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- ADJECTIVE
• * SOME RULES FOR FORMING
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
- A. Comparative:
• 1. short A/Adv:
• Add “er” after them: shorter, longer, higher,….
• Some exceptions:
• end with “y” change into “I” then add “er”:
lovelier, prettier, happier, …
• end by consonant preceded with vowel,
double consonant : thinner, fatter, slimmer,….
• end with “w, er, t” add only “er” : slower,
cleverer, quieter, smarter, …..
- 2. long A/ Adv: more + A/ Adv
Ex: more intelligent, more beautiful, …
- B. Superlative:
1. short A/Adv:
• Add “the A+est” after them: the shortest,
longest, highest,….
• Some exceptions:
• end with “y” change into “I” then add “est”:
the loveliest, prettiest, happiest, …
• end by consonant preceded with vowel,
double consonant : the thinnest, fattest,
slimmer,
• end with “w, er, t” add only “er” : slower,
cleverer, quieter, smarter, …..
- • 2. long A/ Adv: more + A/ Adv
• Ex: the most intelligent, the most beautiful,
……….
- Some irregular As:
compariso Comparative Superlative
n
Adjectives
Good Better The best
Bad Worse The worst
Far Farther The farthest
little less The least
- SOME OTHER KINDS OF COMPARISON:
1. Double comparative:
+ short A: [the short A + er]
Ex: the higher the sun, the shorter the
shadow.
+ long A: [the more A, the more/ A+ er]
Ex: the more modest you are, the more
successful you can get.
- + V: [the more S+ V]
Ex: The more he works, the thinner he will
be.
+ N: the more N , the more N/ A+ er
Ex: The more money I got, the more
industrious I am.
- There are 8 kinds of A:
1. Proper: describe a thing
Ex: Chinese language, Italian Watch,…
2. Descriptive: show what quality, in which state
of a thing or a person
Ex: a good man, an old book, an ill person,…
3. Quantitative: show an amount or number of sth
Ex: much, some, few, little,…
4. Demonstrative: show which or what thing is
meant
Ex: this, that these, those, such, same,…
- 5. Interrogative: used for asking
questions
Ex: whose, what, which, when,…
6. Distributive: show a person or thing
are taken singly or separate lots
(every, each, either, neither…)
7. Possessive: show possession (my,
her, his, its, their, your, our)
8. Limiting or Articles: the, a, an (a man,
the cat, an orange…)
- Position of A:
• + often in front of N, pronoun
- + Some exceptions:
+ Modified by a phrase, the A as common thing.
ex: He’s a prison worthy of death.
Qualifying the compound of some,
any, no (one/ thing/ body)
Ex: Is there anything new today?
When it’s formed by prefix “a”
Ex: I saw a boy asleep in his room.
Used in a complement of O to a V
(make, keep, urge,….)
Ex: U made me happy.
- - Used as a Subjective complement after V
understood.
Ex: All people (that were) present was astonished
by
his coming late.
I booked the most expensive seat (that was)
available.
- Denoting measure or age
Ex: she is 10 years old.
+ This table is 1 meter long and a half of meter
wide.
- ORDER OF ADJ
NUMBER
Ex: a small black plastic bag
QUALITY
SIZE
SHAPE
AGE
COLOR
ORIGIN
MATERIAL
NOUN
Ex: an old Korean song
- note
SIZE AND LENGHT SHAPE AND WIDTH
EX:
a tall thin man
a short fat woman
- note
Two or more A of colour, use AND
EX:
a pink and yellow scarf
a red , blue and white flag
- Some examples of adjective order
Opinio Materia Purpos
Size Age Shape Colour Origin
n l e
youn Englis
a silly man
g h
a huge round metal bowl
smal sleepin
a red bag
l g
- Exercise 1: Choose the best answer:
1. Which is the correct order?
• a small Canadian thin lady
• a Canadian small thin lady
• a small thin Canadian lady
• a thin small Canadian lady
•
- 2. Which is the correct order?
• a carving steel new knife
• a new steel carving knife
• a steel new carving knife
• a new carving steel knife
- 3. Which is the correct order?
• a beautiful blue sailing boat
• a blue beautiful sailing boat
• a sailing beautiful blue boat
• a blue sailing beautiful boat
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