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TÓM TẮT CÔNG THỨC CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
Loại
Mệnh đề phụ ( IF )
Mệnh đề chính
1A
IF + S + V1/S/ES + ......,
S + V1/S/ES + ......
1B
IF + S + V1/S/ES + ......,
S + WILL V0 + ......
2
3
IF + S + WERE / V2/ED + ......, S + WOULD V0 + ......
IF + S + HAD V3/ED + ......,
S + WOULD HAVE V3 /ED + ......
HAD + S + V3/ED + ......,
Lưu ý: Chữ IF: NẾU; chữ UNLESS: NẾU KHÔNG; chữ OR:... HOẶC LÀ...... NẾU KHÔNG/
... NẾU KHÔNG...
Do đó: 1) IF + Mệnh đề khẳng định = UNLESS + Mệnh đề phủ định
2) IF + Mệnh đề phủ định = UNLESS + Mệnh đề khẳng định
Cách dịch đối với câu dùng UNLESS / OR:
1) Nếu UNLESS ( hoặc OR) đặt đầu câu thì dịch mệnh đề chính ( mệnh đề bên phải dấu
phẩy) trước.
2) Nếu UNLESS ( hoặc OR) đặt giữa câu thì dịch từ trái qua phải.
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Hãy chọn một câu trả lời đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu tương ứng dưới đây:
If the train is late, we………………….. to the office.
A) walk
B) will walk
C) would walk
D) walks
She…………………….. if she has time.
A) calls
B) would call
C) will call
D) calling
If it…………………..…. too much, I will buy the smaller one.
A) costs
B) will cost
C) would cost
D) cost
If the class……………………….. full, we will find another one.
A) are
B) will be
C) were
D) is
What will we do if the taxi…………………….….?
A) don’t come
B) didn’t come
C) doesn’t come
D) had not come
If it snowed this summer, we…………………… skiing.
A) goes
B) will go
C) would go
D) go
If you drove more carefully, you…………..……..so many accidents.
A) would not have B) will not have
C) wouldn’t have had D) has
If he……………..………… up earlier, he’d get to work on time.
A) gets
B) will get
C) got
D) had got
I would tell you more about it if we……………………………… more time.
