered at the five universities. Classes
were supposed to start in April. But the Ministry for
Higher Education in the south has now moved the
opening date to the m iddle of May.
The governm ent pays for food and provides
housing for students. But higher education minister
Joseph Ukel says finding enough space was one reason
for die delay.
Another issue is money. The governm ent in
Khartoum will pay for the schools until July. Mr. Ukel
says the southern governm ent’s proposed budget for
this year does not include any m oney for the
universities.
Then there is the problem of teachers. Almost
seventy-five percent of the lecturers are from the north.
They are not likely to travel to the south to continue
teaching for their schools.
- Mr. Ukel says his ministry has asked southern
Sudanese teachers outside the country to return.
William Deng heads a commission supervising the
return of ninety thousand former fighters to civilian
life. He says m ost of the soldiers who have come out of
the southern arm y need education and training.
£3 Hãy dựa vào bản tin trên để trả lời các câu
hỏi sau
1. Why is South Sudan one of the world’s least developed
nations according to the news?
2. How many people can read or write are there in South
Sudan?
3. How many percent of voters chose independence from
the north?
4. What most of the soldiers who have come out of the
southern army need?
5. W ho’s Joseph Ukel?
- c. Ngữ pháp
- one of +N (plural): một trong số gi đó
South Sudan will also be one of the world’s least
developed nations.
D. Bài dịch
Hãy dịch đoạn văn "The government pays for food
....need education and training" sang tiếng Việt.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------- 26.
DOCTORS LACK MANY WAYS
TO TREAT RADIATION EXPOSURE
/
A. Từ Vựng
English Part of speech Vietnamese
across adv băng qua
radiation n phóng xạ
radioactive adj có tính phóng xạ
plutonium n pluton
pill n thuốc
iodine n i ốt
trace n vết tích
power station n nhà máy điện
treatm ent n sự chữa trị
exposure n tiếp xúc
- potassium n kali
organ n cơ quan
gland n tuyến
cancer n ung thư
crisis n khủng hoảng
possible adj khả dĩ
thyroid n tuyến giáp
absorb V hấp thụ
result V kết quả
promise n hứa hẹn
research n cuộc nghiên cứu
B. Bản tin
DOCTORS LACK MANY WAYS TO TREAT RADIATION
EXPOSURE
Countries across Asia and beyond are reporting
small am ounts of radiation from the disabled nuclear
reactors in Japan. But officials say these levels are not a
threat to public health.
On Tuesday, Chinese officials reported low levels
of radioactive iodine-131 in areas of southeastern
China. These include Guangxi, G uangdong and
( 124^
- Shanghai. Earlier tests found the material in the
northeastern province of Heilongjiang.
In South Korea, nuclear safety officials say they
have found radioactive iodine in Seoul and several
other areas.
Traces from the Fukushim a pow er station have also
been found as far aw ay as Britain and the eastern
United States.
Radioactive iodine loses half its strength in a week.
But a more dangerous material, plutonium , has also
been found in soil near the pow er plant.
Some medicines, like Prussian blue pills, can help
expel radioactive elem ents from the body. But there are
not a lot of treatm ents for radiation exposure.
The best know n is potassium iodine. The pills flood
the thyroid gland w ith non-radioactive iodine. The
thyroid gland is a small organ in the neck that requires
iodine for good health.
But people exposed to high levels of radioactive
iodine can get thyroid cancer. The pills block the
thyroid from absorbing radioactive iodine and reduce
the cancer risk.
But the pills are n ot a cure for radiation sickness.
And they w ork only if the radioactive iodine has been
taken into the body through food or drink.
The W orld H ealth O rganization is w arning the
public not to use potassium iodide unless health
officials advise them to. W HO spokesman Gregory
H artl says the pills have their ow n risks.
- The crisis in Japan is the result of dam age from the
March eleventh earthquake and tsunam i
In the United States, the Armed Forces
Radiobiology Research Institute is looking for more-
effective treatm ents for radiation exposure. The
institute is w orking w ith a company called Onconova
on one possible treatm ent know n as Ex-Rad. Onconova
officials say Ex-Rad has shown prom ise in tests on
animals, but several more years of research are needed.
