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Chapter 14 One Last Time: a Review of the School as a Social System W. K. Hoy © 2003, 2008, 2011 McGraw­Hill/Irwin © 2013 McGraw­Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. Social System Model for Schools Environment Inputs Environmenta l constraints Human and Transformation Process Structural System (Bureaucratic Expectations) Outputs Achievement Job satisfaction capital resources Mission and board policy Materials and methods Cultural System (Shared Orientations) Individual System (Cognition and Motivation) Political System (Power Relations) Absenteeism Dropout rate Overall quality Discrepancy between Actual and Expected Performance W. K. Hoy © 2003, 2008, 2011 14­2 Internal Elements of School Social System • Structure and Authority • Individuals and Motivation • Culture and Climate • Power and Politics • Teaching and Learning W. K. Hoy © 2003, 2008, 2011 14­3 External Environments of School Social System • Legislative Forces • Economic Forces • Political Forces • Resources • Institutions • Community Agencies W. K. Hoy © 2003, 2008, 2011 14­4 School Effectiveness • Academic Achievement • Student Social Emotional Development • Teacher Satisfaction • Ability to Adapt and Innovate • Subjective and Objective Measures • Harmonious and Efficient Operation • Effectiveness is the congruence between the desired and actual performance of organization. W. K. Hoy © 2003, 2008, 2011 14­5 ... - tailieumienphi.vn
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