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A) has
B) will have
C) have
D) had
10. If I……………….…….you, I wouldn’t worry about going to university.
A) am
B) be
C) were
D) had been
11. If you………………….…….. any money, I’d give you some.
A) hadn’t had
B) haven’t had
C) don’t have
D) didn’t have
12. You’d earn more money if you…………………. more products.
A) to sell
B) sell
C) sold
D) will sell
13. If I……………………. so busy yesterday, I would have visited you.
A) were not
B) wasn’t
C) aren’t
D) hadn’t been
14. If you had seen the film, you………….……… it.
A) will enjoy
B) would have enjoyed
C) would enjoy
D) enjoyed
15. She would have gone to the university if she……………… the opportunity.
A) has
B) will have
C) had had
D) had
16. If he had been more careful, he…………….…………. an accident.
A) would not have had
B) will not have
C) does not have D) would not have
17. If you’d stayed at home, there …………………………. any trouble.
A) would not be
B) will not be
C) is not
D) would not have been
18. What would you do if he………………….…… tomorrow?
A) resigned
B) will resign
C) resigns
D) to resign
19. I’ll do it if he…………………….……. me.
A) asking
B) will ask
C) asked
D) asks
20. If you…………..…….. for the car, we’d be able to sell it.
A) look
B) looks
C) looked
D) had looked
21. I wouldn’t have believed it if I………………… it with my own eyes.
A) not to see
B) didn’t see
C) don’t see
D) hadn’t seen
22. What ………….… if you found a burglar in your house?
A) will you do
B) do you do
C) would you do
D) you do
23. If you………………….…… more slowly, he might have understood you.
A) spoke
B) speak
C) speaks
D) to speak
24. If you…………………. careful, you will cut yourself with that knife.
A) are not
B) were not
C) be not
D) not be
25. If she……………………this one, I will bring her another one.
A) don’t like
B) doesn’t like
C) not like
D) to like
26. If I ............... him, I………………………….. him a lift.
A) see/ would give B) saw/ will give
C) see/ will give
D) had seen/ will give
27. The table .......................... if you……………………. on it.
A) will collapse/ stand
B) would collapse/ stand
C) would have collapsed/ stood
D) collapses/ had stood
28. If he………………… all those fruits, he ............................. sick.
A) eat / will get
B) eats/ will get
C) had eaten/ would get
D) ate/ would have got
29. If I .............. your passport, I…………..……….. you at once.
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A) found/ will telephone
B) find/ would telephone
C) had found/ would have telephone D)
find/
will telephone
30. The police…………………… him if they catch him.
A) arrest
B) would arrest
C) will arrest
D) arrested
31. If he………………. in such a pale light, he will ruin his eyes.
A) read
B) reads
C) to read
D) reading
32. Someone………………………. your car if you leave it unlocked.
A) steal
B) will steal
C) stole
D) would steal
33. What will happen if my parachute……………………….?
A) hadn’t opened B) won’t open
C) doesn’t open
D) didn’t open
34. If he………… my car more carefully, I................................. him $10.
A) washes/ would give
B) washes/ will give
C) washed/ will give
D) washes/ would have given
35. If you……………… away, I’ll send for the police at once.
A) don’t go
B) not go
C) didn’t go
D)hadn’t
36.
I.............................. very angry if he………… any more mistakes.