ẼQ Hãy dựa vào bản tin trên để trả lời các câu
hỏi sau
1. In which provinces do Chinese officials report low
levels of radioactive iodine-131?
2. W hat is the effect of Prussian blue pills?
3. W hat’s thyroid gland?
4. Under what conditions do Prussian blue pills work?
5. What caused the crisis in Japan?
- c. Ngũ pháp
- to expel som eone/ sth from sth: loại bỏ a i/ cái gi ra
khỏi đâu
Some medicines, like Prussian blue pills, can help
expel radioactive elem ents from the body. But there are
not a lot of treatm ents for radiation exposure.
- be exposed to: bị nhiễm
People exposed to high levels of radioactive iodine
can get thyroid cancer.
- the result of damange from sth: hậu quả từ việc gi
The crisis in Japan is the result of damage from the
March eleventh earthquake and tsunami.
D. Bài dịch
Hãy dịch đoạn văn "Traces from the Fukushima
power station....reduce the cancer risk." sang tiếng Việt.
- f 27.
HOW CAN A COUNTRY DISCONNECT
ITSELF FROM THE INTERNET?
V J)
A. Từ Vựng
English Part of speech Vietnamese
shutdown n sự hỏng, đánh
sập
technical adj thuộc về kĩ thuật
chief adj chủ yếu, quan
trọng, chính
scientist n nhà khoa học
indestructible adj không thể phá
hủy, không thể
công phá
prosaic adj chán ngắt, tầm
thường
bottleneck n bế tắc
explain n giải thích
provider n nhà cung cấp
handful n một số
- disrupt V phá vỡ, đánh
thủng
legislation n ngành lập pháp
measure n biện pháp
bill n dự luật
B. Bản tin
HOW C A N A COUNTRY DISCONNECT ITSELF FROM
THE INTERNET?
A five-day Internet shutdow n in Egypt failed to
stop the protests that forced President Hosni Mubarak
to resign. But it raised a technical question. Just how
were Egyptian officials able to shut dow n Internet
service in their country?
Craig Labovitz is chief scientist at Arbor Networks,
an Internet security company in the American state of
Michigan. Mr. Labovitz says the Internet is not as
indestructible as people m ight think. He says there are
points w here the flow of com puter traffic can be
restricted because the engineering realities are a lot
more prosaic. In many countries there are a few natural
bottlenecks, w hether it be large data centers or right-of-
ways.
Mr. Labovitz says his researchers tracked the
Internet shut dow n in Egypt as it was being carried out.
He explains that in Egypt, Internet users connect to the
outside w orld through a small num ber of providers
w ith international links. So they really just need to turn
off a handful of machines to disrupt internet.
- News reports suggested that the fiber optic links
for those netw orks are even all housed in the same
building. Could a similar Internet shutdow n take place
in the United States? Craig Labovitz says that is less of a
possibility because of a larger num ber of Internet
providers and data centers. Still, the recent shutdown in
Egypt has raised new concerns about a proposal in the
United States Congress. Critics say the legislation could
make similar action possible in America.
The m easure is known as the Protecting
Cyberspace as a National Asset Act. Senator Joseph
Lieberm an of Connecticut first proposed the bill last
June. Supporters say it would help protect the country’s
economic and national security from cyber attack. It
w ould give the president the emergency power to shut
dow n or seize parts of the nation's Internet in the event
of a major threat.
Critics say the bill would give the president too
much power. Some people call it the "Kill Switch Bill" -
an easy way to shut off the Internet. They say the
governm ent could use it to censor the Web and confrol
the flow of information.
Ê3 Hãy dựa vào bản tin trên để trả lời các câu
hỏi sau
1. What’s Arbor Networks?
2. Whv could computer traffic be restricted in Egypt
recently?
