Tài liệu miễn phí Quy hoạch - Đô thị
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Fat City: Questioning the Relationship Between Urban Sprawl and Obesity
Eco-effi ciency basically means “doing more with less”. It is a management philosophy that encourages municipalities, communities and businesses to seek out environmental improvements that generate parallel economic benefi ts. 1 Social inclusiveness refers to treating all people in a city equally in their access to work and services, such as public transport and health care. “Inclusive” generally refers to planning and decision-making processes that include a broad range of people from across a city, ranging from experts to ordinary residents, with the aim of considering their inputs and reaching mutual agreement. ...
8/30/2018 3:31:43 AM +00:00
Fit-City 2: Promoting Physical Activity through Design
his plan sets the course toward realizing a healthy, prosperous, and resilient future for our city. It calls on us all to rise to the challenge of transforming our community to create a better life for future generations. As with other cities around the world, Vancouver faces challenges that call for decisive action and innovation, and every resident and business will play a crucial role in helping us, as a community, to reach our goals. A growing population, climate uncertainty, rising fossil fuel prices, and shiting economic opportunities are just some of the challenges that now call on...
8/30/2018 3:31:43 AM +00:00
Sustainable Urban Development and the Chinese Eco-City
Today, Vancouver has the smallest per capita carbon footprint of any city in North America. We have been able to achieve this in collaboration with our energy utility providers, senior levels of government, and innovators in the business and non-proit sectors who see new opportunity in responding to this challenge. Because of these achievements, Vancouver is quickly becoming a new green economy hub. Vancouverites have consistently made choices that have turned our home into one of the world’s most livable cities. here’s much to love about Vancouver, from magniicent natural surroundings to strong environmental values, from a diverse cultural mix...
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MAKING CITIES SADER: ACTION BRIEFS FOR MUNICIPAL STAKEHOLDERS
why are we working towards becoming the Greenest City and why now? Vancouver residents have an ecological footprint three times larger than the Earth can sustain. he decisions we make every day about how we move around the city, what we buy or eat, and how we deal with our waste means that we currently use far more than our fair share of the Earth’s resources. Fortunately, there are many solutions that address climate change and other environmental challenges while creating green jobs, strengthening our community, increasing the livability of our city and improving the well-being of our citizens. In...
8/30/2018 3:31:43 AM +00:00
Global Age-friendly Cities: A Guide
During the development of the GCAP, many people gave their time and ideas. More than 35,000 people from around the world participated in the process online, through social media, and in face-to-face workshops or events. More than 9,500 people, most of whom lived in Vancouver, actively added their ideas, insights, and feedback to help determine the best path to achieve this plan. Participants oten asked how they could begin to take these ideas and make them real in their own backyards, in their neighbourhoods, and in their businesses. With over 60 City staf, more than 120 organizations, and...
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The Green City Guidelines
he race to become the Greenest City in the world is both a friendly and ierce competition. It’s friendly because when one city succeeds, we all beneit from the shared knowledge and improved health of our planet, as well as the new opportunities that emerge in the green economy. he race is a ierce one because the stakes are so high. In fact, the kind of change needed for all of us to thrive in healthy and prosperous communities requires a world full of Greenest Cities. here are four key ingredients required for us to succeed: vision, leadership, action, and...
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GREENEST CITY 2020 ACTION PLAN
Leadership is required from City staf and elected oicials, from organizations operating in diverse sectors across the city, and from Vancouver residents—many of whom have already contributed to the development of this plan. he City will need to lead the way in its own operations as well, demonstrating what a Greenest City looks like in City-run buildings, facilities, and operations. Leadership from other levels of government and other public sector agencies will also be critical to our success. Action A plan like this is only useful when it is acted upon. he GCAP gives clear targets to work towards, with...
8/30/2018 3:31:43 AM +00:00
Guidelines for developing eco-efficient and socially inclusive infrastructure
Vancouver’s green economy is growing more than twice as fast as traditional sectors. he green economy includes jobs in clean technology and products, green building design and construction, sustainability consulting and education, recycling and composting, local food, green transportation, and much, much more. Green jobs can be found across traditional and new industry sectors. For example, many of the resource-based companies headquartered in Vancouver have sustainability departments, which have created green jobs, as have energy and environment groups at Vancouver’s more progressive inancial institutions and telecommunications companies. Vancouver’s emerging eco-fashion innovators are inding ways to use sustainably produced fabrics and...
