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  3. A study on importance of training programmes and its impact on SHG members with special reference to Pune city

A study on importance of training programmes and its impact on SHG members with special reference to Pune city

This paper makes an attempt to find out the various types of training programmes offered by the Government Self help groups and Private self help groups and at the same time the level of awareness and the importance of training programmes on its members. International Journal of Management (IJM) Volume 7, Issue 3, March-April 2016, pp. 27-33, Article ID: IJM_07_03_004 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=7&IType=3 Journal Impact Factor (2016): 8.1920 (Calculate

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  1. International Journal of Management (IJM) Volume 7, Issue 3, March-April 2016, pp. 27-33, Article ID: IJM_07_03_004 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=7&IType=3 Journal Impact Factor (2016): 8.1920 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com ISSN Print: 0976-6502 and ISSN Online: 0976-6510 © IAEME Publication A STUDY ON IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING PROGRAMMES AND ITS IMPACT ON SHG MEMBERS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PUNE CITY Porinita Banerjee Assistant Professor, AKI’s PIMSE, Pune-India Dr Shivaji N.Borhade Faculty Incharge & Head, Department of Commerce Co-ordinator, Ph. D Programme Yashwantrao Mohite College of Arts Sciences and Commerce, Pune, India ABSTRACT This paper makes an attempt to find out the various types of training programmes offered by the Government Self help groups and Private self help groups and at the same time the level of awareness and the importance of training programmes on its members. Employability is the most imperative factor in every human’s life, it is the way to earn income and to run livelihood. But due to rapid growth of population in the country, or in state it is becoming difficult for the Government to provide employment opportunities to the young youth’s living in the village, state or in district. Government is trying to motivate the youth to start up new ventures and to be self employed which would create employment opportunities further. Government of India as well as Maharashtra is trying to motivate women, youth and other individuals to start up new ventures, to create their own self employment .Thus, Self help groups’ are the part and process of the said programme. To provide solution to the unemployment by providing various types of training to its members Key words: Self Help Group, Employment, Training. Cite this Article: Porinita Banerjee and Dr Shivaji N.Borhade, A Study on Importance of Training Programmes and Its Impact on SHG Members with Special Reference to Pune City. International Journal of Management, 7(3), 2016, pp. 27-33. http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=7&IType=3 http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 27 editor@iaeme.com
  2. Porinita Banerjee and Dr Shivaji N.Borhade INTRODUCTION Poverty and unemployment are the major problems of any under developed country, to which India is no exception. Poverty is the root cause of various issues and challenges before the Indian economy. The poor and women have to struggle in having access to credit. The perceptible gap in financing genuine credit needs of the poor especially women in the rural sector gave birth to the idea of organizing Self- Help Groups (SHGs). ”. This initiative has been taken to eradicate poverty, empower women, access to credit facility and also to provide employment to the rural women which will all together improve the economic condition of the women in India. In India it came with the establishment of SEWA (Self Employment Women Association) in 1974 in Gujarat. The concept of micro- finance owes its origin to the birth of Grameen Bank in Bangladesh. The micro –finance programme has been implemented through participating commercial banks, regional banks and cooperative banks. NANARD also provides financial assistance to the NGOs involved in micro finance lending. Though there is no subsidy to the borrowers by lending institution nut NABARD provides 100% refinance facility. In India National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Developmen t(NABARD) was initiated in 1986-87. But the actual effort was taken with the implementation of SHG Bank Linkage Programme in 1991-92 with the Banks. Micro Finance: A Micro finance institution is an organization that provides microfinance services, ranging from small non scaled organization bank, financial NGO, or credit cooperative that provides financial services to the poor. According to MUHAMMED YUNUS, (Founder of Grameen Bank & Nobel Prize winner) “ Poverty is not created by the poor, it is created by the structure of society and the policies pursued by society. Self Help Group: A Self Help Group ( SHG) is registered group of autonomous, nonpolitical micro entrepreneurs having homogenous social and economical background voluntarily coming together to save a small amount on regular basis , which is deposited in a common fund to meet members’ future contingencies and to provide collateral free loans decided by the group members. These Groups are recognized as a useful tool to help the poor and an alternative mechanism to meet the urgent credit needs of poor group members through saving habit. The group members use collective wisdom and peer pressure to ensure proper end- use of credit and timely repayment thereof. It also enhances the equality of status of women as participants