Tài liệu miễn phí Tổ chức sự kiện
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Before we describe the investigation process, we need to define the basic and fundamental concepts.
There are few agreed upon definitions in the area of digital forensic research, so we will clearly
state the definitions we are using, even the most basic ones. Digital data are data represented in a
numerical form. With modern computers, it is common for the data to be internally represented in
a binary encoding, but this is not a requirement. A digital object is a discrete collection of digital
data, such as a file, a hard disk sector, a network packet, a memory page, or a process....
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In addition to its numerical representation, digital data has a physical representation. For
example, the bits in a hard disk are magnetic impulses on platters that can be read with analog
sensors. Network wires contain electric signals that represent network packets and keyboard cables
contain electric signals that represent which keys were pressed. A computer converts the electric
signals to a digital representation. Digital photography and video are a digital representation of
the light associated with physical objects. Digital data can be stored on many mediums and each
has different properties that determine how long the data will reside. For example, data will reside
on a keyboard...
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Digital objects have characteristics, or unique features, based on their creator and function.
For example, the characteristics of a hard disk sector will be different when it is used to store
the contents of an ASCII text document versus a JPEG image. We can use the characteristics
to identify the data. The state of an object is the value of its characteristics. If a letter were
changed in an ASCII text document, then the object corresponding to the file would have a new
state. Similarly, the state of a running computer process changes every time data is written to its
memory....
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Sự kiện bao gồm lễ kỷ niệm thành lập công ty, sinh nhật sếp, đám cưới đồng nghiệp hoặc liên hoan cuối năm...Đó giống như những lễ hội đầy màu sắc và nhiệm vụ của bạn là làm sao để trở thành điểm sáng trong lễ hội đó. Bởi, ở đó tính cách và năng lực cũng như sự chuyên nghiệp và nhậy bén của bạn được bộc lộ rõ ràng nhất. Vì vậy, đây được xem là một cơ hội để bạn thể hiện bản thân và gây ấn tượng với sếp. Tuy nhiên, nó cũng là một thử...
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The web in recent years has experienced an explosion in the number of devices users employ to
access services. A single user may access a certain service using multiple devices. Most services
allow clients to access the service through a broker. The client is then forced to interact with
the service via this broker throughout the duration that it is using the service. If the broker
fails, the client is denied servicing till such time that the failed broker recovers. In the event
that this service is running on a fixed set of brokers the client, since it knows about this
set of brokers, could then...
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Cơ chế thông điệp giữa các lớp hay các đối
tượng
Có thể thông báo cho lớp khác biết được khi
một lớp có phát sinh điều gì đó
Publisher: lớp phát sinh sự kiện
Subscriber: lớp nhận hay xử lý khi sự kiện xảy
ra .
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A truly distributed service would allow a client to use services by connecting to a broker
nearest to the client’s geographical location. By having such local broker, a client does not
have to re-connect all the way back to the broker that it was last attached to. If the client is
not satisfied with the response times that it experiences or if the broker that it has connected
to fails, the client could very well choose to connect to some other local broker. Concentration
of clients from a specific location accessing a remote broker, leads to very poor bandwidth
utilization and affects latencies associated with other...
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Clients just specify the type of events that they are interested in, and the content
that the event should at least contain. Clients do not need to maintain an active presence
during the time these interesting events are taking place. Once it registers an interest it should
be able to recover the missed event from any of the broker nodes in the system. Removing
the restriction of clients reconnecting back to the same broker that it was last attached to
and the departure from the time-bound failure recovery model, leads to a situation where
brokers could be dynamically instantiated based on the concentration of clients...
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The system we are considering needs to support communications for 109 devices. The users
using these devices would be interested in peer-to-peer (P2P) style of communication, business-
to-business (B2B) interactions or a be part of a system comprising of agents where discoveries
are initiated for services from any of these devices. Finally, some of these devices could also
be used as part of a computation. The devices are thus part of a complex distributed system.
Communication in the system is through events, which are encapsulated within messages.
Events form the basis of our design and are the most fundamental units that entities need
to communicate with each...
