Lecture Mosby's paramedic textbook (4th ed) - Chapter 30: Genitourinary/renal disorders

9/11/2012 1 Chapter 30 Genitourinary/ Renal Disorders 2 Lesson 30.1 Renal Failure and Dialysis 3 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 1 9/11/2012 Learning Objectives • Label a diagram of the urinary system. • Distinguish between acute and chronic renal failure. • Outline the pathophysiology of renal failure. 4 Learning Objectives • Identify the signs and symptoms of renal failure. • Describe the process of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. • Describe the signs and symptoms and care of emergent conditions associated with dialysis. 5 Anatomy and Physiology Review • Genitourinary system – Refers to two different body systems – Genito refers to genital organs and reproductive system • Responsible for perpetuation of our species • Comprised of male and female reproductive organs – Urinary refers to • Removal of metabolic waste products from blood • Removal of concentrated urine • Conservation of water 6 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 2 9/11/2012 7 8 Anatomy and Physiology Review • Genitourinary system plays primary role in – Regulating water and electrolytes – Regulating acid‐base – Excreting waste products and foreign chemicals – Regulating arterial blood pressure – Producing red blood cells – Stimulating glucose production 9 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 3 9/11/2012 Anatomy and Physiology Review • Contents of urinary system – Two kidneys – Two ureters – Urinary bladder – Urethra • Renal structures refer to kidneys and their related structures 10 11 12 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 4 9/11/2012 Renal Disease • Kidneys – Two bean‐shaped organs about size of person’s fist – Lie on posterior abdominal wall behind peritoneum – Superior border of kidney reaches level of 12th thoracic vertebrae – Inferior border lies just above horizontal plane of umbilicus, typically level with 3rd lumbar vertebrae 13 Renal Disease • Kidneys – Inferior border is one finger breadth superior to iliac crest – Center of kidney, where ureter is attached, is level with intervertebral disc between first and second lumbar vertebrae – Superior pole of each kidney is protected by rib cage 14 Renal Disease • Nephron – Basic functional unit of kidney – Millions inside each kidney – Filters blood – Removes waste products – Produces urine – Damage to nephrons results in renal (kidney) disease 15 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 5 ... - tailieumienphi.vn