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- 132 DOG » ANATOMY
anatomical drawings after ellenberger,done,fromdissections
Dog (canid) characteristics: Anatomy is the same in various domestic FCU Flexor carpi ulnaris; FCU-HH Flexor carpi ulnaris, humeral head; FCU-UH
breeds and wild species—major difference is size and proportion Flexor carpi ulnaris, ulnarhead; FDP Flexor digitorum profundus; FDS Flexor digi-
torum superficialis; GasLa Gastrocnemius, lateral head; GasMe Gastrocnemius,
(Dachshund to Great Dane). Typically with elongated skull—snout long
medial head; GluMe Gluteus medius; GluSu Gluteus superficialis; Grac Gracilis;
and narrow (some domestic breeds have short muzzles). Large canines. Ilioc Iliocostalis; InAbO Internal abdominal oblique; Infra Infraspinatus; IntDC
Cheekteeth with sharp edges for shearing. Large, pointed ears—upright Intertransversarii dorsales caudae; Inter Interossei; IntVC Intertransversarii ven-
tralis caudae; LAOM Levator anguli ocuti medialis; LatDo Latissimus dorsi; LeNas
in all wild species and in many domestic breeds; hanging in some breeds.
Levator nasolabialis; LLaMx Levator labii maxillaris; Longl Longissimus; Malar
Deep chest (top to bottom); long, thin limbs. Five digits on front limb Malaris; Mass Masseter; Myloh Mylohyoid; Omotr Omotransversarius; OrLig
(thumb reduced), four on hind limb (big toe absent). Blunt, nonretractile Orbital ligament; OrOc Orbicularis oculi; OrOr Orbicularis oris; PecDe Pectoralis
claws. Walks on toes. Forearm does not rotate (pronate/supinate). Long, descendens; PecPr Pectoralis profundus; PecTr Pectoralis transversus; PerBr
Peroneus brevis; PerLo Peroneus longus; Pop Popliteus; PrTer Pronator teres;
bushy tail usually in wild species. Lives from the arctic to the tropics.
RAOL Retractor anguli oculi lateralis; RecAb Rectus abdominis; RecFe Rectus
femoris; Rhom Rhomboid; SacDL Sacrocaudalis dorsalis lateralis; SacLi
AbDl L Abductor digit! I longus; AbDiS Abductor digit! V; Adduc Adductor; Anc Sacrotuberal ligament; SacVL Sacrocaudalis ventralis lateralis; Sart Sartorius;
Anconeus; KT Achilles' tendon; Bicep Biceps brachii; BiFemDp Biceps femoris, ScalM Scalenus medius; SerDC Serratus dorsalis caudalis; SerVC Serratus ven-
deep head; BiFemSu Biceps femoris, superficial head; Brach Brachialis; Brcph tralis cervicis; SerVT Serratus ventralis thoracis; Smemb Semimembranosus; Spin
Brachiocephalicus; Brrad Brachioradialis; Bucc Buccinator, Canin Caninus; Clbra & Semsp Spinalis & semispinalis; Splen Splenius; Stcph Sternocephalicus; Stend
Cleidobrachialis; Clcer Cleidocervicalis; Coccy Coccygeus; DelAc Deltoid, acromial Semitendinosus; Sthy Sternohyoid; Stmas Sternomastoid; StOcc Sterno-occipi-
portion; DelSp Deltoid, spinal portion; Digas Digastric; ECR Extensor carpi rodi- talis; Stthy Sternothyroid; Supra Supraspinatus; TeMaj feres mo/or; TeMin Teres
alis; ECU Extensor carpi ulnaris; EDBr Extensor digitorum brevis; EDC Extensor minor; Temp Temporalis; TenFL Tensor fasciae tatae; TibCr Tibiatis cranialis; Trap
digitorum communis; EDLat Extensor digitorum tateralis; EDLon Extensor Trapezius; TriLa Triceps brachii, lateral head; TriLo Triceps brachii, long head;
digitorum longus; ExAbO External abdominal oblique; FCR Flexor carpi radialis; TriMe Triceps brachii, medial head; VasLa Vosfus lateralis; Zyg Zygomaticus.
