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English-language Literature Review
A study on French learning, with university students as participants, by Jones and Plass (2002) supported the proposition that simultaneous visual and auditory presentations can cause the modality effect, which lowers extraneous cognitive load and enhances learning performance. Another study about English learning, also with university students as participants, by Daio et al. (2007) revealed that double modes, such as sound and complete paragraph, and ...
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ACCESS for ELLs® Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking
However, double mode will also cause a redundancy effect. Diao and Sweller (2007) conducted a study with university students which demonstrated that text-only presentation mode was better than synchronised sound and text presentation mode, for both performance and cognitive load. This result supported the proposition that the redundancy effect occurs when sound is presented simultaneously with text, which is not beneficial to learning. However, this study did not take learners’ prior knowledge into account. A Chinese learning study, with high school...
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Focus on Classroom Teaching and Learning Strategies
The ubiquitous learning activity in the present study was held at the Taipei Zoo. The Taipei Zoo is one of the main Natural Science Education centres in Taiwan, where people can acquire knowledge about animals and nature. Since the topic of the learning activity was related to animals, it was more appropriate for learners to learn in the zoo. Learning in the zoo enabled learners to experience an experiential learning. With the...
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ESP TARGET SITUATION NEEDS ANALYSIS: THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIVE NEEDS AS PERCEIVED BY HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN THE RIYADH AREA
The independent variable in the present study was media presentation mode, being single mode (sound only) and double mode (sound and text). The dependent variables were learners’ English listening comprehension and cognitive load. There were two tests in the present study. The first test, for examining the participants' listening comprehension, was given immediately after concluding the ubiquitous learning activity. The second test was given to the ...
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Media presentation mode, English listening comprehension and cognitive load in ubiquitous learning environments: Modality effect or redundancy effect?
Two-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOV A) As shown in Table 8, for English listening comprehension, learners in the double mode group outperformed learners in the single mode group. For cognitive load, learners receiving single mode encountered a higher level than learners receiving double mode. As shown in Table 9, Wilk’s lambda showed a significant result, indicating that learners in both groups had significant differences in at least one dependent variable (English listening comprehension or cognitive load). The analysis of two-way MANCOVA, with covariance of English listening proficiency, showed ...
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Issues in Teaching Speaking Skills to Adult ESOL Learners
In the ubiquitous learning environment, learners in the single mode group encountered higher extraneous cognitive load due to the lack of text support. On the other hand, learners in the double mode group had lower extraneous cognitive load because they received support from text. Some learners learning with double mode needed only to overcome intrinsic cognitive load from the material itself. Hence, learners learning with...
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ENGLISH SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS: USING MUSIC TO ENHANCE THE LISTENING ABILITIES OF GRADE ONES
These adult ESOL learners may reside in the United States perma- nently, or in some cases for indefi nite but long periods of time (in contrast to international university students who are typically expected to return to their home countries). Also included here are the adult children of these immigrants and refugees—children who arrived in the United States late enough in life that their own spoken English is noticeably nonnative and not their dominant language. 2 The vast majority of second-language acquisition research has been done with elementary and secondary school children or with university- based adult learners with generally high levels of...
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Working with Young Children who are Learning English as a New Language
What do we know about the demographics of this diverse population? In 1990, Buchanan estimated that there were approximately 30 million peo- ple in the United States whose native language was not English. In 1998, Cheng said that there were 8 million immigrants from Southeast Asia alone. The 2000 United States census (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2003) reports a total of more than 31 million foreign-born individuals. More than half (51.7%) are from Latin America and more than one fourth (26.4%) are from Asia. The rest were born in Europe (15.8%), Africa (2.8%), Oceania (0.5%), and Northern America (2.7%). These...
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California’s Common Core State Standards
The 2000 census also documents the languages spoken at home by members of the population who were 5 years old and older. Whereas 82.1% (more than 215 million people) report speaking only English at home, 17.9% (nearly 47 million people) report speaking a language other than English at home. Of these, more than 21 million people (8.1% of the total U.S. population over the age of 5) report that they “speak English less than ‘very well’” (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2003).
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ELSA Listening and Reading Practice Test 1
It is diffi cult to estimate the number of adult ESOL students in the United States because many are highly mobile and some are undocu- mented. According to the National Center for ESL Literacy Education, “The most recent statistics from the U.S. Department of Education, Offi ce of Vocational and Adult Education, show that 1,119,589 learners were enrolled in federally funded, state-administered adult ESL classes. This represents 42% of the enrollment in federally funded, state-administered adult education classes” (Florez, personal communication, 2001). Flo- rez adds, however, that this number does not address the many students who are enrolled in programs...
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Tips for turning everyday activities into learning activities
Given the diversity of the adult ESOL population, these learners clearly have varying needs for English language use (Weddel & Van Duzer, 1997), specifi cally in terms of their oral communication. The Equipped for the Future (EFF) initiative asked adult learners across the United States to respond to Goal 6 of the National Education Goals: “By the year 2000, every adult American will be literate and will possess the knowledge and skills necessary to compete in a global economy and exercise the rights and responsibilities of citizenship” (Merrifi eld, 2000, p. 4). More than 1,000 adult learners,...
