ACR Manual on Contrast Media Version 8

ACR Manual on Contrast Media Version 8 2012 ACR Committee on Drugs and Contrast Media ACR Manual on Contrast Media Version 8 2012 ACR Committee on Drugs and Contrast Media © Copyright 2012 American College of Radiology ISBN: 978-1-55903-009-0 Table of Contents Topic Last Updated Page 1. Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V8 – 2012 . . . . . . 3 2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . 4 3. Patient Selection and Preparation Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . . 5 4. Injection of Contrast Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . 13 5. Extravasation of Contrast Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . 17 6. Adverse Events After Intravascular Iodinated Contrast Media . . . . . . . V8 – 2012 . . . . . 21 Administration 7. Contrast Media Warming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V8 – 2012 . . . . . 29 8. Contrast-Induced Nephrotoxicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V8 – 2012 . . . . . 33 9. Metformin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . 43 10. Contrast Media in Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . 47 11. Iodinated Gastrointestinal Contrast Media in Adults: Indications . . . . . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . 55 and Guidelines 12. Adverse Reactions to Gadolinium-Based Contrast Media . . . . . . . . . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . 59 13. Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V8 – 2012 . . . . . 63 14. Treatment of Contrast Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V8 – 2012 . . . . 73 15. Administration of Contrast Media to Pregnant or Potentially . . . . . . . . V6 – 2008. . . . . 75 Pregnant Patients 16. Administration of Contrast Media to Breast-Feeding Mothers . . . . . . . V6 – 2008 . . . . . 79 Table 1 – Indications for Use of Iodinated Contrast Media . . . . . . . . . . . . V6 – 2008 . . . . . 81 Table 2 – Organ or System-Specific Adverse Effects from the Administration . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . 82 of Iodine-Based or Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents Table 3 – Categories of Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . 83 Table 4 – Management of Acute Reactions in Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V7 – 2010 . . . . . 84 Table 5 – Management of Acute Reactions in Adults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V6 – 2008 . . . . . 86 Table 6 – Equipment for Emergency Carts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V6 – 2008 . . . . . 88 Appendix A – Contrast Media Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V8 – 2012 . . . . . 89 ACR Manual on Contrast Media – Version 8, 2012 Table of Contents / 1 Preface This Eighth Edition of the ACR Manual on Contrast Media replaces all earlier editions. It is be-ing published as a Web-based document only so it can be updated as frequently as needed. This manual was developed by the ACR Committee on Drugs and Contrast Media of the ACR Commission on Quality and Safety as a guide for radiologists to enhance the safe and effective use of contrast media. Suggestions for patient screening, premedication, recognition of adverse reactions, and emergency treatment of such reactions are emphasized. Its major purpose is to provide useful information regarding contrast media used in daily practice. The committee offers this document to practicing radiologists as a consensus of scientific evi-dence and clinical experience concerning the use of iodinated contrast media. The general prin-ciples outlined here also pertain to the administration and systemic effects (e.g., adverse effects) of noniodinated contrast media such as gadolinium or other compounds used for magnetic reso-nance imaging and gastrointestinal imaging. The editorial staff sincerely thanks all who have contributed their knowledge and valuable time to this publication. Members of the ACR Committee on Drugs and Contrast Media at the time of this edition are: Richard H. Cohan, MD, FACR, Chair Jonathan R. Dillman, MD Robert P. Hartman, MD Syed Z. Jafri, MD, FACR Carolyn K. Wang, MD Jeffrey H. Newhouse, MD, FACR Claude B. Sirlin, MD Jeffrey C. Weinreb, MD, FACR Matthew S. Davenport, MD James H. Ellis, MD, FACR Brian R. Herts, MD Amy B. Kolbe, MD Laurence Needleman, MD, FACR Arthur J. Segal, MD, FACR Neil F. Wasserman, MD Finally, the committee wishes to recognize the efforts of Ms. Margaret Wyatt and other support-ing members of the ACR staff. ACR Manual on Contrast Media – Version 8, 2012 Preface / 3 ... - tailieumienphi.vn