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- Nhóm 6
Abstract: Tr u tư ng
The research shows that pre-school children are capable of thinking in abstract terms.
• abstraction
• abstractly
Accurate: ðúng ñ n, chính xác
The police are trying to obtain a more accurate picture of crime levels.
• accuracy
• accurately
• inaccuracy
• inaccurate
• inaccurately
Acknowledge: Th a nh n
She refuses to acknowledge the need for reform.
I did not acknowledge that he had done anything wrong.
It is generally acknowledged to be true.
• acknowledgement
Aggregate: T ng s
Liverpool won 2-0 on aggregate (= in total).
The three smaller parties gained an aggregate of 25 per cent of the vote.
• aggregation
Allocate: Phân ph i, phân b
More resources are being allocated to the project.
Allocate somebody/something The project is being allocated more resources.
Allocate something (for something) A large sum has been allocated for buying new
books for the library.
Allocate something (to somebody/something) They intend to allocate more places to
mature students this year.
• allocation
Assign: Phân công
The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children.
The teacher assigned each of the children a different task.
• assignment
• reassign
• reassignment
• unassigned
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- Nhóm 6
Attach: ðính kèm, bao g m
She attached a photograph to her letter.
There were too many conditions attached to the deal.
• attached
• attachment
• unattached
Author: Tác gi
He is the author of three books on art.
• authorship
Bond: M i quan h , m i ràng bu c
A bond of friendship had been forged between them.
The agreement strengthened the bonds between the two countries.
• bonding
Brief: Ng n ng i, v n t t
Brief visit/meeting/conversationa… brief pause/silence…
Mozart's life was brief.
• brevity
• briefing
• briefly
Capable: (~skilled, competent) Có tài, có năng l c, có kh năng
She's a very capable teacher.
• capability
• capably
• incapable
Cite: Trích d n (quote)
He cited his heavy workload as the reason for his breakdown.
She cited a passage from the President's speech.
• citation
Cooperative: H p tác (adj)
Cooperative activity is essential to effective community work.
Employees will generally be more cooperative if their views are taken seriously.
• cooperate
• cooperation
• cooperatively
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- Nhóm 6
Discrimination: S phân bi t ñ i x
Discrimination against older workers
• discriminate
Display: (~exhibit ) Bày ra, trưng bày, phô trương (exhibition = cu c tri n lãm)
The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their work.
She displayed her bruises for all to see.
I have rarely seen her display any sign of emotion.
These statistics display a definite trend.
Diversity: ði u khác bi t l n
(~variety)
• diverse
• diversification
• diversify
Domain: Ph m vi, lãnh ñ a, lãnh th
The care of older people is being placed firmly within the domain of the family.
The Spice Islands were within the Spanish domains.
Edition: S b n in ra, l n xu t b n
The electronic edition of ‘The Guardian’
The story was in Tuesday's edition of ‘The New York Times’.
The article appeared in the evening edition of ‘The Mercury’.
• edit
• editor
• editorial
• editorship
• editorial
• editorial
Enhance: (~improve) Nâng cao, ñ b t, tăng cư ng, ñ cao
This is an opportunity to enhance the reputation of the company
The skilled use of make-up to enhance your best features
• enhanced
• enhancement
Estate: Tài s n
Her estate was left to her daughter.
He left estate valued at a million dollars.
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- Nhóm 6
Exceed: Tr i hơn, nhi u hơn (n i)
The price will not exceed £100.
His achievements have exceeded expectations.
Expert: Chuyên gia
Expert (at/in/on something) an expert in child psychology
Expert (at/in/on doing something) He's an expert at getting his own way.
• expertise
• expertly
Explicit: Rõ ràng.
He gave me very explicit directions on how to get there.
(~frank: th ng th n)
• explicitly
• explicitness
Federal: (thu c) liên bang
• federally
• federation
Fee: Phí
Does the bank charge a fee for setting up the account?
Flexible: Linh ho t, m m d o
You need to be more flexible and imaginative in your approach.
• flexibility
• flexibly
• inflexibility
• inflexible
• inflexibly
Furthermore: (~moreover) Hơn n a, v l i, ngoài ra
He said he had not discussed the matter with her. Furthermore, he had not even
contacted her.
Gender: Gi ng
In French the adjective must agree with the noun in number and gender.
Masculine gender: gi ng ñ c
Feminine gender: gi ng cái
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- Nhóm 6
Ignore: (~disregard, take no notice of) L ñi, ph t l
He ignored all the ‘No Smoking’ signs and lit up a cigarette.
If he tries to start an argument, just ignore him.
• ignorance
• ignorant
• ignorantly
Incentive: S khích l
Incentive (for/to somebody/something) (to do something)
There is no incentive for people to save fuel.
Incidence: T n su t
An area with a high incidence of crime
• incident
• incidentally
Incorporate: K t h p, sát nh p
The new car design incorporates all the latest safety features.
We have incorporated all the latest safety features into the design.