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English Listening and Speaking
These four purposes provide a framework for describing the oral com- munication needs of adult ESOL learners. First, adult ESOL learners need access to information and resources. For example, the needs of newly arrived immigrants and refugees include obtaining housing, medical care, and sustenance. They must also develop the speaking skills to fi nd work and subsequently to carry out the responsibilities of their employment. All of these access-oriented needs require spoken English. Numerous social needs for spoken English are related to the EFF cat- egories of voice and action. These include adult ESOL learners being able to communicate with their employers...
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TEACHING ENGLISH USING INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES
A pre-course questionnaire shows that many of the students who enrolled in this elective class are eager to improve their overall English ability, especially listening and speaking, and some of them are planning to study abroad in the near future. Furthermore, according to the questionnaire, many of the students expressed their preference of learning listening to reading and writing, though they acknowledged listening is the skill most difficult to master. Listening is essential not only as a receptive skill but also to the development of spoken language proficiency (Rost cited in Nunan and Miller, 1995), and my own experience as...
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Multiple Intelligences revisited
In the beginning of the course in April, I carried out my listening instruction by teaching vocabulary and grammar with repeated CD listening, focusing on listening to key- words. Then, after an actual TOEFL ITP test was conducted inside the school in June, my students’ negative reaction against the test led me to attempt new strategies applying conversational analysis to the study of TOEFL listening. A post-examination survey filled out after the actual TOEFL showed that students were overwhelmed by the difficulty and time length of the test. In particular, they expressed difficulty with dialogues in Part A, which contain speaker’s...
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GRAMMAR, SPEAKING AND LISTENING ACTIVITIES FOR PRIMARY & SECONDARY SCHOOL ENGLISH LANGUAGE STUDENTS IN TANZANIA TEACHER'S BOOK
In addition, the fact that there have been few studies investigating the efficacy of conversational implicature to enhance Japanese high school students’ communicative competence was another cause for me to start this research. Though some experimental studies have been done (see Bouton,1992; Broersma, 1994; Kubota, 1995; and Taguchi, 2007), the subjects of their research were university students and immigrants. Few people seem to have examined students’ development of communicative ability in Japanese high school. This paper will attempt to investigate possible strategies in current secondary education in Japan in light of the following research questions: 1) Is strategy instruction applying...
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Focus on literacy: Talking and listening
In language learning, the use of strategies “has been observed to produce a positive effect on student achievement” (Flaitz & Feiten, 1996, pp.211). The term learner strategies refers to “language learning behaviors learners actually engage in to learn and regulate the learning of a second language” (Wenden, 1987, p.6), and also refers to what learners know about the strategies they use and what they know about other aspects of their language learning (Wenden, 1987). According to Rubin’s classification of three kinds of strategies used by language learners, learning strategies directly contribute to the development of the language system which the...
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The Role of Gestures and Facial Cues in Second Language Listening Comprehension
The model of learning strategies of O’Malley et al. (cited in O’Malley & Chamot, 1990) seems useful to describe the strategy instruction in the present research. Since the teaching of the concepts of conversational implicature and adjacency pairs proposed in my paper can be the application of unwritten “rules” used commonly in society, the strategy instruction applying these rules may represent deducing or deductive strategy (applying rules to the understanding of language) in the sub-category of cognitive strategies presented in this model (O’Malley & Chamot, 1990). In deductive strategies, deduction is able to be made by schemata based on rules,...
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Supporting English Language Learners A practical guide for Ontario educators
Your host country requested an English education project to improve opportunities for future development. English language skills provide access to information and technology from around the world. While your students are learning English, they also have an opportunity to stretch their minds in new ways. Through communicative activities, they have their ideas challenged and they are exposed to an active style of learning. And working with enthusiastic Peace Corps Volunteers like yourself, students and teachers raise their aspirations and ideas of what is possible to achieve. As educators, we believe that one of the greatest obstacles...
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Study Circle on Teaching Listening, Speaking, and Pronunciation
It may have already occurred to you that this toughest job you'll ever love seems almost impossible. Look at some of the obstacles you may be facing. Your students are numerous; many may be older than you. Textbooks are scarce, and again, many may be older than you. The physical conditions are austere, with a tin roof that creaks as the temperature rises and obliterates all other sound when the rains come. Pictures and posters disappear from the classroom walls. Desks are too few. The blackboard has been worn to a light grey and chalk stubs are...
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Learning to Listen Learning to Help Understanding Woman Abuse and its Effects on Children
But large numbers of education Volunteers have enjoyed the challenge of making the impossible possible. They've developed coping strategies and ways of teaching effectively in very large classes. This book brings you some of those strategies in the hope that they will be of use to you. We have included practical, obvious, and bold suggestions that have been made by Volunteers Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) in well-established programs such as in francophone Gabon, or Teaching English as a Second Language (TESL) in newer projects such as Namibia. The language learning and teaching theory you...
