8th Grade Reading Comprehension and Writing skills_01

8TH GRADE READING COMPREHENSION AND WRITING SKILLS ® N E W Y O R K Copyright © 2009 LearningExpress, LLC. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by LearningExpress, LLC, New York. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data 8th grade reading comprehension and writing skills. — 1st ed. p. cm. ISBN-13: 978-1-57685-711-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-57685-711-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Language arts (Middle school) I. LearningExpress (Organization) LB1631.A16 II. Title: Eighth grade reading comprehension and writing skills. 2009 428.0071`2—dc22 2009016509 Printed in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 First Edition ISBN 978-1-57685-711-3 For information on LearningExpress, other LearningExpress products, or bulk sales, please write to us at: 2 Rector Street 26th Floor New York, NY 10006 Or visit us at: www.learnatest.com Contents HOW TO USE THIS BOOK ix PRETEST 1 SECTION 1 LESSON 1 LESSON 2 LESSON 3 LESSON 4 LESSON 5 SECTION 2 LESSON 6 LESSON 7 LESSON 8 BUILDING A STRONG FOUNDATION 17 Becoming an Active Reader 19 Finding the Main Idea 25 Defining Vocabulary 31 Distinguishing between Fact and Opinion 39 Putting It All Together 47 STRUCTURE 53 The Parts of a Plot 55 Organizing Principles 63 Similarities and Differences: Comparison and Contrast 71 v –CONTENTS– LESSON 9 LESSON 10 LESSON 11 SECTION 3 LESSON 12 LESSON 13 LESSON 14 LESSON 15 LESSON 16 SECTION 4 LESSON 17 LESSON 18 LESSON 19 LESSON 20 LESSON 21 SECTION 5 LESSON 22 LESSON 23 LESSON 24 LESSON 25 LESSON 26 SECTION 6 LESSON 27 LESSON 28 Cause and Effect 79 Summaries and Outlines 87 Putting It All Together 95 LANGUAGE AND STYLE 103 Point of View 105 Word Choice 113 Style 119 Literary Devices 127 Putting It All Together 135 READING BETWEEN THE LINES 143 Finding an Implied Main Idea 145 Identifying an Author’s Purpose 153 Assuming Causes and Predicting Effects 159 Analyzing Characters 165 Putting It All Together 173 INTERPRETING NON-LITERARY SOURCES 181 Instructions 183 Advertisements 191 Graphs 199 Visual Aids 207 Putting It All Together 215 WRITING SKILLS 225 Prewriting 227 Organizing Ideas 235 vi –CONTENTS– LESSON 29 LESSON 30 LESSON 31 Writing with Focus and Clarity 243 Reviewing and Revising 251 Putting It All Together 259 POSTTEST 267 APPENDIX Suggested Reading for 8th Graders 285 vii ... - tailieumienphi.vn