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- Nhóm 8
Abandon: Ng ng làm gì ñó
They abandoned the match because of rain.
She abandoned hope of any reconciliation.
• abandoned
• abandonment
Accompany: ði cùng, ñi theo, h t ng
We accompanied her back to her hotel.
His wife accompanied him on the trip.
I must ask you to accompany me to the police station.
• accompaniment
• unaccompanied
Accumulation: (~amass, build up) S tích lu , s tích t , s góp nh t
Debts began to accumulate.: Các kho n n b t ñ u tích lũy
I seem to have accumulated a lot of books.
Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly
• accumulate
Ambiguous: ða nghĩa (mơ h )
An ambiguous statement
• ambiguity
• ambiguously
• unambiguous
• unambiguously
Appendix: Ph l c (ru t th a)
Full details are given in Appendix 3.
(He had to have his appendix out (= removed))
• append
Appreciate: Hi u rõ, nh n th c ñúng (các v n ñ , tình hu ng)
I appreciate that it is a difficult decision for you to make.
We didn't fully appreciate that he was seriously ill.
• appreciable
• appreciably
• appreciation
• unappreciated
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- Nhóm 8
Arbitrary: Chuyên quy n, ñ c ñoán, tuỳ ý, t ý
The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary.
He makes unpredictable, arbitrary decisions.
• arbitrarily
• arbitrariness
Automate: T ñ ng hóa
The entire manufacturing process has been automated.
The factory is now fully automated.
• automatic
• automatically
• automation
Bias: S thiên v , thành ki n
Some institutions still have a strong bias against women. (m t s t ch c…)
Employers must consider all candidates impartially and without bias.
• biased
Chart: ð th , bi u ñ
A weather chart / a sales chart
• uncharted
Clarify: Làm rõ
I hope this clarifies my position.
The law on drugs needs to be clarified.
Talking to someone has helped clarify my feelings.
• clarification
• clarity
Commodity: Hàng hóa
Rice, flour and other basic commodities
A drop in commodity prices
Crude oil is the world's most important commodity.
Complement: (n,v) B sung, b tr
This wine is the perfect complement to the meal.
The excellent menu is complemented by a good wine list.
The team needs players who complement each other.
• complementary
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- Nhóm 8
Conform: (~comply) Theo, làm theo, tuân theo
He refused to conform to the local customs.
The building does not conform with safety regulations.
• conformability
• conformable
• conformance
• conformation
• conformist
• conformity
• nonconformism
• Nonconformist
• nonconformist
• nonconformity
Contemporary: Cùng th i, hi n t i
He was contemporary with the dramatist Congreve.
We have no contemporary account of the battle (= written near the time that it
happened).
Contradiction: S mâu thu n, s trái l i
There is a clear contradiction between what she says and what she does.
There is a contradiction between the two sets of figures.
His public speeches are in direct contradiction to his personal lifestyle.
• contradict
• contradictory
Crucial: (~critical, essential) T i quan tr ng, chính y u, quy t ñ nh
Her work has been crucial to the project's success.
The next few weeks are going to be crucial.
Winning this contract is crucial to the success of the company.
He wasn't there at the crucial moment (= when he was needed most).
• crucially
Currency: Ti n t
Trading in foreign currencies
A single European currency
You'll need some cash in local currency but you can also use your credit card.
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- Nhóm 8
Denote: (~indicate): Bi u th , bi u l , ch ng t , ch rõ
A very high temperature often denotes a serious illness.
The colour red is used to denote passion or danger.
• denotation
• denotational
Detect: Khám phá ra, phát hi n ra
This special camera can detect bodies by their heat.
I thought I detected a smile in his eyes.
The tests are designed to detect the disease early.
• detectable
• detection
• detective
• detector
Deviation: S l ch l c, s chênh (s l c l i, s xa r i)
Sexual deviation
A deviation from the plan
Modern examples of this type of weaving showed little deviation from traditional
patterns.