A) am/ made
B) were/ made
C) would be/ makes D) will be/ makes
37. If he…………… late, we ............................ without him.
A) comes/ would go
B) comes/ will go
C) had come/ would go
D) came/ will go
38. If we .............. the car here, it……….............……. in anybody’s way.
A) leave/ will be B) leaves/will be
C) left/ will be
D) had left/ will be
39. He ................................. late for the train if he………..…. at once.
A) would be/ doesn’t start
B) will be/ doesn’t start
C) would have been/ didn’t start
D) is /
hadn’t started
40. If you ................... late, they……………………. you in.
A) arrive/ would not let
B) arrived/ wouldn’t let
C) had arrived/ wouldn’t let D) to arrive/
would not let
41. Unless he………………….. more, he won’t get much commission.
A) sell
B) sells
C) sold
D) selling
42. If I ................... you $10, when ………………………. me?
A) lend/ would you repay
B) lend/ will you repay
C) lent/ will you repay
D) lend/ would you have
repaid
43. If he………………. hard today, ....................................... a holiday tomorrow?
A) worked/ can he have
B) work/ he can have
C) works/ can he have
D) had worked/ he can have
44. Ice………………… into water unless you heat it.
A) don’t turn B) doesn’t turn
C) would turn
D) would have turned
45. If you………………… this one, I’ll bring you another.
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A) doesn’t like
B) will not like
C) don’t like
D) didn’t like
46. Unless you ................ more careful, you………………… an accident.
A) are/ will have B) were/ will have
C) had been/ would have
D) be/ have
47. If I tell you a secret, ………………. you promise not to tell it to anyone else?
A) would
B) did
C) will
D) have
48. If you…………………….. what I say, ask your mother.
A) not believe
B) not to believe
C) didn’t believe
D) don’t believe
49. Unless I .............. a quiet room, I………………not be able to do any work.
A) had/ will
B) have/ will
C) has/ would have
D) had had/ would have
50. She ..................not open the door unless she………………… who it was.
A) will/ knew
B) will/ knows
C) would/ knew
D) does/ knows
51. If I .............. a typewriter now, I……………….………. this contract by myself.
A) have/ would type
B) have/ will type
C) had/ would type
D) had had/ would have typed
52. Unless I…………….……. his address, I’d give it to you.
A) didn’t know/ will give
B) don’t know/ would have given
C) knew/ would give
D) know/ will give
53. He…………………………. a lot better if he ...................... more often years back.
A) would have looked/ shaved
B) will look/ shaved
C) looks/ shave
D) would have looked/ had shaved
54. If you……………… for lower stakes, you ................................. so much.
A) plays/ would lose
B) play/ will have been
losing
C) played/ won’t lose
D) had played/ wouldn’t have lost
55. Unless he worked more slowly, he………………....... so many mistakes.
A) would make
B) will make
C) wouldn’t make
D) won’t make
56. I wouldn’t drink that wine if I……………… you.
A) were
B) am
C) had been
D) be
57. More tourists ……………. to this country unless it……… a better climate.
A) would come/ had
B) wouldn’t come/ had
C)
wouldn’t
come/ didn’t have
D) would come/ didn’t have
58. If you ……………. your car into the river, you………………… able to get out.
A) drive/ weren’t B) drove/ wouldn’t be C) drove/ will be
D) drive/ wouldn’t be
59. If you………………….to a union, you couldn’t get a job.
A) don’t belong
B) are belonging
C) had belong
D) didn’t belong
60. What ………………….. if you found a burglar in your house?
A) do you do
B) you do
C) would you do
D) you would do
61. He might get fat unless he………………… smoking.
A) kept on
B) stopped
C) accepted
D) addicted
62. If you……………………. someone drowning what would you do?
A) see
B) seen
C) had seen
D) saw
63. I………………. ruined her if I bought her everything she asked for.
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A) were
B) will be
C) would have been D) would be
64. I …………………… a job easily if I………..……. a degree.
A) could get/ have B) can get/ had
C) could get/ had
D) can get/ had had
65. The whole machine …………………. into pieces if you………. that screw quickly.
A) felt/ remove B) will fall/ removed C) would fall/ removed D) would fall/ remove
66. I’d go and see him more often if he……………….. on a bus route.
A) lives
B) lived
C) had lived
D) living
67. What would you have done if the lift……… struck between two floors at that time.
A) had got
B) got
C) gets
D) getting
68. If you knew you had only six weeks to live, how ………………. such a short span?
A) did you spend B) will you spend C) would you spend D) would you have spend
69. I’d climb over the wall if there…………..so much broken glass on top of it.
A) were
B) had been
C) are
D) is
70. Unless I had known that you were in hospital, I…………………….. you.
A) will visit
B) would have visited C) visit
D) don’t visit
71. You would have seen my garden at its best if you……………… here last week.
A) were
B) are
C) had been
D) be
72. I shouldn’t have believed it if I…………………… it with my own eyes.
A) had seen
B) saw
C) hadn’t seen
D) didn’t see
73. If I………………. a map, I …………………………….. the way to the Post Office.
A) had had/ would have lost
B) had had/ wouldn’t have lost
C) had/ won’t lose
D) have/ wouldn’t have
74. If I…………………. that you were coming, I’d have baked a cake.
A) know
B) knew
C) had known
D) didn’t know
75. Had you left that wasp alone, it………………… you.
A) would have stung
B) wouldn’t sting
C) wouldn’t have stung
D) would sting
76. Unless I ……………that the traffic lights were red, I……………..…………...
A) had realized/ would have stopped
B) had realized/ wouldn’t have stopped
C) realized/ would stop
D) realize/ will not stop
77. If you ……… me that he had never paid his debts, I………………… him the money.
A) had told/ wouldn’t have lent
B) had told/ wouldn’t have been lent
C) tell/ will not lend
D) told/ would lend
78. If you………………, he wouldn’t have known that we were there.
A) didn’t sneeze B) won’t sneezed
C) doesn’t sneeze
D) hadn’t sneezed
79. If you……............ some mustard in the sandwiches, they would have tasted better.
A) put
B) puts
C) had put
D) putting
80. The hens………………………. into the house if you had shut the door.
A) couldn’t get
B) couldn’t have got C) will not get
D) doesn’t get
81. Had you known that the river was dangerous, he……................. to swim across it.
A) would have tried
B) would try
C) will not try
D)
wouldn’t have tried
82. ……………..………. more slowly, he might have understood you.
