Xem mẫu
Organize • Outlining
To help you organize your expository writing, you can use an outline to show the main topics you want to cover and the supporting information that should be included. How did the writer organize his notes in this outline?
OUTLINE
PREWRITE
DRAFT
REVISE
PROOFREAD
PUBLISH
I. Settlers on the prairie
A. Dug up grass
B. Soil became loose
II. Drought in 1930s EgZlg^i^c
A. Dry soil
B. Clouds of dust
C. Area called Dust Bowl
III. Hard years for many people
A. Farms ruined
B. People left homes
■ Have you thought about your purpose and audience?
■ Have you brainstormed topic ideas?
■ Have you chosen your topic and listed what you know about it?
■ Have you used an outline to organize your ideas?
■ What kind of research do you need to do?
PRACTICE AND APPLY
Plan Your Own Expository Writing 1. Think about your purpose and audience. 2. Brainstorm ideas for your topic.
3. Choose a topic and list information to research. 4. Use an outline to organize the information.
113
Expository Writing: Research Report
Prewrite Research and Inquiry ▶ Writer’s Resources
You will have to do research to get more information
for your expository writing. Begin by making a list of questions. Then decide what resources you need to use to answer your questions.
What Else Do I Need to Know?
What area is called the Dust Bowl?
Why did the soil become loose?
Where Can I Find the Information?
Look up the Dust Bowl in an encyclopedia.
Call a history expert at a college or library.
▶ Use an Encyclopedia
An encyclopedia is a useful source of information for a research report. When you use a CD-ROM encyclopedia, first type in keywords related to your topic. You will then see a list of articles about your subject. Click on the article that you want to read.
These are the keywords the writer typed in.
Find Back Atlas Time line Internet Special Tools Print Help Exit
Word Search
Look for the word[s]:
dust bowl Search
This is the best topic for finding the information needed.
To narrow your search, click here: More Options
Dust Bowl DUST BOWL, name for an area in the Great Plains of the United States…
Agriculture AGRICULTURE, the business of raising crops and animals…
Drought
Farm Workers
12 items found
DROUGHT, a long period of dry weather…
FARM WORKERS, people hired to work on farms…
Go to list of contents A—Z
114
▶ Consult Experts
Experts have detailed knowledge about a subject. They can give you specific information that may be hard to find elsewhere. You can call, write, or e-mail an expert. Remember that experts are busy, so give them time to respond to your questions. Thank them for their help.
▶ Use Your Research
In expository writing, you summarize information from a variety of sources, such as books and magazines. This writer got information from an encyclopedia and an expert. How was this information added to the outline?
I. Settlers on the prairie
A. Dug up grass
B. Soil became loose
because the grass held the soil in place
II. Drought in 1930s
A. Dry soil
B. Clouds of dust
PREWRITE
DRAFT
REVISE
PROOFREAD
PUBLISH
GZhZVgX] VcY>cfj^gn
C. Area called Dust Bowl New Mexico Kansas
PRACTICE AND APPLY Review Your Plan
1. Look at your outline.
Colorado
Texas Oklahoma
■ Did you make a list of questions?
■ Did you think of resources you can use to answer your questions?
■ Did you write down the facts you found?
2. List the questions you have about your topic.
3. Decide what resources you will use. 4. Add new details and information to
your outline.
115
Expository Writing: Research Report
Draft
Before you begin your expository writing, look at the outline you made. Think of dividing the information into paragraphs. Each paragraph has a main idea and supporting details.
OUTLINE
Each section of the outline can become one paragraph.
I. Settlers on the prairie
A. Dug up grass
B. Soil became loose
because the grass held the soil in place
II. Drought in 1930s
A. Dry soil
Drafting B. Clouds of dust
Main idea for second paragraph
■ Does your writing fit your purpose and audience?
C. Area called Dust Bowl
New Mexico Kansas
Colorado
Texas Oklahoma
■ Have you given important information about one main topic?
■ Have you included facts and details about the topic?
■ Have you included information from different sources?
■ Does your writing follow your outline?
III. Hard years for many people
A. Farms ruined
B. People left homes
Main idea for third paragraph
116
Look at how the writer used his outline to organize the information in his first draft. He explained the settlers’ effect on the land and then went on to explain what happened when the drought hit.
DRAFT
PREWRITE
DRAFT
REVISE
PROOFREAD
Hard Times on the Prairie
Many people settled on the Great Plains. They
PUBLISH Main idea
of first paragraph
dug up miles of grassland. They did not have no
idea that the grass held the soil in place. The soil
became loose
In the 1930s, a long drought began. The soil
Main idea of second paragraph
dried out. The wind swept up the dry, loose soil.
Parts of Colorado, New Mexico Kansas Texas and
Oklahoma became known as the Dust Bowl.
Many farms were ruined. The land had been
damaged. thousands of people left there homes.
Today many people live in this region. Yes the 1930s
where hard years on the American prairie.
PRACTICE AND APPLY
Draft Your Own Expository Writing 1. Review your outline.
2. Write about the facts you know and the new information you learned from your research.
3. Put your information in a logical order.
Supporting details tell about the drought.
...
- tailieumienphi.vn
nguon tai.lieu . vn