• deviate
Displace: (~replace ) Thay th , (cho ra rìa)
Many of these workers will be displaced by modern technology.
Gradually (D n d n) factory workers have been displaced by machines.
(Around 10000 people have been displaced by the fighting)
• displacement
Dramatic: Thình lình, ñ t ng t gây b t ng , ng c nhiên
A dramatic change/improvement
The announcement had a dramatic effect on house prices.
• drama
• dramatically
• dramatist
• dramatization
• dramatize
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- Nhóm 8
Eventually: (after all) Sau cùng, cu i cùng
We all hope that an agreement can be reached eventually.
Our flight eventually left five hours late.
She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and eventually work for ‘The Times’.
• eventual
• eventuality
Exhibit: Trưng bày
She's exhibiting her roses at the local flower show.
Only one painting was exhibited in the artist's lifetime.
He exhibits regularly in local art galleries.
• exhibition
Exploit: Khai thác, khai phá, s d ng m t cách hi u q a (l m d ng, bóc l t)
She fully exploits the humour of her role in the play.
Teachers should be exploiting computers in education.
• exploitation
• exploiter
Fluctuate: (~vary) S bi n ñ ng, thay ñ i
Temperatures can fluctuate by as much as 10 degrees.
My weight fluctuated wildly depending on how much I ate.
My mood seems to fluctuate from day to day. (tâm tr ng tôi…)
The rate of inflation has been fluctuating around 4% for some time.
During the crisis, oil prices fluctuated between $20 and $40 a barrel. (Trong th i
kh ng ho ng…)
• fluctuation
Guideline: Nguyên t c ch ñ o, ñư ng l i ch ñ o (official)
The government has drawn up guidelines on the treatment of the mentally ill.
The EU has issued guidelines on appropriate levels of pay for part-time manual
workers.
Highlight: Làm n i b t, nêu b t, nh n m nh (không ph i highlight b ng m c)
The report highlights the major problems facing society today.
The report highlights the need for stricter regulations.
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- Nhóm 8
Implicit: Ti m n, ti m tàng, ng m
We interpreted his silence as implicit agreement.
Implicit in his speech was the assumption that they were guilty.
• implicitly
Induce (cause) Gây ra, ñem l i
Drugs which induce sleep
• induction
Inevitable:(~ unavoidable ) Không th tránh kh i, ch c ch n x y ra, t t y u
It was inevitable that his crime would be discovered.
A rise in the interest rates seems inevitable. (S tăng lãi su t…)
• inevitably
Infrastructure: Cơ s h t ng
Infrastructural development
The war has badly damaged the country's infrastructure.
• infrastructural
Inspection: S thanh tra, ki m tra (official) (=surveyor)
Fire officers carried out an inspection of the building.
The head went on a tour of inspection of all the classrooms.
• inspect
• inspector
Intense: N l c, quy t li t.
It was a period of intense activity.
Intense competition (Cư ng ñ c nh tranh)
• intensely
• intensification
• intensify
• intensity
• intensive
• intensively
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- Nhóm 8
Manipulate: V n d ng b ng tay, thao tác, ñi u khi n
She knows how to manipulate the press.
They managed to manipulate us into agreeing to help.
As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion. (Là m t chính tr gia…)
• manipulation
• manipulative
Minimise: (~minimize; >< maximize) Gi m ñ n m c t i thi u, t i thi u hóa
Airport staff are trying to minimize the inconvenience caused to passengers
Costs were minimized by using plastic instead of leather.
He always tried to minimize his own faults, while exaggerating those of others. (trong
khi phóng ñ i…)
• minimization
Nuclear: (thu c) H t nhân
A nuclear power station
The nuclear industry
Offset: Bù ñ p (làm cân b ng)
What expenses can you offset against tax?
Prices have risen in order to offset the increased cost of materials. (Giá tăng ñ bù ñ p
chi phí nguyên li u…)
He keeps his petrol receipts because petrol is one of the expenses that he can offset
against tax (= can show to the government as being a business cost, and so not pay
tax).