• incorporation
Index: M c l c
Look it up in the index.
Author and subject indexes are available on a library database.
Inhibit: Ngăn ch n, h n ch , ki m ch
A lack of oxygen may inhibit brain development in the unborn child.
Financial considerations are inhibiting access to higher education.
(The managing director's presence inhibited them from airing their problems.)
• inhibition
Initiate: (~set in motion) B t ñ u, kh i ñ ng
To initiate legal proceedings against somebody
The government has initiated a programme of economic reform.
The reforms were initiated by Gorbachev.
• initiation
• initiative
• initiator
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- Nhóm 6
Input: Cái cho vào, ñ u vào
Barley is one of the main inputs to the process of distillation.
Growing anything in this soil will require heavy inputs of nutrients.
I'd appreciate your input on this.
Instruct: (~direct, order) Ch d n
The letter instructed him to report to headquarters immediately.
• instruction
• instructive
• instructively
• instructor
Intelligent: Thông minh
• intelligence
• intelligently
• unintelligent
Interval: Kho ng th i gian ngh (gi a 2 s ki n)
The interval between major earthquakes might be 200 years.
He knocked on the door and after a brief interval it was opened.
Lecture: Bài di n thuy t, bài thuy t trình
To attend a series of lectures on Jane Austen
I know I should stop smoking—don't give me a lecture about it.
• lecturer
Migrate: (+to) (~emigrate): Di cư, di dân
Thousands were forced to migrate from rural to urban areas in search of work.
• migrant
• migration
• migratory
Minimum: T i thi u, nh nh t, ít nh t
What are your minimum requirements for the job?
The work was done with the minimum amount of effort.
• ministerial
• ministry
Ministry: B
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- Nhóm 6
Motive: C , lí do, ñ ng cơ
There seemed to be no motive for the murder.
I'm suspicious of his motives.
I have an ulterior motive in offering to help you.
• motivate
• motivated
• motivation
• motivational
• motivator
• motiveless
• unmotivated
Neutral: (~impartial, unbiased) Trung l p
Journalists are supposed to be politically neutral.
I didn't take my father's or my mother's side; I tried to remain neutral.
• neutrality
• neutralization
• neutralize
• neutrally
Nevertheless: (~nonetheless ) Tuy nhiên, tuy th mà
Our defeat was expected but it is disappointing nevertheless.
There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law. Nevertheless, it is
important that we try
The old system had its flaws, but nevertheless it was preferable to the new one.
Overseas: H i ngo i, ngoài nư c (adj)
Overseas development/markets/trade
Overseas students/visitors
Precede: X y ra trư c, t n t i trư c, ñi trư c
She preceded me in the job.
See the preceding chapter.
It had happened during the preceding year.
• precedence
• precedent
• unprecedented
• unprecedentedly
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- Nhóm 6
Presume: (~assume) Cho là, coi như là, ñoán ch ng
They are very expensive, I presume?
I presumed him to be her husband.
Little is known of the youngest son; it is presumed that he died young.
• presumably
• presumption
• presumptuous
Rational: (~ reasonable) Có lí, ph i l
There is no rational explanation for his actions.
• irrational
• irrationality
• irrationally
• rationalism
• rationality
• rationalization
• rationalize
• rationally
Recover: (n i, ngo i) H i ph c, bình ph c
He's still recovering from his operation.
It can take many years to recover from the death of a loved one.
The economy is at last beginning to recover.
• recoverable
• recovered
• recovery
Reveal: (~disclose) Ti t l , phát giác, ñ l , b c l
Details of the murder were revealed by the local paper.
The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.
• revealing
• revealingly
• revelation
Scope: ph m vi, t m xa (ki n th c)
Our powers are limited in scope.
These issues were outside the scope of the article.
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- Nhóm 6
Subsidy: Ti n tr c p
Agricultural subsidies
• subsidiary
• subsidization
• subsidize
Tape: Băng ghi âm
I lent her my Bob Marley tapes.
Trace: (~track down) Tìm, truy d u, truy tìm g c gác
We finally traced him to an address in Chicago.
I have been unable to trace the letter you mentioned.
She could trace her family tree back to the 16th century.
• traceable
Transform: (~convert) Thay ñ i, bi n ñ i hình thù, ñ nh d ng
The photochemical reactions transform the light into electrical impulses.
It was an event that would transform my life.
(completely change theo hư ng better)
• transformation
• transformational
Transport: S v n chuy n, v n t i
He can't drive so he has to rely on public transport.
Transport to and from the airport is included in the price.
• transportation
• transporter
Underlying: N m dư i, n dư i
The underlying assumption is that the amount of money available is limited.
Unemployment may be an underlying cause of the rising crime rate.
• underlie
Utilise: Dùng, s d ng (~make use of)
The Romans were the first to utilize concrete as a building material.
The resources at our disposal could have been better utilized.
Vitamin C helps the body utilize the iron present in your body.
• utility
• utilization
• utilize
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