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Guidance for public authorities on consulting and involving children and young people
During pre-service training you may have been given a TEFL or TESL handbook developed by the staff in the country to which you have been posted. Or you may have a copy of the Peace Corps ICE manual, TEFL/TESL: Teaching English as a Foreign or Second Language (Whole Ice Catalog No. M 41). Look through these manuals occasionally. Some of the activities you never really noticed before in the frenzy of training might be just what you are looking for. Do you read your copy of English Teaching Forum, the magazine put out for teachers of English by the United...
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Listen to Me! Children’s Experience of Domestic Violence
The National Conference is emerging as a modern African form of government restructuring. It is closely modeled on village consensus politics. Under the silk cotton tree in the center of the village, every Elder in turn takes the Word and has his say. Each Elder carefully repeats the points he agrees with from previous speeches, then adds certain aspects that will be taken up and repeated in their turn. So finally the Chief interprets consensus. This is the decision of the village... It is slow but it works. Robert Lacville Guardian Weekly, October 27, 1991 At a recent...
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Effective Listening and Notetaking
American educators advocate an ideal of close, friendly relationships between teachers and students. But this ideal is not necessarily shared by the majority of your counterparts. Many of these teachers put the highest priority on respect. This is not to say that they discount friendship with their students, but it has to be a friendship built on a respect which acknowledges the teacher's authority. Does this mean keeping a distance from your students? Not necessarily. What it does mean is knowing the range of behavior that is acceptable and appropriate for your position as a teacher in daily contact...
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Improving High School English Language Learners’ Second Language Listening Through Strategy Instruction
Another cultural difference frequently remarked on by Volunteers is amount of time spent in staff meetings. A former Volunteer in Ghana who later returned to Africa as a Peace Corps staff member, reminisced about his teaching days, saying: When I was in Ghana, I would rather have hat my tongue nailed to a tree than sit through any more staff meetings. Though I've come to realize that these meetings aren't inefficient or indecisive. What seemed to me repetitious and pointless was a finely tuned communication machine in action... It would have been impolite not to let everyone have his...
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Phương pháp để nghe Tiếng Anh hiệu quả nhất
Tham khảo tài liệu 'phương pháp để nghe tiếng anh hiệu quả nhất', ngoại ngữ, kỹ năng nghe tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả
8/30/2018 3:16:25 AM +00:00
Cac bước nghe tôt VOA-special English
B c ướ 1: Ở lượt nghe đầu tiên, bạn hãy nhắm mắt lại, tập trung hết sức vào bản tin đó. Hãy nghe xem bản tin đó nói về vấn đề gì. Đừng lo nếu bạn không nghe thấy hết. Nhớ là ở lượt nghe này, chúng ta đang xem “vấn đề gì đang được đề cập tới”. Bạn sẽ chỉ cần nghe vài từ là có thể biết được nó đang đề cập đến kinh tế, chính trị, hay văn hoá, và cụ thể đó là vấn đề gì. Hãy thử xem, đơn giản hơn bạn nghĩ nhiều. Bước 2: Hãy chuẩn bị...
8/30/2018 3:12:42 AM +00:00
PHƯƠNG PHÁP NGHE – NHÌN
Phương pháp nghe – nhìn hay còn có tên gọi Audio – Lingual Method hay Army Method là một phương pháp dạy ngoại ngữ được ra đời ở Mỹ vào những năm 50 và 60 của thế kỉ XX, thường được viết tắt là ALM. Có thể nói ALM là một sản phẩm của lịch sử do hoàn cảnh lúc này, trong và sau chiến tranh thế giới thứ II, nhu cầu hiểu ngôn ngữ của các nước đồng minh cũng như của kẻ thù vô cùng bức thiết, cần có một phương pháp để có thể giúp cho binh lính, sĩ quan,…Mỹ nhanh chóng nắm...
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Academic listening encounters life iin society
Academic Listening Encounters: Life in Society develops students’ listening and note-taking skills using a variety of recorded materials, including both informal interviews and formal classroom lectures. These engaging materials introduce students to stimulating topics in sociology, such as peer pressure, gender roles, and the influence of the media. They also provide plentiful opportunities for speaking and discussion activities. An Audio CD with the lecture portion of the audio program is included with the book to provide extra listening practice. The complete class audio program is available for purchase separately, on three Audio CDs or Audio Cassettes. The Academic Encounters series is...
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TEST 1 I. Pronunciation
Tham khảo tài liệu 'test 1 i. pronunciation', ngoại ngữ, kỹ năng nghe tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả
8/30/2018 2:35:56 AM +00:00
Nobuna.com - Luyện kỹ năng nghe tiếng Anh qua video clip
Cách thức dạy học của Nobuna là cung cấp cho bạn các đoạn video clip lấy từ các tình huống thực tế, kèm theo phụ đề đã bị ẩn đi nhiều từ. Nhiệm vụ của bạn là nghe thật kỹ lời thoại trong video clip rồi lấp vào chỗ trống những từ còn thiếu trong phụ đề. Khi rèn luyện thường xuyên với các bài tập dạng này, kỹ năng nghe và viết tiếng Anh của bạn sẽ được cải thiện. Các video clip trên Nobuna được lấy từ YouTube thuộc mọi thể loại như trailer phim, game hay các...
8/30/2018 2:35:46 AM +00:00