Paragraph: ðo n văn
Write a paragraph on each of the topics given below.
• paragraphing
Plus: C ng v i, thêm vào
Two plus five is seven.
Membership is 350 dollars per year plus tax.
The cost is £22, plus £1 for postage.
Practitioner: H c viên (th y thu c ñang hành ngh ; lu t sư ñang hành ngh )
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- Nhóm 8
Predominantly: Ph n l n, ch y u
A predominantly Asian community (C ng ñ ng ch y u Châu Á)
She works in a predominantly male environment. (Làm trong môi trư ng ch y u là
nam gi i)
• predominance
• predominant
• predominate
• predominately
Prospect: Tri n v ng, hi v ng (trong tương lai), kh năng
Is there any prospect of the weather improving?
He's hoping the course will improve his career prospects.
What are the prospects of promotion in this job?
• prospective
Radical: C p ti n, tiên ti n
Radical ideas: Ý tư ng c p ti n
Radical proposals: ð xu t c p ti n
• radically
Random: Ng u nhiên
You don't want some random dude telling you how to live your life.
A random selection
• randomly
• randomness
Reinforce: C ng c , kiên c thêm
To reinforce a view/feeling
Success in the talks will reinforce his reputation as an international statesman.
(Chính khách qu c t )
• reinforcement
Restore: Khôi ph c, hoàn l i, tu b
The painting was restored to its rightful owner.
Three wins in a row helped restore the team's confidence.
We hope to restore the garden to its former glory (= make it as beautiful as it used to
be).
• restoration
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- Nhóm 8
Revise: S a ñ i, xem xét l i
A revised edition of the book
I can see I will have to revise my opinions of his abilities now.
We may have to revise this figure upwards.
• revision
Schedule: L ch trình, th i h n
I have a very busy schedule today.
Will the work be completed on schedule (= at the expected time)?
The project was finished ahead of schedule (= earlier than planned).
Filming began on schedule (= at the planned time).
We're working to a tight schedule (= we have a lot of things to do in a short time).
• reschedule
• rescheduling
• scheduler
• unscheduled
Tense: Căng th ng
The students looked tense as they waited for their exam results.
She sounded tense and angry.
• tensely
• tenseness
• tension
Terminate: Ch m d t, k t thúc
His contract has been terminated.
Your contract of employment terminates in December.
The agreement was terminated immediately.
To end a journey/trip: This train terminates at London Victoria.
• terminal
• terminally
• termination
Theme: ð tài, ch ñ
North American literature is the main theme of this year's festival.
The naked male figure was always the central theme of Greek art.
The theme of loss runs through most of his novels.
• thematic
• thematically
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- Nhóm 8
Thereby: Do ñó, vì lí do ñó
The new dam will improve the water supply and thereby reduce hunger and disease.
Regular exercise strengthens the heart, thereby reducing the risk of heart attack.
(tend to = có xu hư ng)
Uniform: ð ng d ng, cùng ki u
To keep at a uniform temperature: gi m t nhi t ñ không ñ i
Uniform movement: chuy n ñ ng ñ u
Of uniform length: cùng m t chi u dài như nhau
• uniformity
• uniformly
Vehicle: Phương ti n
Are you the driver of this vehicle?
Art may be used as a vehicle for propaganda. (tuyên truy n)
Via: ði qua, theo ñư ng
To go to England via Gibraltar
We flew home via Dubai.
The train to Utrecht goes via Amsterdam.
Virtual: G n như hoàn toàn
He married a virtual stranger.
virtual monopoly: G n như ñ c quy n
• virtually
Visual: (thu c) th giác
I have a very good visual memory.
The photographs she takes are a visual record of her travels.
The film has some powerful visual effects.
• visualization
• visualize
• visually
Widespread: Ph bi n, r ng rãi
A widespread problem
The plan received widespread support throughout the country.
(throughout: Kh p, su t)
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