Sentence structure

Sentence structure RELATIVE CLAUSES Relative clauses with who and that • Look at this sentence: The man gave me some money. If we want to describe the man, we can use an adjective [old, thin, young, etc): The old man gave me some money. • However, sometimes the information we want to give is more complicated. The old man met me at the airport. He gave me some money. The two sentences can be combined, to show which old man gave me the money: The old man who met me at the airport gave me the money. who met me at the airport is a clause (a mini-sentence in the larger sentence). It is a called a relative clause because it relates to ( = connects with) a noun in the larger sentence. FORM • Relative clauses are often indicated by who (for people) and that (for things and sometimes for people). The relative clause is placed immediately after the noun which it describes. I was talking to a person who worked with my father. That`s the car that crashed into our house. • who or that replaces the pronoun: I was talking to a person who worked with my father. This is the man who I met in Paris. (NOT This is the man who / mot him in Paris) Practice 88 Join each pair of sentences together to make one sentence, using who or that. Write the second sentence as a relative clause. 1 This is the woman. She gave me my first job. This is the woman who Qave me my first job. 2 He picked up the book. It was on the desk. He picked up the book that was on the desk. 3 The meal was delicious. Ben cooked it. The meal that Ben oooked was deiicious. 4 She`s the woman. She telephoned the police. 126 Sentence structure 5 He`s the person. He wanted to buy your house. 6 We threw out the computer. It never worked properly. 7 This is the lion. It`s been ill recently. 8 The man was badly injured. He was driving the car. 9 The children broke my window. They live in the next street. 10 They sold the cat. It was afraid of mice. 11 This is the chair. My parents gave it to me. 12 I`ve applied for the job. You told me about it. 13 We`re looking for the ball. We were playing with it. 14 The man was holding the gun. We saw him. 15 I`m going to speak to the mechanic. He repaired my car. 16 The TV programme was very sad. I watched it last night. 17 The girl had red hair. I saw her. 18 That`s the woman. I was telling you about her. 127 Prepositions PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE 89 at in, on • at is used for a place when the exact position is not very important: He was standing at the gate. We were waiting at the station. • on is used when the place is seen as a line or surface: The cat sat on the table. There was a picture on the wall. • in is used when the place is seen as having volume or area: The dog was in the car. My keys are in my bag. Practice Write at, in, or on to complete these sentences. 1 Peter`s .in... the kitchen. 2 The money`s . on. the table. 3 He was waiting .at. the station. 4 The milk`s 5 They sat the fridge. the wall. 6 They made the film 7 I saw them Shepperton Studios. the station. 8 Mary`s not here - she`s 9 They were sitting the office. the floor. 10 The butter`s 11 The money`s 12 They are all 13 The papers are 14 They are all 15 He`s not the shelf my pocket. the garden. my desk. the car. work today - he`s the cupboard. home. 128 Prepositions 90 Prepositions of movement to, at, or away from a place to at away from She ran to the gate-She stood at the gate. She walked away from the gate. on, onto, or off a line or surface (a wall, table, floor, etc.) on(to) on off / put the money onto the table. The money`s on the table. The money fell off the table. in, into, or out of a box, car, or anything with volume in (to) in out (of) The dog jumped into the car. The dog`s in the car. Take the dog out of the car. Practice Choose the correct words from the boxes to complete these sentences. 1 She was standing 2 I put the matches 3 She got %}._ the front door. the table. the car and ran the station. 4 The baby`s going to fall the table. 5 The bread`s 6 I walked 7 He was lying 8 She dived the cupboard. the church and waited the bus stop. the floor. the sea. 9 They climbed the roof and looked down at us. 10 We walked the end of the road. 129 Prepositions 91 Prepositions of position and movement The bank is above the bank. They`re standing the library. on top of the building. The aeroplane`s flying over the town. The post office is below the travel agency. The ladder is standing against the wall. My flat is near the park. The park is behind the library. The library`s next to the bank. He`s standing in front of the librar He`s walking past the post office, towards the bank. She`s walking across the road. He`s walking They`re sitting under/underneath He`s walking the bridge. round the market. She`s walking along theiroad. She`s walking He`s driving through the market. The bus stop is opposite the bank. 130 ... - tailieumienphi.vn