- DOG > ANATOMY 133
DEEP MUSCLES
SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES
- 134 DOG > ANATOMY
MtDll Abductor digit! I longus; Bicep Biceps brachii; BiFem Biceps femoris; Omotransversarius; OrOc Orbicularis oculi; PecDe Pectoralis descendens; PecPr
Brach Brachialis; Brcph Brachiocephalicus; Brrad Brachioradialis; DelAc Deltoid, Pectoralis profundus; PecTr Pectoralis transversus; PerLo Peroneus longus; PLig
acromial portion; DelSp Deltoid, spinal portion; ECR Extensor carpi radialis; Patellar ligament; PrTer Pronator teres; RAOL Retractor anguli oculi lateralis;
ED1&2 Extensor digit! I & II; EDBr Extensor digitorum brevis; EDC Extensor digi- RecFe flertus femoris; Sart Sartorius; Stcph Sternocephalicus; Sthy Sternohyoid;
torum communis; EDLat Extensor digitorum tateralis; EDLon Extensor digitorum Stthy Stemothyroid; Supra Supraspinatus; Temp Temporalis; TibCr Tibialis era-
longus; FCR F/exor carp/ radialis; Grac Gracilis; LAOM Levator anguli oculi medi- malls; Trap Trapezius; TriLa Triceps brachii, lateral head; VasLa Vasfus lateralis;
alis; LeNas Levator nasolabialis; Malar Malaris; Mass Masseter; Omotr Zyg Zygomaticus.
- DOG > ANATOMY 135
AbDiS Abductor digiti V; Ant Anconeus; AT Achilles' tendon; Bleep Biceps brachii; IntDC Intertransversarii dorsales caudae; Inter Interossei; PerBr Peroneus brevis;
BiFemDp Biceps femoris, deep head; BiFemSu Biceps femoris, superficial head; PerLo Peroneus longus; SacDL Sacrocaudalis dorsalis lateralis; SacDM
Coccy Coccygeus; ECU Extensor carpi ulnaris; FCR Flexor carpi radialis; FCU-HH Sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis; SacLl Sacrotuberal ligament; Smemb
Flexor carpi ulnaris, humeral head; FCU—UH Flexor carpi ulnaris, ulnarhead; FDP Semimembranosus; Stend Semitendinosus; TriLa Triceps brachii, lateral head;
Flexor digitorum profundus; FDS Flexor digitorum superflcialis; Gastr TriLo Tr/ceps brachii, long head; TriMe Tr/ceps brachii, medial head.
Gastrocnemius; GluMe Gluteus medius; GluSu Gluteus superflciatis; Grac Gracilis;
- 136 DOG + ANATOMY
BiFemSu Biceps femoris, superficial head; Brcph Brachiocephalicus; Clcer RAOL Retractor anguli oculi lateralis; SacDL Sacrocaudalis dorsalis lateralis;
Cleidocervicalis; Coccy Coccygeus; DelSp Deltoid, spinal portion; GluMe Gluteus SacDM Sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis; SacLi Sacrotuberal ligament; Sart
medius; GluSu Gluteus superficialis; Ilioc Iliocostalis; Infra Infraspinatus; IntDC Sartorius; Stcph Sternocephalicus; StOcc Sterno-occipitalis; Temp Temporalis;
Intertransversarii dorsales caudae; LAOM Levator anguli oculi medialis; LatDo TenFL Tensor fasciae latae; Trap Trapezius; TriLo Triceps brachii, long head;
Latissimus dorsi; LeNas Levator nasolabialis; Longi Longissimus; Mult Multifldus; VasLa Vasfr/s lateralis; Zyg Zygomaticus.