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Hallmarks of a sustainable city
The world’s climate is changing. The scientific evidence is incontrovertible: most of this change is due to human activity, and the process is speeding up as more and more carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases are pumped into the atmosphere. The next 10 years are critical. Carbon dioxide emissions must be cut rapidly. If they are, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we may limit the rise in global temperatures to two degrees centigrade. But if we continue on regardless – and towns and cities contribute up to half of all emissions – the rise could be up to six degrees centigrade. This could trigger...
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A Companion to the City Edited by Gary Bridge and Sophie Watson..
Lettuce or chard can be seeded around an early crop like peas, to fill in when the peas die out in early summer heat. Tomatoes can go in where you harvested the spring greens. Fall greens like kale can be started around corn or tomatoes. Young greens like lettuce can be sown thickly, then cut as they grow to thin them and allow space for larger plants to mature. Radishes will fit in anywhere for a quick harvest. thinning and spacing plants Follow the spacing directions on the seed packet. After seeds sprout and have a few leaves, thin (remove) seedlings to...
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Growing food in the city
building raised beds. Raised beds have soil a few inches or more higher than the surrounding area, which provides extra rooting depth, and helps the soil drain and warm up in the spring. They’re typically 3 to 4 feet wide, with mulched paths in between, so you walk on the paths and don’t compact the soil in planting areas. Raised bed sides can be made with reused lumber, broken concrete or concrete blocks, recycled plastic lum- ber, or any non-toxic material. (Don’t use treated wood.) You can also make raised beds without sides. Dig a few inches of soil out of...
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CONSUMER CITY
It’s importan to choose varieties of plants that are well-adapted to our cool wet springs and resistant to common pests and diseases. It’s also important to plant at the right time, when the soil is warm enough and allowing enough time to grow to harvest size. Read seed catalogs, talk to other garden- ers, and see Gardening for Good Nutrition and The Maritime Northwest Garden Guide. choosing seeds or starts. Seeds need soil warm enough to sprout - typically at least 50-60º. You can wait until the soil warms in May (see Calendar on back page), or use meth ods to warm it sooner in...
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CITY OF ARLINGTON, TEXAS, ET AL. v. FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION ET AL.
Reducing Poverty and Improving the Environment and Citizen Health in Brazil Favelas (slums) are a primary feature of urban development in Brazil. These informal settlements often occupy environmentally precarious areas such as steep hillsides and riverbanks, and usually lack key infrastructure, in particular sanitation and sewerage systems. This has resulted in increased rates of disease and mortality. Brazil has, however, made significant steps in addressing the problems which beset the favelas. The Municipality of Goiânia’s “Fora de Risco” (Out of Risk) Project was driven by three motivating fac- tors: poverty reduction, environmental improve- ment and citizen health. Most of Goiânia slum settlements are located...
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TIMBER IN THE CITY
The Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) is pleased to announce TIMBER IN THE CITY: Urban Habitats Competition for the 2012-2013 academic year. The competition is a partnership between the Binational Softwood Lumber Council (BSLC), the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) and the School of Constructed Environments at Parsons The New School for Design (SCE). The program is intended to engage students and recent graduates, working individually or in teams to imagine the repurposing of our existing cities with buildings that are made from renewable resources, offer expedient affordable construction, innovate with new and old wooden materials, and...
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Building the World’s Most Sustainable City
It is now more than 12 years since the publication of William J. Wilson and Robert Aponte’s (1985) survey of urban poverty in the United States. That report still stands alone as an effort to produce “a state of the art review of research and theoretical writing on urban poverty” (Wilson and Aponte, 1985). However, in the intervening years, there has been much work on and even more debate about the nature and causes of poverty in U.S. inner cities. Much of the contribution, indeed, may be attributed to Wilson, who has sparked a new round of work in the field. At the same time, there...
