Lecture Human development - Family, place, culture - Chapter 5: The early years of childhood

Chapter 5 The Early Years of Childhood . Copyright 2010 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Claiborne & Drewery, Human Development 5-1 What is `childhood`? • A period of the lifespan based as much on social norms as biological time • In Pacific cultures, status depends on the situation, not just age • Also common in European cultures: . a person may be a "child" to their parents, even when they are at midlife Copyright 2010 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Claiborne & Drewery, Human Development 5-2 Cultures differ in dividing the lifespan into phases • NZ government: – Tamariki (0-14 years) – Rangatahi (15-24 years) • Many cultures distinguish between – Infants dependent on the caregiver (first 18 months or so) – Early childhood (18 months to school age) – Transition to school • Countries differ greatly in ages at which children start school . Copyright 2010 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Claiborne & Drewery, Human Development 5-3 Big issues about childhood • Period of life often seen as special and protected in various cultures • In earlier centuries in Europe children were not seen as special or vulnerable (Aries, 1962) • Today many children globally suffer abuse, neglect and genocide (United Nations web pages) . Copyright 2010 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Claiborne & Drewery, Human Development 5-4 Childhood as a cultural construction Some sociologists argue that cultures` views of childhood depend on: – Wealth of a society & views of child labour – Life expectancy – Boys` and girls` access to schooling (James, Jenks & Prout, 1998) . Copyright 2010 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Claiborne & Drewery, Human Development 5-5 ... - tailieumienphi.vn