Tài liệu miễn phí Tiếng Anh thương mại
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The recommendation that audit committees should consist of at least three
independent non-executive directors indicates that they are expected to undertake
effective monitoring of the executive directors. Given the reputational issues
involved, it is reasonable to argue that non-executive directors that are also
executive directors will be particularly strong monitors of the board‟s actions if a
member of the audit committee.
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Audit committee members have a specific set of roles and responsibilities including
monitoring the integrity of the company‟s financial statements, monitoring the
effectiveness of the internal auditing systems, reviewing the company‟s internal
financial controls and to ensure that possible financial problems are raised. These
responsibilities should therefore result in better financial decision-making and better
financial performance.
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To estimate equation (5) we have to take into account the potential endogeneity of
financial performance and board appointment decisions. Furthermore, including the
lagged dependent variable as an independent variable makes the fixed effects
estimator not only biased, but also inconsistent. To overcome this problem an
instrumental variables (IV) estimator could be used. However, appropriate
governance instruments are not easy to find. We therefore make use of the dynamic
panel data (DPD) estimator which employs a matrix of lagged endogenous variables
as instruments timed from t-2 to t-6. The DPD technique therefore creates
instruments by its construction. All our models...
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The reliability of the DPD results depends crucially on the assumption that the
instruments are valid. This can be checked by employing the Hansen test of
overidentifying restrictions. A rejection of the null hypothesis that instruments are
uncorrelated to errors would indicate inconsistent estimates. In addition, we also
present test statistics for second-order serial correlation in the error process. In a
dynamic panel data context, we expect first order serial correlation, but should not be
able to detect second-order serial correlation if the instruments are orthogonal to the
errors. ...
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This paper has explored the impact of appointing executive directors as non-
executive directors on the appointing firm‟s performance. We find that relatively few
executive directors are appointed as non-executive directors in UK quoted firms,
which is consistent with the Higgs Report (2003). This is despite the long-standing
conjecture that such appointments may positively affect firm performance.
Consistent with this view, our results suggest a positive link between the presence of
an IED and the appointing firm‟s performance. Our data reveal that the better the
relative performance of the firm where the director is an...
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The new features of Systems Director make discovering systems on the network very simple. You can now
enter a single hostname, single IP address or range of IP addresses, without having to understand the
platform specifics for each system. While the task is being run by the management server, the discovery
task provides visual feedback on the progress of the discovery, as well as displays the resources of the
systems discovered. You can also navigate to and perform other tasks pertaining to each of these systems.
Advanced system discovery
Systems Director also includes a straightforward wizard to streamline advanced discovery settings for one
or more system types...
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The first Academy Awards were handed out on
May 16, 1929, not long after the advent of “talkies.”
By 1930, enthusiasm for the ceremonies was so great
that a Los Angeles radio station did a live, one-hour
broadcast, and the Awards have enjoyed broadcast
coverage ever since.The number and types of awards
have grown and changed over the years to keep up with
the development of the motion picture industry. Awards
of Merit—Oscars—are presented in each (or in
subdivisions) of the following categories: acting,
animation, art direction, cinematography, costume design,
directing, documentary film, film editing, foreign language
film, make-up, music, best picture, short film, sound, visual
effects, and writing. In an age when...
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Young Minds Inspired, in cooperation with the Academy of Motion
Picture Arts and Sciences, is proud to present this newest addition to
our series of study guides that focus on different branches of the
Academy. In this guide, students will learn about animation.The kit has
been designed for students in high school English, language arts, visual
arts and communications courses.The activities capitalize on students’
natural interest in current films and the excitement generated by the
Academy Awards®.They are designed to teach valuable lessons in
critical thinking.
The Academy, organized in 1927, is a professional honorary
organization composed of more than 6,000 motion picture craftsmen
and women. Its purposes include advancing the...
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The
industry in India currently employs about 12,000 animation workers with nearly 3,000 working as
freelance animators.
An extensive number of labor pool – which is one of the strengths of India as an outsourcing
destination – is not required in the animation industry (and process per se). However, with this in
consideration, the Indian animation industry still managed to position itself to be a major market
player in the animation outsourcing industry with only 12,000 employees working full-time for the
industry. A key factor for this is India’s significant cost advantage coupled with strategic investments
in the country’s animation infrastructure....
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The continued demand in the global animation market has allowed the Asia-Pacific region to further
emerge as a premier destination for animation outsourcing. The major players in the region include
China, India, Singapore, South Korea and the Philippines.
China
With reported revenues of about US$1.4 billion in 2007 and approximately 10,000 animation
professionals, China is considered as one of the stronger players in the animation outsourcing
industry. Although this figure may largely be in part of China’s local animation market, the continued
development of this sector in their country may further strengthen their position as one of the leading
providers of outsourced animation services in the near future....
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Animation is currently one of the emerging outsourcing services
offered by the Philippines. With the beginnings of animation in the
country being traced as early as the 1980’s, this fairly long history
lends the Philippines its reputation as one of the stronger Asian
players in the global animation industry today.