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TÓM TẮT CÔNG THỨC CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
Loại
Mệnh đề phụ ( IF )
Mệnh đề chính
1A
IF + S + V1/S/ES + ......,
S + V1/S/ES + ......
1B
IF + S + V1/S/ES + ......,
S + WILL V0 + ......
2
3
IF + S + WERE / V2/ED + ......, S + WOULD V0 + ......
IF + S + HAD V3/ED + ......,
S + WOULD HAVE V3 /ED + ......
HAD + S + V3/ED + ......,
Lưu ý: Chữ IF: NẾU; chữ UNLESS: NẾU KHÔNG; chữ OR:... HOẶC LÀ...... NẾU KHÔNG/
... NẾU KHÔNG...
Do đó: 1) IF + Mệnh đề khẳng định = UNLESS + Mệnh đề phủ định
2) IF + Mệnh đề phủ định = UNLESS + Mệnh đề khẳng định
Cách dịch đối với câu dùng UNLESS / OR:
1) Nếu UNLESS ( hoặc OR) đặt đầu câu thì dịch mệnh đề chính ( mệnh đề bên phải dấu
phẩy) trước.
2) Nếu UNLESS ( hoặc OR) đặt giữa câu thì dịch từ trái qua phải.
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Hãy chọn một câu trả lời đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu tương ứng dưới đây:
If the train is late, we………………….. to the office.
A) walk
B) will walk
C) would walk
D) walks
She…………………….. if she has time.
A) calls
B) would call
C) will call
D) calling
If it…………………..…. too much, I will buy the smaller one.
A) costs
B) will cost
C) would cost
D) cost
If the class……………………….. full, we will find another one.
A) are
B) will be
C) were
D) is
What will we do if the taxi…………………….….?
A) don’t come
B) didn’t come
C) doesn’t come
D) had not come
If it snowed this summer, we…………………… skiing.
A) goes
B) will go
C) would go
D) go
If you drove more carefully, you…………..……..so many accidents.
A) would not have B) will not have
C) wouldn’t have had D) has
If he……………..………… up earlier, he’d get to work on time.
A) gets
B) will get
C) got
D) had got
I would tell you more about it if we……………………………… more time.