decision-makers and beneficiaries in the democratic, economic, social and cultural spheres of life. The basic principles of the Self Help Groups are group approach, mutual trust, organization of small and manageable groups, group cohesiveness, sprit of thrift, demand based lending, collateral free, women friendly loan, peer group pressure in repayment, skill training capacity building and empowerment. Self Help Group Members’ Training: The main objective of the training is to bring out the hidden talents and the capacity of all the SHG members through systematic modular training. Various kinds of training programmes are offered to the members to make them employable and self independent. The cost of the training differs from one another and trainee members need to pay the specific cost associated to the training programmes irrespective of the size of Self Help Group. The training commences immediately after group formation. http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 28 editor@iaeme.com
  3. A Study on Importance of Training Programmes and Its Impact on SHG Members with Special Reference to Pune City OBJECTIVES  To identify the various training programs offered by the SHGs to its members.  To analyze the views on level of awareness and importance of training programmes among SHG Members. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY  Scope of the Study: The scope of the study was defined at two levels i.e Service level and Geographical level.  Service Scope: The study was carried out for Self Help Group Members only.  Geographical scope: The geographical scope of the study was restricted to Pune city located in Maharashtra State.  Research Design: The present study is an empirical study based on survey method. First hand data were collected from the field through interview schedule and observation method.  Sampling Unit: The sampling unit for the study comprised of the SHG members and beneficiaries in Pune City.  Sample Size & Period of the Study: For the research study the researcher has divided the entire population in terms of non overlapping and mutually exclusive four geographical strata of Pune city with the help of map, viz Eastern zone, Western Zone, South Zone and North Zone. Based on the research plan 200 questionnaires were distributed amongst the Government SHG members and Private SHG members, but 155 respondents have filled the questionnaire properly and been selected for this study by using Disproportion stratified random sampling technique. Out of 155 respondents 80 are from Government SHGs and 75 are from Private SHGs. The data used for this study were collected from August –January 2016.  Tools used for analysis: The researcher has applied the following tools in the present study. They are (a) percentage analysis, (b) chi-square analysis FORMULATION OF HYPOTHESIS After analyzing the various factors relating to the study and the variables taken up for the study, I formulated the following Hypothesis. Ho: There is no significant association between the respondent’s level of awareness and importance of training programmes offered by various SHGs. H1: There is a significant association between the respondent’s level of awareness and importance of training programmes offered by SHGs. REVIEW OF LITERATURE: The researcher has collected the literature pertaining to the present study through various reports and other published sources. They have highlighted various aspects of Self Help Groups’ performance. And impact of training programmes on its members. Hence, the researcher has taken following types of review to justify the problem selected for research.  Deogratias B. Aikaruwa, Gerald A. Sumari, Grace N. Maleko has published a paper on “Social Functionality of Self Help Groups in Tanzania” Journal of Business Administration and Education ISSN 2201-2958 Volume 5, Number 2, 2014, 99-136, has stated in the study that SHGs are institutions that suit the life situations of many people who are generally poor and are vulnerable to different socio – economic difficulties that are common amongst themselves. It offers various services to their http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 29 editor@iaeme.com
  4. Porinita Banerjee and Dr Shivaji N.Borhade members including support to individual economic activities in terms of financial assistance, imparting knowledge and technical skills; assist individual investments both in financial and human capital; help in asset creation thus improving the living standards of the members and create social networks and thus building social capital amongst the members.  Dr. Devaki Kutty has published a paper on “Redesigning women self help group training program for self employment” Tactful Management Research Journal ” ISSN: 2319-7943. She concludes in her study that the SHG membership enables the poor to be bankable and meaningful inclusion would make them self reliant. Synthesizing SHG program with skillfully designed training program can bequeath entrepreneurial qualities as well.  Prof.V.V.Bidnur has published a paper on “Role of self help group in women's life with reference to Sangli Miraj and Kupwad Corporation area” In this paper the author states that SHG movement in India has been working in the right direction and it is a great yardstick to empower more and more women in social, cultural, economic, political and legal matters, for the interest of the family in particular and the nation in general.  