Tài liệu miễn phí Kinh Tế - Quản Lý

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Lecture Microeconomics: Theory and applications (12/e): Chapter 16 - Browning, Zupan

Chapter 16 - Employment and pricing of inputs. In this chapter students will be able to: Explore the factors influencing the demand for an input by an individual competitive form, derive the market demand curve for an input by aggregating the demand curves of the various firms interested in hiring the input, investigate the general shape of an input supply curve,...

8/30/2018 5:34:54 AM +00:00

Lecture Microeconomics: Theory and applications (12/e): Chapter 17 - Browning, Zupan

Chapter 17 - Wages, rent, interest, and profit. In this chapter students will be able to: Investigate a worker's decision concerning how many work hours to supply, examine the income and substitution effects of a higher wage rate and whether the net result of a wage increase involves a worker supplying more work hours, analyze the general level of wage rates and why wages differ among jobs,...

8/30/2018 5:34:54 AM +00:00

Lecture Microeconomics: Theory and applications (12/e): Chapter 18 - Browning, Zupan

Chapter 18 - Using input market analysis. In this chapter students will be able to: Analyze the effects of minimum wage on the employment of unskilled workers, determine the extent to which employers versus employees bear the burden of the social security program, explore an important hidden cost of Social Security that results from the program's long-run impact on saving and social accumulation,...

8/30/2018 5:34:54 AM +00:00

Lecture Microeconomics: Theory and applications (12/e): Chapter 19 - Browning, Zupan

Chapter 19 - General equilibrium analysis and economic efficiency. In this chapter students will be able to: Delineate the difference between partial and general equilibrium analysis, explain the concept of economic efficiency, outline the three conditions necessary for the attainment of economic efficiency,...

8/30/2018 5:34:54 AM +00:00

Lecture Microeconomics: Theory and applications (12/e): Chapter 20 - Browning, Zupan

Chapter 20 - Public goods and externalities. In this chapter students will be able to: Explain what economists mean by the term public goods and the free rider-rider problem, describe the efficiency in the provision and distribution of a public good, define external benefits and external costs and show how their presence results in nonoptimal output levels for goods characterized by such aspects,...

8/30/2018 5:34:54 AM +00:00

Đề cương Lí luận nhà nước và pháp luật

Tài liệu Đề cương Lí luận nhà nước và pháp luật gồm có nội dung 2 phần: Lí luận nhà nước và lí luận pháp luật với 21 câu hỏi tự luận cùng hướng dẫn trả lời câu hỏi. Hi vọng tài liệu sẽ giúp ích cho các bạn trong quá trình học tập cũng như ôn thi của mình. Để nắm vững nội dung chi tiết mời các bạn cùng tham khảo tài liệu.

8/30/2018 5:26:00 AM +00:00

Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 1: Limits, alternatives, and choices

After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Define economics and the features of the economic perspective, describe the role of economic theory in economics, distinguish microeconomics from macroeconomics and positive economics from normative economics, list the categories of scarce resources and delineate the nature of the economizing problem,...

8/30/2018 5:25:01 AM +00:00

Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 1-Appendix: Limits, alternatives, and choices

The main goals of this chapter are to: Apply production possibilities analysis, increasing opportunity costs, and economic growth; explain how economic growth and international trade increase consumption possibilities; understand graphs, curves, and slopes as they relate to economics.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 2: The market system and the circular flow

The main goals of this chapter are to: Differentiate between a command system and a market system; list the main characteristics of the market system; explain how the market system decides what to produce, how to produce it, and who obtains it; discuss how the market system adjusts to change and promotes progress; describe the mechanics of the circular flow model.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 3: Demand, supply, and market equilibrium

The model of supply and demand is the economics profession’s greatest contribution to human understanding because it explains the operation of the markets on which we depend for nearly everything that we eat, drink, or consume. The model is so powerful and so widely used that to many people it is economics. This chapter explains how the model works and how it can explain both the quantities that are bought and sold in markets as well as the prices at which they trade.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 3-Appendix: Demand, supply, and market equilibrium

The main goals of this chapter are to: Explain how changes in supply and demand affect equilibrium prices and quantities; identify what government-set prices are and how they can cause product surpluses and shortages; illustrate how supply and demand analysis can provide insights on actual-economy situations.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 4: Elasticity

The main goals of this chapter are to: Discuss price elasticity of demand and how it can be applied, explain the usefulness of the total revenue test for price elasticity of demand, describe price elasticity of supply and how it can be applied, apply cross elasticity of demand and income elasticity of demand.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 5: Market failures: Public goods and externalities

Competitive markets usually do a remarkably effective job of allocating society’s scarce resources to their most highly valued uses. Thus, we begin this chapter by demonstrating how properly functioning markets efficiently allocate resources. We then explore what happens when markets don’t function properly. In some circumstances, economically desirable goods are not produced at all. In other situations, they are either overproduced or underproduced. This chapter focuses on these situations, which economists refer to as market failures.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 6: Consumer behavior

