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Chapter 9
Descriptive Research
Overview of Descriptive Research
Focused towards the present
– Gathering information and describing the current situation
– May or may not involve hypothesis testing Answers the question “What is?”
Many types of research fall within this classification
Types of Descriptive Research
Survey Developmental
– Longitudinal approach
– Cross-sectional approach
Case Study Correlational Normative
Observational (a.k.a. qualitative) Action
Causal-comparative (a.k.a. ex post facto)
Survey Research Methodology
Survey research is the most common type of descriptive research
Involves questioning techniques for data collection
– Survey methodology consists of asking questions of a (supposedly) representative sample of the desired population at a single point in time. The persons of whom the questions are asked are called survey respondents
– The most difficult part of conducting a survey is writing the questions
Census
A survey which obtains responses from the entire population is called a census
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