- 3. Why is there less of a possibility of Internet disruption
in the u.s?
4. W hat’s argum ent critics raise to oppose theBill?
5. W hat’s argum ent supporters raise to support the Bill?
c. Ngữ pháp
- force someone to do sth: bắt buộc ai làm điều gì
A five-day Internet shutdown in Egypt failed to stop
the protests that forced President Hosni M ubarak to
resign.
- bill: bản trình bày một luật mới được đưa ra, sẽ được
thảo luận trước khi bầu chọn
Senator Joseph Lieberman of Connecticut first
proposed the bill last June.
D. Bài dịch
Hãy dịch đoạn văn "Could a similar Internet
shutdown ....control the flow of information" sang tiếng
Việt.
- 28.
CLASSES START IN MARCH
AT INTERNET TRAINING CENTER IN TOGO
J
A. Từ Vựng
English Part of speech Vietnamese
training n sự đào tạo
union n liên đoàn
launch V đưa ra, phóng
plumbing n thuật hàn chỉ
instructor n người hướng dẫn
intensive adj chuyên sâu,
mạnh mẽ
program n chương trình
encourage V cổ vũ, động viên
participation n sự tham gia
enrollment n sự kết nạp, sự
đăng kí
recommendation n đề xuất, sự
khuyến nghị
ÍĨ32ÍQ
- attend V tham gia
basics n những khái niệm
cơ bản
professional n người chuyên
nghiệp
spread V lan rộng
B. Bản tin
CLASSES START IN MARCH AT INTERNET TRAINING
CENTER IN TOGO
A new Internet training center in Togo will give
young people in that p art of West Africa a chance to
improve their job skills.
The International Telecommunication Union and
the com puter-netw orking com pany Cisco Systems
launched the center. A telecom company in Lome is
also taking p art in the effort.
R obert Shaw of the ITU says students will learn the
basics of w hat he calls the "real plum bing of the
Internet."
This m onth, five instructors completed two weeks
of intensive training know n as the Cisco Certified
N e t w o r k i n g Academy. They also learned how to train
others. Robert Shaw says this kind of train-the-trainer
program helps m eet a grow ing dem and for
- professionals in information and communication
technologies, or ICT.
Mr. Shaw says recent years have seen an even
stronger dem and for these kinds of programs in the
developing world.
He said that at the end of 2010 there's about two
billion users on the internet. The majority of those -
about 1.2 billion - is now in developing countries and
that's alm ost the complete opposite of what the
situation was five years ago.
The ITU launched its Internet Training Center
program in two thousand one. The centers are meant to
help spread the grow th of ICT jobs to developing
countries. More than eighty centers have opened in the
Asia-Pacific area, Latin America, Eastern Europe and
Africa.
Mr. Shaw says the new center in Lome will open to
students in March.
He stated that one of the things they're trying to do
in this program is also to encourage participation by
wom en, by girls. So there's a recommendation that they
target at least thirty percent female enrollment.
Other locations in Africa include Angola, Cape
Verde, Kenya, Malawi and Mali. They also include
Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania, Mauritania, Uganda and
Zimbabwe.
Students pay for die training; the cost is different in
each counfry. Those who complete the program are
know n as Cisco-certified. The program lasts about six
months because most students attend part time.
- Ễâ Hãy dựa vào bản tin trên để trả lời các câu
hỏi sau
1. W hat does ITU stand for?
2. How many instructors completed two weeks of
intensive training this month?
3. How many internet users are there in developing
countries?
4. W hen did ITU ITU launch its Internet Training Center
program?
5. When will new center in Lome open?
c. Ngừ pháp
- take part in: tham gia vào
A telecom company in Lome is also taking part in the
effort.
- keep up with: theo kip
And the rate of change means it’s very difficult for
the classical educational program s to keep up with the
demand that’s out there in the marketplace.
- D. Bài dịch
Hãy dịch đoạn văn "The ITU launched....thirty
persent female enrollment" sang tiếng Việt.
nguon tai.lieu . vn