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Measuring the Effects of the September 11 Attack on New York City
Since President Lyndon Johnson’s declaration of War on Poverty and the passage of the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, optimism that had surrounded those measures has faded. The economic, fiscal, and social conditions of the old central cities have declined, while their inner-ghetto areas have become zones of calamity. Their residents are not only living in poverty, but they must also contend with levels of drug use and violence that, although currently in decline, would have seemed inconceivable in the early 1960s. Even though the march of urban decline was evident then in abandonment and crime, there was optimism that the vast productivity of the U.S. economy,...
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Banking Crisis: reforming corporate governance and pay in the City
In 1997, both the underlying confidence and optimism are hard to sustain. The War on Poverty and its successor programs seem to have made little impact on those populations that are at the lowest economic levels in U.S. society. If anything, the widening income distribution and the curbing of governmental expenditures for these groups have left them worse off. Yet one result of the efforts to address poverty in the intervening years has been the growth of well-articulated theoretical notions coupled with serious efforts to ground these ideas in empirical analysis. Much of the work does not specifically speak to urban poverty or the conditions of life...
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NPNF1-02. St. Augustin's City of God and Christian Doctrine
Concurrently, shifting political attitudes and disillusionment with the policies that have been tried are giving rise to a new surge of debate and reform. Most visible in the 1990s is the effort to reform the welfare system to increase work incentives and to limit its use as a long-term source of support for able-bodied adults, even when they have small chil- dren. Behind this policy change has been a decade-long ideological debate about the nature and causes of poverty, pitting conservatives against liberals. This article does not describe that debate, except where directly necessary. Rather, we concentrate on research about poverty and its relation to the conditions...
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Catalyzing Collaboration: Seven New York City Libraries
Research on poverty in the United States tends to look at the large picture, using national databases to provide information for Federal policymakers. As a result, its conclusions generally argue that the poor are not much different from the rest of the population. They have less money, but their poverty status will usually not be permanent as their life circumstances change ( Sawhill, 1988; Levy and Murnane, 1992). While these statements may be true as a broad generalization, the experience of the inner cities suggests that the story in the ghettos is very different. Their inhabitants find it much harder to move out of poverty, their incomes...
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Boston Cyclist Safety Report 2013
Whatever the debate about its nature and causes, almost all observers would agree that inner-city poverty is multidimensional, extraordinarily complex, and difficult to under- stand. Various disciplines and policy frameworks give rise to very different notions of poverty and of its sources. To economists, it is an issue of labor markets, productivity, incentives, human capital, and choice. Sociologists and anthropologists tend to emphasize social status and relations, behavior, and culture. For social psychologists, the issues may include self-image, group membership, and attitudes. For political scientists, the questions may focus on group power and access to collective resources. City planners and urbanists see the effects of urban structure, isolation,...
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Sustainability in Kansas City where we are and where we’re going
We have chosen to synthesize these insights through a set of eight hypotheses that seems to capture the main elements of the diverse views of urban poverty. The hypotheses are driven by four underlying themes of urban poverty that occur repeatedly across the mul- tiple literatures on the subject of poverty. These themes are economic structure, popula- tion characteristics, societal institutions, and location. 1 Although the themes are reflected in our hypotheses, they do not fit neatly into the broad categories. Rather we see them as reflecting the ways in which research on urban poverty has developed, often drawing from multiple sources. Thus they offer a useful way...
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How To Make Cities More Resilient A Handbook For Local Government Leaders
Since the issue of urban poverty cuts at the heart of social policy in the United States, it is not surprising that ideology plays a substantial role in many of the debates about it. The hypotheses often reflect ideological, as well as empirical, social science debates. This is unavoidable. Nonetheless, the focal point of this article is not on ideology but rather on what may reasonably be claimed to be known about inner-city poverty. Ideology may well be critical to the decision about what to believe and what policies are to be preferred. We recognize that it subtly affects perceptions of empirical reality, particularly through its impact...
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STATE OF THE WORLD’S CITIES 2012/2013 Prosperity of Cities
This golden age of the industrial workers in the United States is partly mythological, but it had roots in reality (Webber and Rigby, 1996). Rising living standards, predictable employment at a family wage, and homeownership were no myth for millions of workers. Its effects even spilled onto members of minority groups, particularly African Americans, who continued to be socially marginalized, but who migrated from rural areas to cities and found work in factories. Demand for labor, as well as rising wages and productivity in the manufacturing sectors, also pushed demand and wages up in the less-productive service sectors. Although workers in these sectors had to deal with...