In this chapter, you will see how individual consumers allocate their incomes among the various goods and services available to them. Given a certain budget, how does a consumer decide which goods and services to buy? This chapter will develop a model to answer this question. This chapter will also survey some of the recent insights about consumer behavior provided by the field of behavioral economics.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 6-App: Consumer behavior

After completing this chapter, students will be able to: Relate how behavioral economics and prospect theory shed light on many consumer behaviors; relate how the indifference curve model of consumer behavior derives demand curves from budget lines, indifference curves, and utility maximization.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 7: Businesses and the costs of production

After reading chapter 7, you should be able to: Explain why economic costs include both explicit (revealed and expressed) costs and implicit (present but not obvious) costs; relate the law of diminishing returns to a firm’s short-run production costs; describe the distinctions between fixed and variable costs and among total, average, and marginal costs; use economies of scale to link a firm’s size and its average costs in the long run.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 8: Pure competition in the short run

After studying this chapter you will be able to understand: Give the names and summarize the main characteristics of the four basic market models, list the conditions required for purely competitive markets, convey how purely competitive firms maximize profits or minimize losses in the short run, explain why a competitive firm’s marginal cost curve is the same as its supply curve.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 9: Pure competition in the long run

After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Explain how the long run differs from the short run in pure competition; describe why profits encourage entry into a purely competitive industry and losses result in firms exiting the industry; explain how the entry and exit of firms affects resource flows and long-run profits and losses; explain the differences between constant-cost, increasing-cost, and decreasing-cost industries.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 10: Pure monopoly

In this chapter, students will be able to understand: List the characteristics of pure monopoly, explain how a pure monopoly sets its profit-maximizing output and price, discuss the economic effects of monopoly, describe why a monopolist might prefer to charge different prices in different markets, distinguish between the monopoly price, the socially optimal price, and the fair-return price of a government-regulated monopoly.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 11: Monopolistic competition and oligopoly

After reading this chapter, you should be able to: List the characteristics of monopolistic competition, explain why monopolistic competitors earn only a normal profit in the long run, describe the characteristics of oligopoly, discuss how game theory relates to oligopoly,...

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 11-Appendix: Monopolistic competition and oligopoly

After completing this chapter, students will be able to: Relate why the demand curve of an oligopolist may be kinked, compare the incentives and obstacles to collusion among oligopolists, contrast the potential positive and negative effects of advertising, utilize additional game-theory terminology and applications.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 11: Technology, R&D, and efficiency

After completing this chapter, students will be able to: Differentiate between invention, innovation, and technological diffusion; explain how entrepreneurs and other innovators further technological advance; summarize how a firm determines its optimal amount of research and development (R&D); relate why firms can benefit from their innovation even though rivals have an incentive to imitate it.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 12: The demand for resources

In this chapter, students will be able to understand: Explain the significance of resource pricing, convey how the marginal revenue productivity of a resource relates to a firm's demand for that resource, list the factors that increase or decrease resource demand, discuss the determinants of elasticity of resource demand, determine how a competitive firm selects its optimal combination of resources.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 13: Wage determination

Learning objectives of this chapter include: Explain why labor productivity and real hourly compensation track so closely over time, show how wage rates and employment levels are determined in competitive labor markets, demonstrate how monopsony (a market with a single employer) can reduce wages below competitive levels,...

8/30/2018 5:25:01 AM +00:00

Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 13-Appendix: Wage determination

After completing this chapter, students will be able to: List the major causes of wage differentials; Indentify the types, benefits, and costs of pay-for-performance plans; relate who belongs to U;S; unions, the basics of collective bargaining, and the economic effects of unions;...

8/30/2018 5:25:01 AM +00:00

Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 14: Rent, interest, and profit

After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Explain the nature of economic rent and how it is determined; describe the loanable funds theory of interest rates; demonstrate how interest rates relate to the time-value of money and vary based on risk, maturity, loan size, and taxability; relate why economic profits occur, and how profits, along with losses, allocate resources among alternative uses; list the share of U.S. earnings received by each of the factors of production.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 15: Natural resource and energy economics

After studying this chapter you will be able to understand: Explain why falling birthrates mean that we are not likely to run out of natural resources, describe why using a mix of energy sources is efficient, even if some of them are quite costly, discuss why running out of oil would not mean running out of energy, show how the profit motive can encourage resource conservation, relate how to use property rights to prevent deforestation and species extinction.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 16: Public finance: Expenditures and taxes

After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Identify the main categories of government spending and the main sources of government revenue; summarize the different philosophies regarding the distribution of a nation's tax burden; explain the principles relating to tax shifting, tax incidence, and the efficiency losses caused by taxes; demonstrate how the distribution of income between rich and poor is affected by government taxes, transfers, and spending.

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Lecture Economics (19/e) - Chapter 17: Asymmetric information, voting, and public choice

After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Describe how information failures may justify government intervention in some markets; explain the difficulties of conveying economic preferences through majority voting; discuss government failure and explain why it happens.

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