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A) has
B) will have
C) have
D) had
10. If I……………….…….you, I wouldn’t worry about going to university.
A) am
B) be
C) were
D) had been
11. If you………………….…….. any money, I’d give you some.
A) hadn’t had
B) haven’t had
C) don’t have
D) didn’t have
12. You’d earn more money if you…………………. more products.
A) to sell
B) sell
C) sold
D) will sell
13. If I……………………. so busy yesterday, I would have visited you.
A) were not
B) wasn’t
C) aren’t
D) hadn’t been
14. If you had seen the film, you………….……… it.
A) will enjoy
B) would have enjoyed
C) would enjoy
D) enjoyed
15. She would have gone to the university if she……………… the opportunity.
A) has
B) will have
C) had had
D) had
16. If he had been more careful, he…………….…………. an accident.
A) would not have had
B) will not have
C) does not have D) would not have
17. If you’d stayed at home, there …………………………. any trouble.
A) would not be
B) will not be
C) is not
D) would not have been
18. What would you do if he………………….…… tomorrow?
A) resigned
B) will resign
C) resigns
D) to resign
19. I’ll do it if he…………………….……. me.
A) asking
B) will ask
C) asked
D) asks
20. If you…………..…….. for the car, we’d be able to sell it.
A) look
B) looks
C) looked
D) had looked
21. I wouldn’t have believed it if I………………… it with my own eyes.
A) not to see
B) didn’t see
C) don’t see
D) hadn’t seen
22. What ………….… if you found a burglar in your house?
A) will you do
B) do you do
C) would you do
D) you do
23. If you………………….…… more slowly, he might have understood you.
A) spoke
B) speak
C) speaks
D) to speak
24. If you…………………. careful, you will cut yourself with that knife.
A) are not
B) were not
C) be not
D) not be
25. If she……………………this one, I will bring her another one.
A) don’t like
B) doesn’t like
C) not like
D) to like
26. If I ............... him, I………………………….. him a lift.
A) see/ would give B) saw/ will give
C) see/ will give
D) had seen/ will give
27. The table .......................... if you……………………. on it.
A) will collapse/ stand
B) would collapse/ stand
C) would have collapsed/ stood
D) collapses/ had stood
28. If he………………… all those fruits, he ............................. sick.
A) eat / will get
B) eats/ will get
C) had eaten/ would get
D) ate/ would have got
29. If I .............. your passport, I…………..……….. you at once.
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A) found/ will telephone
B) find/ would telephone
C) had found/ would have telephone D)
find/
will telephone
30. The police…………………… him if they catch him.
A) arrest
B) would arrest
C) will arrest
D) arrested
31. If he………………. in such a pale light, he will ruin his eyes.
A) read
B) reads
C) to read
D) reading
32. Someone………………………. your car if you leave it unlocked.
A) steal
B) will steal
C) stole
D) would steal
33. What will happen if my parachute……………………….?
A) hadn’t opened B) won’t open
C) doesn’t open
D) didn’t open
34. If he………… my car more carefully, I................................. him $10.
A) washes/ would give
B) washes/ will give
C) washed/ will give
D) washes/ would have given
35. If you……………… away, I’ll send for the police at once.
A) don’t go
B) not go
C) didn’t go
D)hadn’t
36.
I.............................. very angry if he………… any more mistakes.
