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1/2010 GVHD: Th.s Nguyn Văn oài TK MBA
TRUNG I HC CÔNG NGHIP HÀ NI
KHOA IN
B MÔN THIT B IN
ÁN MÔN
THIT K MÁY IN
TÀI :
THIT K MÁY BIN ÁP IN LC BA PHA
250 KVA LÀM MÁT BNG KHÔNG KHÍ
GVHD : NGUYN VĂN OÀI NSVTH : N3 Điện1 K1
01/ 2010
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1/2010 GVHD: Th.s Nguyn Văn oài TK MBA
Mc lc
Chương 1: Tng Quan V Máy Bin Áp ....................................................................................................7
I.Khái Nim. ............................................................................................................................................7
II. Tiêu chun trong vic ch to máy bin áp. ....................................................................................7
III. Chn vt liu trong vic thit k ch to máy bin áp. .................................................................8
IV. Chn kt cu chính cho máy bin áp..............................................................................................9
1.Lõi thép và kt cu:.......................................................................................................................9
2. Dây qun...................................................................................................................................12
3. H thng làm mát.......................................................................................................................13
V. Mc ích, nhim v và yêu cu thit k.........................................................................................13
1.Nhim v kĩ thut:.......................................................................................................................13
2.Tính toán in t : .......................................................................................................................13
3. Thit k thi công.........................................................................................................................13
CHƯƠNG 2. TÍNH TOÁN KÍCH THƯC CH YU CA MÁY BIN ÁP........................................15
I. Các thông s kĩ thut ban u.....................................................................................................15
II. Ý nghĩa các thông s.................................................................................................................15
1/Tn hao ngn mch Pn................................................................................................................15
2/Tn hao không ti Po...................................................................................................................15
3/ in áp ngn mch Un...............................................................................................................16
4/ Dòng in không ti Io ...............................................................................................................16
III. Tính toán các tr s nh mc..................................................................................................17
1. Công sut mi pha máy bin áp ba pha......................................................................................17
2. Công sut mi tr MBA..............................................................................................................17
3. Các dòng in nh mc.............................................................................................................17
4. in áp pha...............................................................................................................................17
5. in áp th nghim dây qun : ..................................................................................................17
6. Kiu dây qun............................................................................................................................17
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1/2010 GVHD: Th.s Nguyn Văn oài TK MBA
IV. Chn vt liu tác dng..............................................................................................................17
1. Chn vt liu dn in...............................................................................................................18
2. Chn vt liu dn t ...................................................................................................................18
V. Chn kt cu mch t...................................................................................................................18
1. Chn dng mch t ....................................................................................................................18
2. c im t ng loi.....................................................................................................................18
3. Chn tit din tr thép................................................................................................................21
4. Ghép tr và gông.......................................................................................................................21
5. Cách phân b cun dây MBA theo hình dáng mch t ................................................................22
VI. Xác nh hình dáng ch yu MBA. .........................................................................................23
1. Chn thông s cơ bn cho máy bin áp......................................................................................23
2. Chn h s hình dáng β..............................................................................................................25
CHƯƠNG 3 : TÍNH TOÁN IÊN T......................................................................................................41
Tính toán dây quấn MBA:.......................................................................................................................41
I-Yeâu caàu chung ñoái vôùi daây quaán : ...................................................................................................41
1.Veà maët ñieän :..............................................................................................................................41
2.Veà maët cô hoïc :..........................................................................................................................41
3.Veà maët chòu nhieät :.....................................................................................................................41
II- Tính toaùn daây quaán haï aùp :............................................................................................................42
