Lecture Human development - Family, place, culture (2nd edition) - Chapter 1: What is human development?

Chapter 1 What IS human development? Copyright © 2014 McGraw­Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Drewery and Claiborne, Human Development 2e 1­1 Introducing human development • Human development can be defined as a process of progressive changes in people`s lives over time that enables them to adapt more effectively to their environments. • Points to note: ‒ People always have many forms of connections with one another. ‒ What counts as progress (improvement) is not always clear. ‒ Change is always happening. ‒ We are interested in the conditions that enhance people`s lives, so that we can live well in the situations in which we find ourselves. ‒ Place shapes and locates the conditions of our lives. Copyright © 2014 McGraw­Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Drewery and Claiborne, Human Development 2e 1­2 A social constructionist approach • Ideas about developmental progress: – change over time – are different at different times in history – foreground different assumptions from time to time. • Developmental progress is not in one direction only. – It is not a single line with one goal. – It is complex and has many strands. • There is no single truth about `right` development. Copyright © 2014 McGraw­Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Drewery and Claiborne, Human Development 2e 1­3 The concept of development • Evolutionary theory encouraged those interested in social progress to think that: – Some developmental changes help the species survive. – Developmental change follows a pattern from primitive to more highly evolved, in stages. – Speedy development through stages is an advantage. • The history of child development began with attempts to chart `normal` development. Copyright © 2014 McGraw­Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Drewery and Claiborne, Human Development 2e 1­4 The power of norms • A norm is often also seen as an expected appearance or behaviour. • We derive norms by tracing patterns of development by individuals, finding the average, then generalising them. • This approach is seen as scientific. – It allows prediction. – It offers criteria for measuring developmental progress. • A norm is sometimes seen as an ideal. Copyright © 2014 McGraw­Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Drewery and Claiborne, Human Development 2e 1­5 ... - tailieumienphi.vn