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We believe that it is interesting to study the system and software architecture of
environments which integrate the evolving ideas of computational grids, distributed objects,
web services, peer-to-peer networks and message oriented middleware. Such peer-to-peer (P2P)
Grids should seamlessly integrate users to themselves and to resources which are also linked
to each other. We can abstract such environments as a distributed system of “clients” which
consist either of “users” or “resources” or proxies thereto. These clients must be linked together
in a flexible fault tolerant efficient high performance fashion. In this paper, we study the
messaging or event system – termed GES or the Grid Event Service...
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Messaging systems based on queuing include products such as Microsoft’s MSMQ [28]and
IBM’s MQSeries [29]. The queuing model with their store-and-forward mechanisms come into
play where the sender of the message expects someone to handle the message while imposing
asynchronous communication and guaranteed delivery constraints. A widely used standard
in messaging is the Message Passing Interface Standard (MPI) [21]. MPI is designed for
high performance on both massively parallel machines and workstation clusters. Messaging
systems based on the classical remote procedure calls include CORBA [35], Java RMI [32]
and DCOM [19]. In publish/subscribe systems the routing of messages from the publisher to
the subscriber is within the purview...
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We have built a “production” system and an advanced research prototype. The production
system uses the commercial Java Message Service (SonicMQ) and has been used very
successfully to build a synchronous collaboration environment applied to distance education.
The publish/subscribe mechanism is powerful but this comes at some performance cost
and so it is important that it satisfies the reasonably stringent constraints of synchronous
collaboration. We are not advocating replacing all messaging with such a mechanism – this
would be quite inappropriate for linking high performance devices such as nodes of a parallel
machine linked today by messaging systems like MPI or PVM. Rather we have recommended
using a...
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Here we study the architecture and characteristics of the broker network. We are using a
particular internal structure for the events (defined in XML but currently implemented as a
Java object). We assume a sophisticated matching of publishers and subscribers defined as
general topic objects (defined by an XML Schema that we have designed). However these
are not the central issues to be discussed here. Our study should be useful whether events
are defined and transported in Java/RMI or XML/SOAP or other mechanisms; it does not
depend on the details of matching publishers and subscribers. Rather, we are interested in the
capabilities needed in any implementation a...
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Clients in the system specify an interest in the type of events that they are interested in.
Some examples of interests specified by clients could be sports events or events sent to a
certain discussion group. It is the system, which computes the clients that should receive a
certain event. A particular event may thus be consumed by zero or more clients registered
with the system. Events have explicit or implicit information pertaining to the clients which
are interested in the event. In the former case we say that the destination list is internal to
the event, while in the latter case the destination list is...
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Events are continuously generated and consumed by clients within the system. Clients have
intermittent connection semantics. Clients can be present in the system for a certain duration
and be disconnected later on. Clients reconnect at a later time and receive events, which they
were supposed to receive in their past incarnations as well as events that they are supposed
to receive during their present incarnation. Clients issue/create events while in disconnected
mode, these events would be held in a local queue to be released to the system during a
reconnect.
Associated with every client is its profile, which keeps track of information pertinent to the
client. This includes...
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Tham khảo sách 'an event service to support grid computational environments', kinh doanh - tiếp thị, tổ chức sự kiện phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả
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In the light of changes to health and safety law, and the continuing development of
best practice by the event industry, the guide has been reviewed and revised. The
advice in this publication has been tried and tested and lays down a firm foundation
on which to organise health and safety at music events. Many of the chapters can
be applied to other types of event which, although not necessarily having a musical
theme, share some of the common characteristics of music events.
This publication will enable event organisers, local authorities, the emergency
services...
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This guide has been written in consultation with an event industry working group
and with the co-operation of a great many people. All contributors, including the
members of the working group, are listed at the back of the publication in the
Acknowledgements section. I am grateful to them for the time, knowledge and
expertise which was given freely and without which, this guide would not be
possible.
I would like to give particular thanks to Lorraine Miller-Patel, Senior Environmental
Health Officer, London Borough of Haringey, who had the unenviable task of
co-ordinating the work of this project. ...
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Models are an initial useful starting point and can assist in a more structured and ordered approach to the
planning of events. There is no one model which fits all. It is for the event organizer to perhaps select and
engage with a model he / she finds useful, and one which they can understand, share with their colleagues /
stakeholders and add to or detract from.
These models are not set in stone, they need to be reviewed, but they may well assist as a reference point. As
a visual representation of the key areas of the event planning...