A) am/ made
B) were/ made
C) would be/ makes D) will be/ makes
37. If he…………… late, we ............................ without him.
A) comes/ would go
B) comes/ will go
C) had come/ would go
D) came/ will go
38. If we .............. the car here, it……….............……. in anybody’s way.
A) leave/ will be B) leaves/will be
C) left/ will be
D) had left/ will be
39. He ................................. late for the train if he………..…. at once.
A) would be/ doesn’t start
B) will be/ doesn’t start
C) would have been/ didn’t start
D) is /
hadn’t started
40. If you ................... late, they……………………. you in.
A) arrive/ would not let
B) arrived/ wouldn’t let
C) had arrived/ wouldn’t let D) to arrive/
would not let
41. Unless he………………….. more, he won’t get much commission.
A) sell
B) sells
C) sold
D) selling
42. If I ................... you $10, when ………………………. me?
A) lend/ would you repay
B) lend/ will you repay
C) lent/ will you repay
D) lend/ would you have
repaid
43. If he………………. hard today, ....................................... a holiday tomorrow?
A) worked/ can he have
B) work/ he can have
C) works/ can he have
D) had worked/ he can have
44. Ice………………… into water unless you heat it.
A) don’t turn B) doesn’t turn
C) would turn
D) would have turned
45. If you………………… this one, I’ll bring you another.
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A) doesn’t like
B) will not like
C) don’t like
D) didn’t like
46. Unless you ................ more careful, you………………… an accident.
A) are/ will have B) were/ will have
C) had been/ would have
D) be/ have
47. If I tell you a secret, ………………. you promise not to tell it to anyone else?
A) would
B) did
C) will
D) have
48. If you…………………….. what I say, ask your mother.
A) not believe
B) not to believe
C) didn’t believe
D) don’t believe
49. Unless I .............. a quiet room, I………………not be able to do any work.
A) had/ will
B) have/ will
C) has/ would have
D) had had/ would have
50. She ..................not open the door unless she………………… who it was.
A) will/ knew
B) will/ knows
C) would/ knew
D) does/ knows
51. If I .............. a typewriter now, I……………….………. this contract by myself.
A) have/ would type
B) have/ will type
C) had/ would type
D) had had/ would have typed
52. Unless I…………….……. his address, I’d give it to you.
A) didn’t know/ will give
B) don’t know/ would have given
C) knew/ would give
D) know/ will give
53. He…………………………. a lot better if he ...................... more often years back.
A) would have looked/ shaved
B) will look/ shaved
C) looks/ shave
D) would have looked/ had shaved
54. If you……………… for lower stakes, you ................................. so much.
A) plays/ would lose
B) play/ will have been
losing
C) played/ won’t lose
D) had played/ wouldn’t have lost
55. Unless he worked more slowly, he………………....... so many mistakes.
A) would make
B) will make
C) wouldn’t make
D) won’t make
56. I wouldn’t drink that wine if I……………… you.
A) were
B) am
C) had been
D) be
57. More tourists ……………. to this country unless it……… a better climate.
A) would come/ had
B) wouldn’t come/ had
C)
wouldn’t
come/ didn’t have
D) would come/ didn’t have
58. If you ……………. your car into the river, you………………… able to get out.
A) drive/ weren’t B) drove/ wouldn’t be C) drove/ will be
D) drive/ wouldn’t be
59. If you………………….to a union, you couldn’t get a job.
A) don’t belong
B) are belonging
C) had belong
D) didn’t belong
60. What ………………….. if you found a burglar in your house?
A) do you do
B) you do
C) would you do
D) you would do
61. He might get fat unless he………………… smoking.
A) kept on
B) stopped
C) accepted
D) addicted
62. If you……………………. someone drowning what would you do?
A) see
B) seen
C) had seen
D) saw
63. I………………. ruined her if I bought her everything she asked for.
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A) were
B) will be
C) would have been D) would be
64. I …………………… a job easily if I………..……. a degree.
A) could get/ have B) can get/ had
C) could get/ had
D) can get/ had had
65. The whole machine …………………. into pieces if you………. that screw quickly.
A) felt/ remove B) will fall/ removed C) would fall/ removed D) would fall/ remove
66. I’d go and see him more often if he……………….. on a bus route.
A) lives
B) lived
C) had lived
D) living
67. What would you have done if the lift……… struck between two floors at that time.
A) had got
B) got
C) gets
D) getting
68. If you knew you had only six weeks to live, how ………………. such a short span?
A) did you spend B) will you spend C) would you spend D) would you have spend
69. I’d climb over the wall if there…………..so much broken glass on top of it.
A) were
B) had been
C) are
D) is
70. Unless I had known that you were in hospital, I…………………….. you.
A) will visit
B) would have visited C) visit
D) don’t visit
71. You would have seen my garden at its best if you……………… here last week.
A) were
B) are
C) had been
D) be
72. I shouldn’t have believed it if I…………………… it with my own eyes.
A) had seen
B) saw
C) hadn’t seen
D) didn’t see
73. If I………………. a map, I …………………………….. the way to the Post Office.
A) had had/ would have lost
B) had had/ wouldn’t have lost
C) had/ won’t lose
D) have/ wouldn’t have
74. If I…………………. that you were coming, I’d have baked a cake.
A) know
B) knew
C) had known
D) didn’t know
75. Had you left that wasp alone, it………………… you.
A) would have stung
B) wouldn’t sting
C) wouldn’t have stung
D) would sting
76. Unless I ……………that the traffic lights were red, I……………..…………...
A) had realized/ would have stopped
B) had realized/ wouldn’t have stopped
C) realized/ would stop
D) realize/ will not stop
77. If you ……… me that he had never paid his debts, I………………… him the money.
A) had told/ wouldn’t have lent
B) had told/ wouldn’t have been lent
C) tell/ will not lend
D) told/ would lend
78. If you………………, he wouldn’t have known that we were there.
A) didn’t sneeze B) won’t sneezed
C) doesn’t sneeze
D) hadn’t sneezed
79. If you……............ some mustard in the sandwiches, they would have tasted better.
A) put
B) puts
C) had put
D) putting
80. The hens………………………. into the house if you had shut the door.
A) couldn’t get
B) couldn’t have got C) will not get
D) doesn’t get
81. Had you known that the river was dangerous, he……................. to swim across it.
A) would have tried
B) would try
C) will not try
D)
wouldn’t have tried
82. ……………..………. more slowly, he might have understood you.
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