However, considering that the country had first-mover advantage, its
current share of the global animation market remains marginal when
compared to the international demand for animation work. This paper
seeks to present the possible factors that have hindered the
Philippine animation industry from securing a more commanding
portion in the global market....
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Outsourcing in the animation industry is one of the more promising business process outsourcing
services today with a current world market valued at about US$68.4 billion. This figure is expected to
rise to almost US$80 billion by 2010. With a projected 16.5% growth in two years’ time, this displays
the extensive opportunity the industry has.
The increase in demand may be attributed to the continued production of animation in the
entertainment sector which accounts for 74% of total revenues in the global animation industry. In
2006 for example, the entertainment sector of the animation industry generated about US$43.7 billion
out of the total US$59.1 billion. This percent...
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With the rapid development of the animation industry in the west, particularly in the U.S. and Europe,
the need for outsourced services in animation increased in Asia. Thus, and with animation’s
protracted development cycles, wherein 70% to 80% of related costs credited to labor – western
animators began to see Asian destinations such as the Philippines, with its cheaper labor and
abundant creative talent – as cost-cutting alternatives.
The rise of animation in the Philippines as an outsourced industry began in the early 1980’s. Some of
the first animation studios in the country included Burbank Animation Inc., Asian Animation, and Fil-
Cartoons, all of which were export...
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3D animation in the other hand can be further classified into 3D CGI and 3D motion capture. These
forms of animation give a more realistic view of the character because it gives the object the illusion
of movement in a three-dimensional perspective. Unlike 2D animation, 3D CGI and 3D motion
capture rely more on computer technology rather than the creativity of the artist in drawing an
inanimate object. 3D CGI for instance can be done by using three-dimensional animation software
alone. Without influence from a non-computer image such as a hand-drawn object, the computer
software can generate 3D objects using 2D geometric figures....
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The oldest and most basic form of animation used up to the present is 2D animation. The process of
2D animation is done by combining multiple sets of two-dimensional hand-drawn objects and placing
them in a sequence and in a manner that creates an illusion that the drawn objects are in fact moving.
With the advancement of computer technology, 2D animation has evolved into more than just handmade
drawings. Today, these drawings are given more depth by scanning each frame individually
and further manipulation and enhancement are processed by software applications. For instance,
instead of having an artist draw and scan each page individually, artists now...
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As the University of Kentucky continues in its state-mandated mission to reach Top 20 status
among the nation’s premier public research institutions, it is imperative that the entire University
communicate with a clear, consistent public identity. The development of visual identity
standards by the entire University is critical to achieving this objective.
Every time someone from the University of Kentucky communicates with the public, it
contributes to our reputation. Public appearances, publications, stationery, newsletters, T-shirts,
displays, business cards, advertisements, media interviews, websites, flyers, signs and other
forms of communication represent not just the individual or program, but the entire University....
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The most basic yet comprehensive component of a strong institutional image is a unified visual
presentation. Collectively, all elements of the University of Kentucky must present to the world
a consistent image that reflects our quality, professionalism and mission.
The University of Kentucky name carries heavy responsibility. It stands as the sum of the
institution’s many parts and embodies the authentic, recognizable essence of this institution.
It must reinforce to many diverse audiences a definitive and unique impression. These
principles have shaped the creation of this new visual identity guide, supported by the Southern
Association of Colleges and Schools, the University’s Strategic Plan, the Board of Trustees...
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The University of Kentucky owns its name and all trademarks. Trademarks include any logo,
signature, symbol, mark, seal, nickname, letters, word or derivative that can be associated with
UK and can be distinguished from those of other institutions or entities. UK protects and
enhances its reputation by assuring that its trademarks appear only on appropriate materials or
quality products.
UK established a Trademark Licensing Program in 1984. Licensed manufacturers pay the
University a royalty on all products produced. These revenues help fund the debt service on
UK’s William T. Young Library. This affects all marks or logos used by the University, including
logos generally associated with the University’s...
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These courses provide a concentration on the exciting and popular
emerging technology of Video Game Design. The curriculum is
under close advisement from industry contacts to ensure students
are equipped with skills and practices that are current. Students will
study the art and science involved in the creation and development
of computer games. Students will employee principles of animation,
interactive story telling, game theory, character development, and
modeling and rigging. Students will be prepared for transfer to a fouryear
college, internships in the game design industry, or working as an
independent designer....
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For the wave, you want to raise the hand and arm into the air, tilting the hand outward a bit. By selecting each
arm bone and applying rotations, you could achieve such a pose, but it would be difficult and rather unintuitive.
If you like, try to use RMB selection and R-key rotation on the arm and hand bones to get something like this
pose:
Very difficult, no? One thing you may have noticed when rotating the bones was that
as soon as you moved them, they turned a bright blue. The blue color is an indication
that a bone has at least one keyframe set....
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Now RMB on the bone called “hand.l” to select it. It is the first bone of the left hand
immediately following the two longer arm bones. On the Armature panel in the Edit
buttons, enable the Auto IK option.