Obtln Obturator internus; Omotr Omotransversarius; OrOc Orbicularis oculi;
- DOG + PHOTOGRAPHS 137
VISLA (FEMALE)
VISLA (FEMALE)
FRONT LIMBS
VISLA (FEMALE)
Can/5 familiaris
- 138 DOG > CROSS SECTIONS
drawing not to scale
cross section after done miller popesco
- DOG * CROSS SECTIONS 139
FORELIMB HIND LIMB
AbCrC Abductor cruris caudalis; AbDIS Abductor digit! V; Mduc Adductor; Bleep Myloh Mylohyoid; NuLig Nuchal ligament; OCCau Obliquus capitis caudalis;
Biceps brachii; Bi Fern Dp Biceps femoris, deep head', BiFemSu Biceps femoris, Omotr Omotransversarius; PecDe Pectoralis descendens; PecPr Pectoralis profun-
superficial head; Brach Brachialis; Brcph Brachiocephalicus; Brrad dus; Pert Pectineus; PecTr Pectoralis transversus; PerLo Peroneus longus; Pop
Brachioradialis; C2 Second cervical vertebra; C5 Fifth cervical vertebra; Clcer Popliteus; PrQd Pronator quadratus; PrTer Pronator teres; Rad Radius; RCDor
Cleidocervicalis; Clmas Cleidomastoid; Digas Digastric; ECR Extensor carpi radi- ffecfus cop/f/s dorsalis; RecAb tfecfus abdominis; RecFe ffech/s femoris; Rhom
alis; ECU Extensor carpi ulnaris; ED1&2 Extensor digit! I & II; EDC Extensor digito- Rhomboid; Sart Sartorius; ScalM Scalenus medius; SeDCr Serratus dorsalis era-
rum communis; EDLat Extensor digitorum lateralis; EDLon Extensor digitorum malls; Semsp Semispinalis; SerVC Serratus ventralis cervicis; SerVT Serratus ven-
longus; Esoph Esophagus; ExAbO External abdominal oblique; FCR F/exor carp/ tralis thoracis; Smemb Semimembranosus; Spin & Semsp Spinalis & semi-
radialis; FCU-HH Flexor carpi ulnaris, humeral head; FCU-UH Flexor carpi ulnaris, spinalis; Spin Spinalis; Splen Splenius; Stcph Sternocephalicus; Stend
ulnarhead; FDP Flexor digitorum profundus; FDS Flexor digitorum superficialis; Semitendinosus; Sthy Stemohyoid; Stmas Stemomastoid; StOcc Sterno-occipi-
Fern Femur; Fib Fibula; GasLa Gastrocnemius, lateral head; GasMe talis; Stthh Sternothyrohyoid; Stthy Sternothyroid; Subsc Subscapularis; Supin
Gastrocnemius, medial head; Grac Gracilis; Hum Humerus; Ilioc Iliocostalis; Supinator; SuprL Supraspinal ligament; T4 Fourt/J thoracic vertebra; TeMaj Feres
InAbO Internal abdominal oblique; Infra Infraspinatus; Intcs Intercostals; Inter mo/or; Temp Temporalis; TenFA Tensor fasciae antibrachii; Tib 77b/a; TibCa Tibialis
Interossei; Inttr Intertransversarii; JugV Jugular vein; L5 F7/W7 lumbar vertebra; caudalis; TibCr 77Wo//s cranialis; Trach Trachea; Trap Trapezius; TriAc Tr/ceps
LatDo Latissimus dorsi; LngCa Longus capitis; LngCo Longus colli; LonAt brachii, accessory head; TriLa Triceps brachii, lateral head; TriLo Triceps brachii,
Longissimus atlantis; LonCa Longissimus capitis; LonCe Longissimus cervicis; long head; TriMe fr/ceps brachii, medial head; TmAb Transversus abdominis; Uln
Longi Longissimus; Mass Masseter; Metcl F/rsf metacarpal; MetcS F//W? Wno; Vasln l/bsfus intermedius; VasLa Vosfws lateralis; VasMe Vasfus medialis;
metacarpal; Mett2 Second metatarsal; MettS F//W) metatarsat; Mult Multifldus; ZygAr Zygomatic arch.
