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Chapter 5: Testing vocabulary
Heaton, J.B. (1988). Writing English Language Tests. Longman
Testing vocabulary
I. Selection of items
II. Multiple choice items
III. Guidelines for constructing multiple choice items
IV. Sets (associated words) V. Matching items
VI. More objective items VII. Completion items
I. Selection of items
Tasks of a test constructor:
(1) to determine the degree to which concentrating on passive or active vocabulary
(2) to decide whether the items should be taken from spoken or written language
Lexical items selected from: (i) the syllabus,
(ii) Sts’ textbook, (iii) Ss’ reading materials, (iv) and lexical errors from their free written work
II. Multiple choice items (A)
Choose the word which is nearest in the meaning to the word in italics
(1) The stem is replaced by the picture. (2) The stem consists of a definition.
(3) The stem consists of a lexical item (choose the best synonym or definition)
(4) The stem consists of a sentence. (Vocabulary tested in context as the context giving specific meaning and relevance to a word a situation should be as linguistically valid as possible
II. Multiple choice items (B)
more difficult to construct than those in group A
too little context insufficient to establish any meaningful situation, but too much context many clues both grammatical and semantic
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