Use Grab mode (G-key) to move the hand. This time, translating the hand bone pulls the
rest of the arm around with it, letting you create the pose much more intuitively. When
you have the hand close to what looks like a decent pose for the beginning of a wave motion, disable Auto IK.
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Work with the hand in Auto IK mode and by
directly rotating it until it looks something
like the earlier illustration.
Now, take a look at the Action Editor. It has
several rows, or channels, and each has a
name that corresponds to a bone in the
active armature. When you select a bone in
the 3D view, the corresponding channel in the Action Editor is selected. Just the
same, RMB clicking a channel name in the Action Editor selects that bone in the 3D
view. In the illustration, the lower_arm.l channel is selected.
Notice that some yellow diamonds have appeared within the Action Editor’s timeline. These represent the
bones’ keyframes....
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The goal here is to get the heel of the mesh’s right
foot to appear to contact the ground at the same
level as the toe of the left foot. The right foot
should not be so far out in front of the body that
the knee becomes completely straight which can
cause the foot bones to detach from the leg.
Now pose the arms (illustrations on the next
page). Once again, an easy way to do this is to
turn on Auto IK and drag the hands into position,
bringing the arms along for the ride. Afterward,
disable Auto IK and finely adjust the rotations of
the arm and hand...
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Making a good walkcycle requires more than just arm and foot positioning.
Spend some time on the spine. When walking, the
leading hand twists the top of the spine toward it,
and the trailing arm twists the lower spine toward
it. Be aware, though, that by rotating the lower
spine bones, the upper spine, arms, neck, and head
will rotate as well. You may have to compensate by
rotating the upper spine bones back the opposite
way. Rotations of the spine during a walkcycle
should be subtle: they add hints to the overall
motion. Over-rotating will produce animation that
looks wild and unnatural....
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MX stands for Media-X-change – the fast exchange of media with
other MAGIX programs, online services, and mobile devices.
Post your photos online to share them with friends and family or
transfer project media to other MAGIX programs for detailed editing.
You can find all of the great MX features in the program menu under
Share or by right-clicking the mouse over the media you've just
created and in other program functions. Each program can also be set
up with customized connections by adjusting the settings in the file
menu....
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Your job is firstly to make the visitor trust your web site, by making your web page “getable”, so
that your visitor believes “I'm in the right place to get what I want”. This means you first need to
have insight into your visitor's goals, and the triggers that will give them positive vibes, with a
brand and a message that's immediately accessible. If you can achieve that, they will look for the
next step.
Then your job is to keep the “scent”, so that they continue to think, “I’m going to get what I want
here”. You’ve got a limited opportunity to do that. If...
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As part of the project we follow an ascertainment protocol which involves several
measures and procedures. Parents or guardians must complete an informed consent form
with the help of a psychologist or social worker. Subsequently, parents are interviewed using
the Vineland Behavior Adaptive Scales, a structured interview about adaptive behavior
(observed communication, social behavior, and daily living skills at home and in the
community). A detailed developmental history is obtained, probing for obstetric information,
non-psychiatric medical problems, neurological disorders, medication history, education and
treatment history. Parents are administered the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R),
a structured interview for the identification of the ASD symptoms, while children are assessed
using the...
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In 2008, the Brazilian National Council for
Scientific and Technological Development
(CNPq) – the leading research agency in
Brazil – in collaboration with the Research
Foundations of the various Brazilian states,
called for the creation of “National Institutes of
Science and Technology” (CNPq), one of the
most important research initiatives that Brazil
has seen. CNPq’s National Institutes were
conceptualized to be built upon collaborative
work of national and international research
groups focused on cutting edge areas of
science or areas of national priority. The
mission of the Institutes is to stimulate the
development of competitive scientific research,
innovation and objective gains for the country,
besides training of human resources....
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Now a new, third option (Option B+) proposes further evolution—not only providing the
same triple ARV drugs to all HIV-infected pregnant women beginning in the antenatal clinic
setting but also continuing this therapy for all of these women for life. Important advantages
of Option B+ include: further simplification of regimen and service delivery and harmonization
with ART programmes, protection against mother-to-child transmission in future pregnancies,
a continuing prevention benefit against sexual transmission to serodiscordant partners, and
avoiding stopping and starting of ARV drugs. While these benefits need to be evaluated in
programme settings, and systems and support requirements need careful consideration, this
is an appropriate time for countries...
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This programmatic update indicates that Options B and
specifically B+ are likely to prove preferable to Option A for
operational, programmatic and strategic reasons. While Option
A has been successfully implemented in a number of highburden
countries, generally it has been difficult to implement
in many low-resource settings due to the changes in drugs
delivered across the care continuum (antenatal, delivery and
postpartum) and the requirement for timely CD4 testing to
determine which women should initiate ART for their own
health. In contrast, Option B and Option B+ start all HIVinfected
pregnant women on triple ARV regimens without
need for an initial CD4 cell count (although CD4 testing is still
needed in...
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