Asthma and Allergybook

H E A L T H Y P E O P L E L I B R A R Y P R O J E C T X Part 1: WAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science Asthma and Allergies XX Asthma and Allergies: The Science Inside HEALTHY PEOPLE LIBRARY PROJECT American Association for the Advancement of Science Published 2004 by The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20005 © Copyright 2004 by AAAS 0-87168-694-5 All rights reserved. Permission to reproduce this document for not-for-profit educational purposes or for use in a review is hereby granted. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or otherwise, for commercial purposes without prior permission of AAAS. This booklet is a product of the Healthy People 2010 Library Initiative funded by a Science Education Partnership Award (SEPA) from the National Center for Research Resources at the National Institutes of Health (Grant # 5R25RR15601). Any interpretations and conclusions contained in this booklet are those of the authors and do not represent the views of the AAAS Board of Directors, the Council of AAAS, its membership, or the National Institutes of Health. T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S INTRODUCTION: ASTHMA AND ALLERGIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 PART 1: WHAT IS ASTHMA? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Healthy breathing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Problems associated with asthma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 The symptoms of asthma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 The causes of asthma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 How asthma affects the body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 How asthma affects lifestyle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 PART 2: WHAT ARE ALLERGIES? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Healthy immune system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Problems associated with allergies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 The symptoms of allergies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 The causes of allergies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 How allergies affect the body. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 How allergies affect lifestyle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 PART 3: WHO HAS ASTHMA AND ALLERGIES?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Childhood allergies and asthma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Uneven impact of allergies and asthma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Societal impact of allergies and asthma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 PART 4: HOW CAN ASTHMA BE TREATED AND PREVENTED?. . . . . . . 41 Diagnosing and treating asthma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Preventing and controlling asthma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 The relationship between allergies and asthma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 PART 5: HOW CAN ALLERGIES BE TREATED AND PREVENTED? . . . . . 53 Diagnosing and treating allergies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Preventing and controlling allergies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 PART 6: WHAT DOES RESEARCH TELL US ABOUT ASTHMA AND ALLERGIES? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Current lines of research. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 The important role of volunteers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 CONCLUSION: Let’s Breathe Easy with Asthma and Allergies . . . . . . 71 APPENDIX 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Sample Asthma Action Plan Appendix 2: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Questions to Ask Your Physician about Allergies and Asthma APPENDIX 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Taking Part in Research Studies — Questions to Ask RESOURCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 GLOSSARY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 ... - tailieumienphi.vn