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This toolkit is designed for people in the Gascoyne region who currently organise
festivals and events. Festivals and events are very important to the Region as they
showcase the unique aspects of the Region's culture and promote positive messages to
our visitors. They also contribute to local communities by providing opportunities for
economic growth and fostering community spirit.
Included in this toolkit are practical guides and resources to help plan, promote, and
stage a successful festival or event. As well as providing clear guidance on how to go
about each stage of the process, there are also...
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Planning is the most important part of running a successful event, and this means
starting well in advance. The best way to approach planning is to develop a detailed
management plan, which includes a timetable of what needs to be done and when.
Crucial elements of the planning for the event, such as fundraising, booking performers
and advertising need to happen well in advance of the date of your event so a timeline
schedule is essential.
Developing an Event Plan is critical to ensure your events success. The information
provided in this document is designed to...
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In this section you should provide a general overview of your event and be as specific
as possible about the activities you are proposing to conduct at the event.
When selecting the dates for your event it is a good idea to check whether there are any
other events already planned to avoid clashes in events. The timing of your event is
also important to consider. Try not to plan your event during known quite periods when
many people are out of town. Consider planning your event during the peak season to
increase your...
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However keen you are, it is highly unlikely that you can organise an event on your own -
you need a group. Groups often form around the desire to run a festival or event with
the celebration of a theme, art form or sport in mind. This usually starts off being an
informal grouping but as soon as the group starts to handle money then a formal
statement of roles and responsibilities and decision-making becomes necessary.
People volunteer for committee work for a wide variety of reasons but primarily they
become involved with an organisation or an event and...
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A site plan is a map of the event and is essential for event planning and management.
All key stakeholders can use it as part of the planning process, with consultation as to
its final layout. The site plan must be easy to interpret and be posted strategically
around the site for use by patrons. The site plan can be distributed for setting up the
event and is also invaluable in an emergency.
Use the checklist below to determine what must be shown on the site map. Use a
simple grid format and include surrounding streets and landmarks. Entrances,...
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If so, the development of a traffic management plan, application to your local
government authority, local Police and/or Main Roads Department, approval and
advertising may be essential well in advance of your event - at least three months prior
to the event. Check with your local government authority for the requirements in your
town.
On lodgment of the information, Council officers will inspect the area for the proposed
temporary street closure and advise the applicant if it is practical and safe to do so for
the purpose of conducting the event.
All costs...
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Agree that in consideration of and as a condition of acceptance of my participation in the Event, for
myself, my executors and administrators, hereby waive all and any claim, right or cause of action
against the Council which I or they might otherwise have, arising out of my injury or loss of any
description whatsoever which I may suffer or sustain in the course of or consequence upon my
participation or participation in the Event.
Understand that while participating in the Event, I agree to abide by any rules; participate with care
for other participants and members of the general...
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I, the undersigned Participant in the Event, also indemnify and will keep indemnified the Council
and its officers against all liability for death, injury, loss or damage to any person or the property of
any person howsoever caused arising out of my participation in the Event, or arising from the
reasonable directions given by the Council Officer during the Event.
I, the undersigned, also acknowledge that the Council Officer identified on this Agreement may
cause, by verbal or written notice, to cancel the Participant’s right to participate in this Event, if in
the opinion of the identified Council Officer, he/she...
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Governing bodies must deine events that require the highest levels of law enforcement attention to
security. For example, the Secretary of DHS, after consultation...
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Many special events are held on private property, with leadership shared among the venue owner/
private security and the local police and ire departments. Even when one law enforcement agency
clearly has the lead and provides most of the resources—a July 4th celebration in a city park, for
example—assistance from other law enforcement agencies may be needed (e.g., sherif’s oice for
prisoner transport, county police for standby tactical support).
Inter-agency Agreement. In multiple agency situations, a simple, straightforward memorandum
of understanding (MOU) or agreement (MOA) should be signed. It is critical to clarify the legal
authority of assisting...
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Subcommittees vary depending on the event, but 20 or more responsibility areas may be identiied,
including personnel resources; legal issues; communications; intelligence; ield operations/venue safety
and security; transportation/traic; tactical support; ire/EMS/hospital services; prisoner...
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