Deshmukh-Randive (2004) has studied the impact of SHG in Andhra Pradesh. The study reveals that the SHG members after joining the group has been benefitted innumerably ,there is a great change in their economic activity, their savings, income, financial assets has increased exponentially after joining SHGs. Apart from economic progress, the group members have become socially aware which has resulted in better family planning and adoption of healthy habits. TABLE. 1 Training Programmes provided by SHGs No. of Sr.no Types of Training respondents Percentage % availed training 1 Tailoring 26 16.77 2 Embriodery 17 10.97 3 Computer 8 5.16 4 Bookkeeping & Accounting 5 3.23 5 Dairy 6 3.87 6 Production & sale of Agarbatti 5 3.23 7 Production & sale of Composite mannure 8 5.16 8 Production & sale of Soap & Detergent 7 4.52 9 Beautian training 10 6.45 10 Bakery items 5 3.23 11 Candle & Diya making 9 5.81 12 Production & sale of Papad 8 5.16 13 Production & sale of Sambhar Masala & other spices 9 5.81 14 Fashion designing 8 5.16 15 Mehendi Kon Making 7 4.52 16 Bag Making 5 3.23 17 English Speaking training 2 1.29 18 Human Right Training 2 1.29 19 LIC Jivan Bima Agent training 3 1.94 20 Health check-up training 2 1.29 21 Others 3 1.94 Total 155 http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 30 editor@iaeme.com
  5. A Study on Importance of Training Programmes and Its Impact on SHG Members with Special Reference to Pune City 1.29 1.94 1.29 1.94 Tailoring 1.29 Embriodery 3.23 Computer Bookkeeping & Accounting 16.77 Dairy 4.52 Production & sale of Agarbatti Production & sale of Composite mannure 5.16 Production & sale of Soap & Detergent Beautian training 10.97 5.81 Bakery items Candle & Diya making Production & sale of Papad 5.16 5.16 Production & sale of Sambhar Masala & other spices Fasahion designing 5.81 Mehendi Kon Making Bag Making English Speaking training 3.23 6.45 4.52 5.16 3.87 Human Right Training LIC Jivan Bima Agent training 3.23 Health check-up training 3.23 Others Graphical Representation 18.00 16.00 14.00 12.00 10.00 8.00 6.00 4.00 Series1 2.00 0.00 (Source: Primary Field survey, 2015-2016) http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 31 editor@iaeme.com
  6. Porinita Banerjee and Dr Shivaji N.Borhade INTERPRETATION The above analysis shows that out of the various training programmes offered by the SHGs majority of the respondents have availed tailoring training , 16.77% of the respondent have availed that followed by Embroidery 10.97%,Beautian training 6.45%, Candle & Diya making & Production & sale of Sambhar Masala & other spices 5.81%, Computer, Production & sale of Composite manure, Production & sale of Papad & Fashion designing 5.16%, Production & sale of Soap & Detergent & Mehendi Kon Making 4.52%, Dairy 3.87%, Bookkeeping & Accounting, Production & sale of Agarbatti, Bakery items, Bag Making 3.23%,LIC Jivan Bima Agent training & Others1.94% and lastly English Speaking training, Human Right Training & Health check-up training with 1.29%. TABLE 2 Views on Level of awareness and importance of training programes among SHG members Level of Respondents Level of awareness TOTAL Importance HA A PA NA Very important 22 18.00 18.00 10.00 68 Important 20 16.00 12.00 4.00 52 Not at all important 14 15.00 4.00 2.00 35 Total 56 49.00 34.00 16.00 155 Statistical Inference Chi square Degree of Significant Value Decision Result value freedom Null hypothesis 15.909 0.014 6 Significant rejected (Source: Primary Data) Abb: HA: Highly Aware, A-Aware, PA-Partly Aware, NA- Not aware Significant-(Significant value -0.05) INTERPRETATION From the above analysis it is very clear that the significant value of 0.014 is less that 0.05, thus Null Hypothesis is rejected and the results that there is a significant association between the respondents level of awareness about the importance of training programmes offered by SHGs. CONCLUSION Thus the above study states that the various types of training programmes offered by the SHGs have great impact on its members. Training and Development function plays a significant role in energizing and empowering group members by increasing their skills through innovative and productive programmes. These programmes enables Women to have more exposure in social, economical, political, educational and technical aspects .Thus Private as well as government SHGs should promote training related to entrepreneurship skills, managerial skills, marketing skills etc. and the present scenario paves a way for the overall upliftment of women in India http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 32 editor@iaeme.com
  7. A Study on Importance of Training Programmes and Its Impact on SHG Members with Special Reference to Pune City REFERENCES [1] A Report on Succcess and Failure of SHGs in India-Impediment and Paradigm of Success, 2008 Planning Commission Government of India. [2] Aasha Kapur Mehta, Amita Shah., Chronic Poverty in India: Incidence, Causes and Policies, World Development, Vol. 3, Great Britain, 2003 [3] Banerjee, A. and Duáo, E. 2009. The Experimental Approach to Development Economics. Annual Review of Economics 1, 151-178 [4] Heckman, J., Ichimura, H., and Todd, P. 1997. Matching as an Econometric Evaluation Estimator: Evidence from Evaluating a Job Training Programme. Review of Economic Studies 64, 605-654 [5] www.nabard.com [6] www.microfinancegateway.org [7] Manish Roy Tirkey and Dr. Enid Masih, Women Empowerment Through Self Help Groups A Study of Lucknow District). International Journal of Management, 4(2), 2013, pp. 169-175. [8] Dr. R. Khader Mohideen and S. Amirthavalli, Impact of Micro Finance Through Self Help Groups In Pudukottai District. International Journal of Management, 7(2), 2016, pp. 134 - 141. http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 33 editor@iaeme.com
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