reading skill 8

–READING CHARTS AND GRAPHS, UNDERSTANDING DIRECTIONS– Notice: Training to Begin for F.A.S.T. Membership A training calendar and schedule for Fire Agency Specialties Team (F.A.S.T.) membership is avail-able in this office to all applicants for F.A.S.T. membership. Training will take place the third week of each month. Classes will be taught on Monday afternoons, Wednesday evenings, and Saturday afternoons. So that the F.A.S.T.can maintain a high level of efficiency and preparedness for emergency response situations,its members must meet cer-tain requirements. First, in order for you to be considered for membership on F.A.S.T., your department must be a member of the F.A.S.T. organization, and you must have written permission from your fire chief or your department’s highest ranking administrator. Once active,you must meet further require-ments to maintain active status. These include completion of technician-level training and cer-tification in hazardous material (hazmat) opera-tions.In addition,after becoming a member,you must also attend a minimum of 50% of all drills conducted by F.A.S.T. and go to at least one F.A.S.T.conference.You may qualify for alterna-tive credit for drills by proving previous experi-ence in actual hazmat emergency response. If you fail to meet minimum requirements, you will be considered inactive,and the director of your team will be notified.You will be placed back on active status only after you complete the training necessary to meet the minimum requirements. 321. Potential F.A.S.T.members can attend less than half of F.A.S.T.drills if they a. complete technician-level training requirements. b. indicate prior real emergency experience. c. receive permission from their fire chief. d. enroll in three weekly training sessions. 322. Which of the following is the main subject of the passage? a. preparing for hazmat certification b. the main goal of F.A.S.T. c. completing F.A.S.T.membership requirements d. learning about your department’s F.A.S.T. membership 323. Applicants must be available for training a. three days each month. b. three days each week. c. every third month. d. for 50% of classes. 75 –READING CHARTS AND GRAPHS, UNDERSTANDING DIRECTIONS– One of the most common injuries teenagers and adults experience is a sprained ankle. A sprain occurs when the ligaments of a joint are twisted and possibly torn.Ligaments are bands of stringy fibers that hold the bones of a joint in position.A sprain can occur from a sudden wrenching at the joint,or a stretching or tearing of the fibers of the ligaments. The injured area usually swells and becomes black and blue.Stepping off the sidewalk at the wrong angle or having one foot land in a hole while jogging can leave you rolling on the ground in agony with an ankle on fire! If you cannot walk without experiencing intense pain, you must seek medical help. If the pain is man-ageable,and you can walk,here are three words to help you remember how to treat yourself: Elevate Cool Bandage As soon as there is injury to that ligament, there will be a certain amount of bleeding under the skin.Once the blood pools around the dam-aged blood vessels, inflammation and swelling occur. The pressure from the swelling results in additional stress and tenderness to the region.In order to minimize the degree of swelling,lie down as soon as possible and keep the ankle elevated so that it is actually higher than your heart.Next,to shrink the blood vessels and keep bleeding (hence bruising) to a minimum,apply a cold pack.After 20 minutes, take the pack off, wait half an hour, and then reapply.This can be done several times a day for a total of three days. Never leave a cold pack on for more than 20 minutes at a time. Reducing the temperature in that area for an extended period of time signals the body to increase blood flow to raise the body temperature! Therefore, one inadvertently trig-gers more blood distribution to the affected area by leaving a cold pack on for too long! Finally, bandage the ankle. Be careful not to wind it too tightly;doing so can restrict blood flow and cause harm to the entire foot. 324. The main idea of the passage is to a. describe sprains to the ligaments. b. explain how to bandage injuries. c. explain how to treat your own sprained ankle. d. explain how the temperature of a wound is important. 325. According to the passage,a sprain is caused by a. enlarged blood vessels in the foot. b. fluctuating temperature signaling the eleva-tion of body temperature. c. torn tissue in the ball of the foot. d. torn or twisted ligament fibers that hold the joint in position. 76 –READING CHARTS AND GRAPHS, UNDERSTANDING DIRECTIONS– 326. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a warning? a. Ifthere is intense pain,seek medical attention. b. Do not wind the bandage too tightly. c. Do not put your ankle near the fire. d. Do not keep the cold pack on for more than 20 minutes at a time. 328. It can be inferred that the black-and-blue symptom of the sprain is due to a. torn fibers of ligaments. b. too tight of a bandage. c. bleeding under the skin. d. dirt ground into the wound from the fall. 327. According to the directions,once the initial cold pack is removed,what is to be done? a. Begin wrapping the bandage. b. Begin wrapping by encircling the ball of the foot twice. c. Wait 20 minutes and then reapply the ice pack for 30 minutes. d. Wait 30 minutes and then reapply the ice pack for 20 minutes. 77 S E C T I O N Analyzing and Interpreting Poems oetry scares some people,mainly because they believe that poems have hidden meanings.A good way to approach poetry is by reading closely for the literal meaning.In reality,poetry compresses the language into small sentences or phrases, so it just seems that the meanings are hidden.Ask yourself, what is that poet’s view on the subject? If you add a few of your own thoughts and experiences, you can uncover what has been left out.Think of it as frozen orange juice.Add water and you have the entire amount. Also,remember that poets compare objects to other objects . . .just like the frozen orange-juice metaphor.Think back to Section 2,Analogies, and remember the way you made comparisons there. As you begin to read the poems in this section,it is important to understand who is speaking in the poem. (The speaker may not be the poet.) Once you can identify the narrator, you should be able to get an idea of the narrator’s attitude toward the subject,and this is easily discovered by the author’s word choice.Through the images that the words make,you should be able to answer the questions correctly. 79 ... - slideshare.vn