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Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in New York City, Volume One: The CSEC Population in New York City: Size, Characteristics, and Needs
Most observers of the economy now accept that a major shift occurred during the 1970s. The rapid productivity growth of the postwar years came to an end—for reasons that are still being debated among economists and historians. Wage growth lagged, and the economy suffered multiple shocks from energy prices and rapid inflation. The surge of births in the postwar baby boom meant that the labor force grew rapidly, while women were entering the labor force in numbers unprecedented in peacetime. For workers in the inner cities, these phenomena were reinforced by powerful technological and competitive forces. Beginning in the 1960s, total manufacturing employment in older cities, such...
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NETWORKED SOCIETY CITY INDEX : Triple-bottom-line effects of accelerated ICT maturity in cities worldwide
By the 1980s, however, manufacturing losses in both new and old plants were being exac- erbated by foreign competition. As the United States embraced free trade, the aggregate effect was beneficial, but in some sectors and regions adverse impacts were undeniable, especially in older cities. The rise of new competitors—notably from Japan—opened the way to globalization of consumer goods production, both durable and nondurable, that was cheaper and frequently better. In many sectors, domestic production as a percentage of sales fell sharply and in some cases, such as television manufacturing, dropped effec- tively to zero. Perhaps as important, whole new product lines, including consumer elec- tronics such as...
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CITY DIPLOMACY: THE EXPANDING ROLE OF CITIES IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICS
Structural changes had happened previously in U.S. history without such radical effects on cities, though they had certainly devastated some groups of workers. For example, the carriage industry in Michigan was totally replaced by automobile manufacturing, but there was little to offset the loss of automobile production in Flint. What, in fact, might replace the lost sectors and employment in these cases? Two answers suggested them- selves: services and high technology. Throughout the second half of this century, employment in the service sectors has been growing faster than in manufacturing. This seemingly inexorable phenomenon was expected to generate new growth sufficient to maintain inner-city employment....
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Constructing a City: The Cerda Plan for the Extension of Barcelona
The high-technology answer seemed to lie in the creation of new manufacturing sectors, which—by virtue of high growth and rising productivity—might restore the promise of high-wage, stable employment. Such sectors were emerging in Silicon Valley and other centers that increasingly looked to a combination of electronics and information as their stock in trade. But also taking place were profound changes in the nature of manufactur- ing; these changes would be fatal to the cities’ hopes for new sectors. Some of the most remarkable developments in the structure of manufacturing over the past two centuries occurred in the past two decades. The obvious ones are technological—the creation of entirely...
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A brief handbook on social investment
The growth in the production of hardware and software for these sectors has been phenomenal, certainly equaling or exceeding anything in the Industrial Revolution. These industries have located to new sites, either in the suburbs in existing metropolitan areas or in rapidly growing, relatively new cities (Scott, 1993; Castells and Hall, 1994). Almost nowhere have they been significant as employment generators for older, inner cities. As growth generators, they are, at best, indirect. However, some elements in the new sectors hold promise for the cities; the production of new forms of information-based media is especially promis- ing. To the extent that they are enhanced by a large number...
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Quy hoạch sử dụng đất đai
Tham khảo sách 'quy hoạch sử dụng đất đai', kinh tế - quản lý, quy hoạch - đô thị phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả
8/30/2018 2:56:24 AM +00:00
Nhà trẻ cho người già
Thế nào là “nhà trẻ” cho người già? – Đó là cái nhà mà người già đến sinh hoạt để mình như được trẻ lại. Gọi là “nhà trẻ” còn với nghĩa học viên được chăm sóc, cưng chiều như trẻ thơ.Một hình thức kinh doanh một khu vui chơi giải trí , trao đổi và học tập cho người già . • Một khu vực chăm sóc sức khỏe, một khu vực nghỉ dưỡng cao cấp.
8/30/2018 2:52:26 AM +00:00