- 140 CAN ID > PROPORTION
G E R M A N SHEPHERD
GREYHOUND
DACHSHUND
- CANID > PROPORTION 1^1
GRAY WOLF
COYOTE
RED FOX
- 142 LION > ANATOMY
anatomical drawing aftercrouch seull from specimen
Lion (feline) characteristics: Elongated skull. Proportion of skull External abdominal oblique; FCR Flexor carpi radialis; FCU Flexor carpi ulnaris;
varies—large in lion, jaguar, and tiger, small in cheetah and mountain FDBr Flexor digitorum brevis; FDP Flexor digitorum profundus; FDS Flexor digito-
rum superficial; FDS-UH Flexor digitorum superficialis, ulnarhead; GasLa
lion. Large canines, small incisors. Cheek teeth with sharp edges for
Gastrocnemius, lateral head; GasMe Gastrocnemius, medial head; GluMe Gluteus
shearing. Large temporalis and masseter muscles of skull to powerfully medius; GluSu Gluteus superficialis; Grac Gracilis; Ilioc Iliocostalis; InAbO
close jaw. Eyes shifted slightly forward for binocular vision. Constricted Internal abdominal oblique; Infra Infraspinatus; IntCa Intertransversarii caudae;
Inter Interossei; LAOM Levator anguli oculi medialis; LatDo Latissimus dorsi;
pupil is round in large cats, vertical in domestic cats (pupil is horizontal
LeNas Levator nasolabialis; LonCa Longissimus capitis; Longi Longissimus; Malar
in sheep and goats). Top edge of scapula usually higher than tips of tho- Malaris; Mass Masseter; Myloh Mylohyoid; Omotr Omotransversarius; OrLig
racic vertebrae. Five digits on front limb (thumb reduced); four digits on Orbital ligament; OrOc Orbicularis oculi; OrOr Orbicularis oris; PalLo Palmaris
hind limb (small vestigial big toe). Walks on toes. Sharp, curved, retrac- longus; PecPr Pectoralis profundus; PecTr Pectoralis transversus; PerBr Peroneus
brevis; PerLo Peroneus longus; Pop Popliteus; PrTer Pronator teres; RAOL
tile claws (which keeps them sharp—they don't walk on them). Forearm
Retractor anguli oculi lateralis; RecAb Rectus abdominis; RecFe Rectus femoris;
rotates (pronates/supinates). Hairy tail has bushy tip only in lion. Very Rhom Rhomboid; SacDL Sacrocaudalis dorsalis lateralis; SacDM Sacrocaudalis
flexible body. Can walk in crouched position, as when stalking prey. dorsalis medialis; SacVL Sacrocaudalis ventralis lateralis; Sart Sartorius; SeDCr
Serratus dorsalis craniatis; SerVC Serratus ventralis cervicis; SerVT Serratus ven-
tralis thoracis; Smemb Semimembranosus; Sol Soleus; Splen Splenius; Stcph
AbDIL Abductor digit! I longus; AbDiS Abductor digiti V; Adduc Adductor; Anc
Sternocephalicus; Stend Semitendinosus; Sthy Sternohyoid; Stmas
Anconeus; Bleep Biceps brachii; BiFem Biceps femoris; Brach Brachialis; Brcph
Sternomastoid; StOcc Sterno-occipitalis; Stthy Sternothyroid; Supra
Brachiocephalicus; Brrad Brachioradialis; Bucc Buccinator; Canin Caninus; Caudf
Supraspinatus; TeMaj feres major; TeMin feres minor; Temp Temporalis; TenFL
Caudofemoralis; Clmas Cleidomastoid; DelAc Deltoid, acromial portion; DelSp
Tensor fasciae latae; TlbCa Tibialis caudalis; TibCr Tibialis cranialis; Trach
Deltoid, spinal portion; Digas Digastric; DLaMn Depressor labii mandibularis;
Trachea; Trap Trapezius; TrILa Triceps brachii, lateral head; TriLo Triceps brachii,
ECR Extensor carpi radialis; ECRL Extensor carpi radialis longus; ED1&2 Extensor
long head; VasLa Vasfr/s lateralis; Zyg Zygomaticus.
digiti I & //; EDBr Extensor digitorum brevis; EDC Extensor digitorum communis;
EDLat Extensor digitorum lateralis; EDLon Extensor digitorum longus; ExAbO
nguon tai.lieu . vn