1.Soá voøng daây moät pha cuûa daây quaán haï aùp :................................................................................42
2.Ñieän aùp thöïc cuûa moãi voøng daây :................................................................................................42
3.Tieát dieän daây daãn sô boä haï aùp :..................................................................................................42
4.Cöôøng ñoä töø caûm thöïc trong truï saét :.........................................................................................43
III-Tính toaùn daây quaán cao aùp :..........................................................................................................48
1.Xaùc ñònh soá voøng daây cuûa daây quaán cao aùp öùng vôùi ñieän aùp ñònh möùc.......................................48
Ta coù :...........................................................................................................................................48
2.Soá voøng daây cuûa moät caáp ñieàu chænh ñieän aùp :...........................................................................48
3.Maät ñoä doøng ñieän sô boä :............................................................................................................49
4.Chieàu daøy caùch ñieän giöõa caùc lôùp :............................................................................................52
5.Xaùc ñònh kích thöôùc oáng caùch ñieän giöõa cao aùp vaø haï aùp :.........................................................52
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1/2010 GVHD: Th.s Nguyn Văn oài TK MBA
6.Beà daøy cuoän daây cao aùp :...........................................................................................................54
7.Ñöôøng kính trong cuûa daây quaán cao aùp :....................................................................................55
8.Ñöôøng kính ngoaøi cuûa daây cao aùp :............................................................................................55
9. Khoaûng caùch giöõa hai truï caïnh nhau :......................................................................................55
10. Beà maët laøm laïnh daây quaán cao aùp :.........................................................................................56
CHÖÔNG 4 : TÍNH TOAÙN NGAÉN MAÏCH............................................................................................57
I-Xaùc ñònh toån hao ngaén maïch :.....................................................................................................57
1.Troïng löôïng ñoàng cuûa cuoän daây quaán haï aùp :............................................................................57
2.Troïng löôïng ñoàng daây quaán cao aùp :..........................................................................................57
3.Troïng löôïmg ñoàng cuûa hai daây quaán cao aùp vaø haï aùp :..............................................................58
4.Toån hao ñoàng :...........................................................................................................................58
II-Xaùc ñònh toån hao phuï :....................................................................................................................59
1.Ñoái vôùi daây quaán hình chöõ nhaät :...............................................................................................59
2.Ñoái vôùi daây quaán tieát dieän troøn :................................................................................................60
III- Toån hao daây daãn ra :....................................................................................................................61
IV- Toån hao trong vaùch thuøng vaø caùc chi tieát kim loaïi khaùc :........................................................64
V-Xaùc ñònh ñieän aùp ngaén maïch :........................................................................................................65
VI-Tính löïc cô hoïc cuûa daây quaán maùy bieán aùp :...............................................................................67
CHÖÔNG 5 : TÍNH TOAÙN CUOÁI CUØNG HEÄ THOÁNG MAÏCH TÖØ VAØ HEÄ SOÁ KHOÂNG TAÛI CUÛA MAÙY BIEÁN AÙP..........................................................................................................................................77
I-Xaùc ñònh kích thöôùc cuï theå cuûa loõi saét :.........................................................................................77
II-Tính toaùn tham soá khoâng taûi cuûa maùy bieán aùp :..........................................................................85
III-Hieäu suaát maùy bieán aùp :.................................................................................................................88
CHÖÔNG 6 : TÍNH TOAÙN NHIEÄT CUÛA MAÙY BIEÁN AÙP...................................................................89
Tính toaùn nhieät qua töøng phaàn :.........................................................................................................89
I-Tính toaùn nhieät cuûa daây quaán haï aùp :.........................................................................................89
II-Tính toaùn nhieät daây quaán cao aùp :.............................................................................................91
CHÖÔNG 7 : ÑOÄ AN TOAØN VAØ TÍNH KINH TEÁ..............................................................................96
A-Ñoä an toaøn :......................................................................................................................................96
I-An toaøn khi xuaát xöôûng :.............................................................................................................96
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1/2010 GVHD: Th.s Nguyn Văn oài TK MBA
II-An toaøn khi vaän haønh : ..............................................................................................................97
B.Tính kinh teá :.....................................................................................................................................97
I-Xaùc ñònh toaøn boä troïng löôïng cuûa maùy bieán aùp :........................................................................98
C.ánh giá chung :..............................................................................................................................103
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